龙陵-瑞丽断裂带附近的构造地貌与断裂活动性   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

贺根文  付碧宏  刘鸣  杨顺虎  时丕龙  刘锋 《地震地质》2014,36(2):434-448

利用ALOS全色、ASTER多光谱遥感影像和SRTM数字高程模型数据解译,并结合野外地质调查和实时差分GPS测量,对龙陵-瑞丽断裂带晚第四纪活动的构造地貌和地质特征进行了研究。综合遥感解译、构造地貌和地震地质调查的结果认为,龙陵-瑞丽断裂带是一条以左旋走滑作用为主的断裂,在晚第四纪具有一定的活动性;并确定了龙陵-瑞丽断裂带各活动段落的空间分布情况。选取朱家寨一带开展了探槽挖掘工作。探槽很好地揭露了基岩中发育的新鲜断层面和晚第四纪冲洪积层,但是未发现断层错动晚第四纪沉积物的迹象。采集了冲洪积层底部的植物化石进行了14C测年,结果为（1150±30）a BP。据此推测,从距今1150年以来,龙陵-瑞丽断裂带活动断层在北段未再发生过破坏性古地震事件。综合分析1976年龙陵地震的发震特点,认为1976年发生在龙陵的大地震未发生在龙陵-瑞丽断裂带上,其震源机制解和余震分布特征表明地震活动与NNW向展布的新生断裂带活动有关,这很有可能造成了NE向龙陵-瑞丽断裂带晚第四纪构造活动性减弱。  相似文献   

Monitoring land subsidence and fault deformation using the small baseline subset InSAR technique: A case study in the Datong Basin,China     

《Journal of Geodynamics》2014

The Datong Basin is located to the north of the Fenwei Graben Basin, where ground fissures and subsidence are common geological hazards. The Datong Basin is also one of China's main energy bases and is known as “the hometown of coal”. In this study, the small baseline subset InSAR technique was used to process 40 scenes of Envisat ASAR images that cover this area. The magnitude and distribution of subsidence in the Datong Basin were obtained. Additionally, the relationships among the regional land subsidence, ground fissures and fault activity were addressed. The results reveal that Datong ground subsidence is affected by the groundwater exploitation and the nearby faults. The Datong ground fissures are controlled by regional fault activity (e.g., seismic activity) and its interaction with the ground subsidence. Meanwhile, the influence of surface precipitation on ground fissure activity was analyzed. The differential subsidence on both sides of the ground fissures was also studied.  相似文献   

Protolith ages and deformation mechanism of metamorphic rocks in the Zhangbaling uplift segment of the Tan-Lu Fault Zone   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

Tian Zhao  Guang Zhu  ShaoZe Lin  LeJia Yan  QinQin Jiang 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2014,57(11):2740-2757

Protolith ages and Indosinian deformation mechanism of metamorphic rocks in the Zhangbaling uplift segment of the Tan-Lu Fault Zone are important, unsolved problems. Our LA-ICP-MS zircon dating work indicates that protolith ages of the greenschist-facies Zhangbaling Group are 754–753 Ma, and those of the amphibolite-facies Feidong Complex are 800–745 Ma. These rocks belong to the earliest cover of the Yangtze Plate. Their ages and metamorphic features suggest that the rocks did not come from the Dabie Orogen. The Indosinian structures in the Zhangbaling Group and lower Sinian strata formed in a flatlying ductile detachment zone with a shear sense of top-to-the-SSW whereas those in the underlying Feidong Complex are characterized by ENE-WSW inclined folds developed under a ductile regime. It is suggested therefore that the sinistral Tan-Lu Fault Zone of the Indosinian period is buried under the Hefei Basin west of the Zhangbaling uplift segment and the uplift segment is a displaced block neighboring the fault zone. Detachment deformation between the upper rigid and lower ductile crust during displacement of the Zhangbaling uplift segment resulted in the formation of the flat-lying ductile detachment zone and its underlying drag fold zone of a ductile regime. The protolith ages and deformation mechanism in the Zhangbaling uplift segment further prove sinistral origination of the Tan-Lu Fault Zone during the continent-continent collision of the North China and Yangtze plates and support the indentation model for the two-plate collision that considers the Tan-Lu Fault Zone as an oblique convergence boundary.  相似文献   

