秦岭凤太铅锌-金矿集区成矿规律与找矿预测     

王瑞廷  张革利  李青锋  张斌  成欢  冀月飞 《地球科学与环境学报》2021,(3):528-548

凤太铅锌-金矿集区地处秦岭泥盆系贵金属-多金属成矿带西段,总体为夹持于湘子河断裂、酒奠梁断裂之间,以NWW向褶皱和NWW向断裂组合而成的近似菱形构造块体,主要出露的泥盆系为浅变质碳酸盐岩与细碎屑岩建造,东部出露的花红树坪岩体、西坝岩体和集中分布的岩脉为区内铅锌、金成矿提供了物质及热动力.典型矿床解剖结果表明:铅锌矿床受...  相似文献   

Closed-loop randomized kinodynamic path planning for an autonomous underwater vehicle     

《Applied Ocean Research》2019

A randomized kinodynamic path planning algorithm based on the incremental sampling-based method is proposed here as the state-of-the-art in this field applicable in an autonomous underwater vehicle. Designing a feasible path for this vehicle from an initial position and velocity to a target position and velocity in three-dimensional spaces by considering the kinematic constraints such as obstacles avoidance and dynamic constraints such as hard bounds and non-holonomic characteristic of AUV are the main motivation of this research. For this purpose, a closed-loop rapidly-exploring random tree (CL-RRT) algorithm is presented. This CL-RRT consists of three tightly coupled components: a RRT algorithm, three fuzzy proportional-derivative controllers for heading and diving control and a six degree-of-freedom nonlinear AUV model. The branches of CL-RRT are expanded in the configuration space by considering the kinodynamic constraints of AUV. The feasibility of each branch and random offspring vertex in the CL-RRT is checked against the mentioned constraints of AUV. Next, if the planned branch is feasible by the AUV, then the control signals and related vertex are recorded through the path planner to design the final path. This proposed algorithm is implemented on a single board computer (SBC) through the xPC Target and then four test-cases are designed in 3D space. The results of the processor-in-the-loop tests are compared by the conventional RRT and indicate that the proposed CL-RRT not only in a rapid manner plans an initial path, but also the planned path is feasible by the AUV.  相似文献   

A novel spatial index using spatial analyses and hierarchical fuzzy expert system for obtaining green TOD: a case study in Tehran city     

Hamid Motieyan  Mohammad Saadi Mesgari 《国际地球制图》2019,34(1):1-22

Sustainable development is a vital and challenging factor for managing urban growth smartly. This factor contains three main components, namely economic growth, ecological protection and social justice. Green Transit-Oriented Development (GTOD) is a consummate planning approach in line with those components. Implementation of GTOD in an urban area is underpinned by its quantification. Therefore, a quantitative spatial index based on several indicators related to TOD and Green urbanism concepts should be developed. In this study, Geo-spatial Information Science and hierarchical fuzzy inference system (HFIS) were employed to calculate the indicators and aggregate them, respectively. In order to showcase the feasibility of the proposed method, it was implemented in a case study area in the City of Tehran, Iran. The result of this method is an integrated spatial GTOD index, which measures the neighbourhoods’ GTOD levels. These measurements specify weaknesses and strengths of neighbourhoods’ factors. Therefore, this index helps decision-makers to plan neighbourhoods based on land use and public transit views. Additionally, the HFIS method helps decision-makers to consider criteria and indicators with their inherent uncertainties and aggregate them with much fewer rules. For evaluating the results, the developed GTOD index was assessed with municipal action planning and attraction maps. According to the outcomes of the assessment, it is concluded that the proposed method is adequately robust and efficient for smart and sustainable urban planning.  相似文献   

Modeling of the eddy viscosity by breaking waves   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

ZHANG Shuwen  YUAN Yeli  ZHENG Quan''an 《海洋学报(英文版)》2007,26(6):116-123

Breaking wave induced nearsurface turbulence has important consequences for many physical and biochemical processes including water column and nutrients mixing,heat and gases exchange across air-sea interface.The energy loss from wave breaking and the bubble plume penetration depth are estimated.As a consequence,the vertical distribution of the turbulent kinetic energy(TKE),the TKE dissipation rate and the eddy viscosity induced by wave breaking are also provided.It is indicated that model results are found to be consistent with the observational evidence that most TKE generated by wave breaking is lost within a depth of a few meters near the sea surface.High turbulence level with intensities of eddy viscosity induced by breaking is nearly four orders larger than υwl(=κuwz),the value predicted for the wall layer scaling close to the surface,where uw is the friction velocity in water,κ with 0.4 is the von Kármán constant,and z is the water depth,and the strength of the eddy viscosity depends both on wind speed and sea state,and decays rapidly through the depth.This leads to the conclusion that the breaking wave induced vertical mixing is mainly limited to the near surface layer,well above the classical values expected from the similarity theory.Deeper down,however,the effects of wave breaking on the vertical mixing become less important.  相似文献   