陕西南沙河地区车渡金矿床成因     

王义忠  王得权 《地质通报》2019,38(11):1877-1887

针对陕西南沙河地区车渡金矿床进行了研究,研究结果表明,中—新元古界碧口群二亚群(Pt2-3bk2)中玄武质火山凝灰岩具Sr、Ba、Rb、Ce、P、Sm相对富集,Ta、Nb、Zr、Hf、Ti相对亏损的特征,显示钙碱性火山弧玄武岩的特点;车渡金矿床具有2种成因类型,一是与中生代逆冲推覆构造形成的韧性剪切带有关的强硅化蚀变岩型金矿,二是与中—新元古界碧口岩群二亚群火山凝灰岩有关的BIF型金矿。单颗粒磁铁矿成分分析认为,车渡含金磁铁石英岩中磁铁矿具有高的TFeO(平均值99.59%)含量和极低的TiO_2、MgO、A_(12)O_3、MnO含量,指示车渡磁铁石英岩金矿石中条带状磁铁矿属于沉积变质型成因条带状含铁建造。含金磁铁石英岩型金矿石的氢氧同位素显示,δ~(18)O_水值为12.34‰～12.45‰(平均值12.40‰),δD值为-112.6‰～-103.5‰(平均值-108.05‰),与鞍山—本溪地区条带状含铁建造型铁矿δD变化范围(-129‰～-75‰)一致,暗示车渡含金磁铁石英岩中石英矿物具有条带状含铁建造特征。  相似文献   

Tectonics induced switching of provenance during the Late Quaternary aggradation of the Indus River Valley,Ladakh, India     

Ravish Lal  H.S.Saini  N.C.Pant  S.A.I.Mujtaba 《地学前缘(英文版)》2019,10(1):285-297

The Indus River flows through Ladakh, one of the driest and coldest places on earth, in a tectonically active domain. Fluvial, glaciofluvial, lacustrine and debris dominated sequences represent the Late Quaternary sedimentary record along the river course. Karakoram Fault, a major crustal scaled feature reported to be active during the Quaternary, is associated with the Indus River drainage. Linkages between a major, active fault and deposits formed during the activity period of the fault are explored using heavy mineral deduced provenance and Optically Stimulated Luminescence(OSL) chronology.Five deposits in a ~200 km long stretch of the Indus River have been examined for a ~80 ka period to decipher the climate linked aggradation history. Damming of the Indus River at ~79 ka and existence of the Spituk Lake for >30 ka is demonstrated. Using geology of the provenance in relation to the mineralogical attributes of the Quaternary deposits, the major drainage reorganization when the connection of the Tangtse Valley to the Indus was blocked, is inferred at ~73 ka. It is supported by the geologicalgeomorphological evidence. The study demonstrates the application of provenance linked mineralogy in terrestrial aggradation in a tectonically active region.  相似文献   

Arterial faults and their role in mineralizing systems     

《地学前缘(英文版)》2019,10(6):2093-2100

In quartzo-feldspathic continental crust with moderate-to-high heat flow,seismic activity extends to depths of 10-20 km,bounded by isotherms in the 350-450 C range.Fluid overpressuring above hydrostatic in seismogenic crust,is heterogeneous but tends to develop in the lower seismogenic zone(basal seismogenic zone reservoir=b.s.z.reservoir) where the transition between hydrostatically pressured and overpressured crust is likely an irregular,time-dependent.3-D interface with overpressuring concentrated around active faults and their ductile shear zone roots.The term Arterial Fault is applied to fault structures that root in portions of the crust where pore fluids are overpressured(i.e.at hydrostatic pressure) and serve as feeders for such fluids and their contained solutes into overlying parts of the crust.While arterial flow may occur on any type of fault,it is most likely to be associated with reverse faults in areas of horizontal compression where fluid overpressuring is most easily sustained.Frictional stability and flow permeability of faults are both affected by the state of stress on the fault(shear stress,τ;normal stress,σ_n),the level of pore-fluid pressure,P_f,and episodes of fault slip,allowing for a complex interplay between fault movement and fluid flow.For seismically active faults the time dependence of permeability is critical,leading to fault-valve behaviour whereby overpressures accumulate at depth during interseismic intervals with fluid discharged along enhanced fault-fracture permeability following each rupture event.Patterns of mineralization also suggest that flow along faults is non-uniform,concentrating along tortuous pathways within the fault surface.Equivalent hydrostatic head above ground level for near-lithostatic overpressures at depth(1.65×depth of zone) provides a measure of arterial potential.Settings for arterial faults include fault systems developed in compacting sedimentary basins,faults penetrating zones of active plutonic intrusion that encounter overpressured fluids exsolved from magma,together with those derived from contact metamorphism of fluid-rich wallrocks,and/or from regional devolatilisation accompanying prograde metamorphism.Specially significant are active faults within accretionary prisms rooted into overpressured subduction interfaces,and steep reverse faults activated by high overpressures from b.s.z.reservoirs during compressional inversion.  相似文献   

Origins of High H_2S-bearing Natural Gas in China   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

ZHU Guangyou  ZHANG Shuichang  LIANG Yingbo  DAI Jinxing  LI Jian Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration  Development  China National Petroleum Corporation  Beijing 《《地质学报》英文版》2005,79(5):697-708

Natural gas containing hydrogen sulphide （H2S） has been found in several petroliferous basins in China, such as the Sichuan Basin, Bohai Bay Basin, Ordos Basin, Tarim Basin, etc. Natural gas with higher HES contents （HES 〉5 % mol.） is mostly distributed in both the gas reservoirs of Dukouhe, Luojiazhai, Puguang and Tieshanpo, which belong to the Triassic Feixianguan Formation in the northeastern Sichuan Basin and those of the Kongdian-Shahejie formations in the northeastern Jinxian Sag of the Jizhong Depression, Bohai Bay Basin. In the Sichuan Basin, the HES contents of natural gas average over 9% and some can be 17 %, while those of the Bohai Bay Basin range from 40 % to 92 %, being then one of the gas reservoirs with the highest H2S contents in the world. Based on detailed observation and sample analysis results of a total 5000 m of core from over 70 wells in the above-mentioned two basins, especially sulfur isotopic analysis of gypsum, brimstone, pyrite and natural gas, also with integrated study of the geochemical characteristics of hydrocarbons, it is thought that the natural gas with high HES contents resulted from thermochemical sulfate reduction （TSR） reactions. Among them, the natural gas in the Feixianguan Formation resulted from TSR reactions participated by hydrocarbon gas, while that in the Zhaolanzhuang of the Jinxian Sag being the product of TSR participated by crude oil. During the consumption process of hydrocarbons due to TSR, the heavy hydrocarbons were apt to react with sulfate, which accordingly resulted in the dry coefficient of natural gas increasing and the carbon isotopes becoming heavier.  相似文献   

右江盆地微细浸染型金矿成矿流体特征与来源   总被引：6，自引：2，他引：4  

庞保成  林畅松  罗先熔  胡超涌  庄新国 《地质与勘探》2005,41(1):13-17

右江盆地金矿床原生包裹体中液体包裹体占包裹体总数的90%以上,包裹体的均一温度和盐度均较低,化学组成富Na 低K 、富Cl-低F-,2＜Na /K ＜10,1.5＜Na /(Ca2 Mg2 )＜4,不具有岩浆水和热卤水的特点.氢氧同位素组成表现为氢同位素变化不大,氧同位素变化范围大,但在δD-δ18O图解上具有大致沿华南中生代大气降水δD=-70%的直线上下分布的规律.流体包裹体中36Ar属大气成因,Sr同位素具有壳源的特点.上述证据表明,右江盆地微细浸染型金矿成矿流体中的水主要来源于大气降水.并指出大气降水在金矿成矿过程中不是矿区范围内的直线下渗,而是作盆地规模的由南向北的渗流.  相似文献   

断块构造|活动断块构造与地震活动   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4       下载免费PDF全文

邓起东  高翔  杨虎 《地质科学》2009,44(4):1083-1093

张文佑院士是我国最杰出的构造地质学家和大地构造学家,他提出和倡导的地质构造力学分析和历史分析相结合及断块构造理论符合当代构造地质和构造运动研究的新方向。断块构造是地球构造运动最基本的型式,板块构造是全球范围内的岩石圈构造,是最高一级的岩石圈断块构造。活动断块是现今构造运动最基本的型式,它既控制主要活动构造带和地震活动带的分布,也控制不同地区地震活动特征的差异。断块边界构造带是在构造变形和运动场中的不连续变形带,应力在此释放,应变在此局部化,位移在此发生,其差异活动最为强烈,因此,断块边界构造带是强震发生带,其活动性质会控制震源断层的特性。大地震孕育和发生在边界活动构造带的某些特殊部位,对其成核的构造和物理过程尚需深入进行研究。要特别注意断块整体性活动对地震活动的控制作用,断块的这种整体性活动与一定时期内地震活动主体地区分布有密切关系,所以,在活动构造研究中,要把断块的整体性活动与活动构造带的个体活动结合起来。  相似文献   

Predicting the uniaxial compressive strength and elastic modulus of a fault breccia from texture coefficient   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

M. Alber  S. Kahraman 《Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering》2009,42(1):117-127

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