Mapping the farming-pastoral ecotones in China     

Jian Zhang  Jie Wei  Quangong Chen 《山地科学学报》2009,6(1):78-87

Conventional farming-pastoral ecotones methods of delineating were not quantitative and could not fully show their spatial distribution. The present paper attempts to develop quantitative methods for mapping farming-pastoral ecotones in China. Nine indicators, related to temperature, precipitation and altitude aspects, were selected to quantify ecological susceptibility of vegetation （crops and forage）. Methods of analytic hierarchy process （AHP） and expert score ranking combined with fuzzy set theory were applied to assign the weight for each indicator and to define the membership functions. The geographic information system （GIS） was used to manage the spatial database and conduct the spatial analysis. According to the spatial calculation of evaluation model integrated with GIS, the ecological susceptibility of vegetation （crops and forage） was mapped. Three different zones, pastoral area, farming-pastoral ecotones and farming area, were classified by spatial cluster analysis and the maximum likelihood classification for the numeric map of vegetation ecological susceptibility by GIS. This map was validated by the economic statistical result based on the ratio of the output value from animal husbandry in total output value of agriculture by the National Bureau of Statistics in China, indicating that the mapping of the farming-pastoral ecotones may be accepted.  相似文献   

淹没不整合型层序——一种特殊的加深淹没   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

符颖  韩林 《海相油气地质》2007,12(3):15-20

淹没不整合型层序以其凝缩层直接覆盖于层序界面上,即凝缩层+高水位体系域层序类型为特征,以不含有任何暴露证据而区别于层序地层学定义的Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型层序界面,成为碳酸盐地层层序中的一种特殊类型的三级旋回层序界面。以淹没不整合型层序的特征描述、鉴别方法和实例分析阐述了淹没不整合是一种旋回层序的特殊类型即加深淹没型层序界面。这种淹没不整合型层序在油气运移方面起着重要作用。  相似文献   

Local and landscape effects on spatial patterns of mangrove forest during wetter and drier periods: Moreton Bay,Southeast Queensland,Australia     

L. Eslami-Andargoli  P.E.R. Dale  N. Sipe  J. Chaseling 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2010

Land use/cover and mangrove spatial changes were assessed for ten sites and their sub-catchments in Southeast Queensland, Australia. Two time periods were involved: 1972–1990, a period of relatively high rainfall, and 1990–2004, which was significantly drier. Aerial photographs and Landsat satellite imagery were used to map the inter-tidal wetlands and classify the land use/cover in the sub-catchments. A Maximum Likelihood Classification was used to map three types of land cover: agriculture, built-up and plantation forest. Mangroves (mainly Avicennia marina) were the focus as they have been recorded over recent decades encroaching into salt marsh. The Mangrove-Salt marsh Interface (MSI) Index was developed to quantify the relative opportunity for mangroves to expand into salt marshes, based on the shared boundary between them. The index showed a consistent relationship with mangrove expansion and change. To address problems of high dimensionality and multi-collinearity of predictor variables, a Partial Least Squares Regression (PLSR) model was used. A key finding of this research was that the contribution of environmental variables to spatial changes in the mangroves was altered following a reduction in rainfall. For example, agriculture had more influence on mangrove expansion and change during the wet period than during the dry period.  相似文献   

不同氧饱和度环境刀额新对虾幼体对微藻脂肪酸在沉积物中降解的影响研究          下载免费PDF全文

孙立群  丁海兵  杨桂朋 《海洋科学进展》2014,32(4)

以中国近海典型赤潮藻中肋骨条藻(Skeletonema costatum)为研究对象,考察不同氧饱和度环境下底栖甲壳动物对有机物在沉积物中降解的影响。通过对比不同氧饱和度培养模拟体系中中肋骨条藻在有/无刀额新对虾(Metapenaeus ensis)幼体活动背景下的降解过程,追踪中肋骨条藻中4种主要脂肪酸(C14:0,C16:0,C16:1(7)和C20:5)在100%,50%,25%和0%的氧饱和度体系中的降解行为。结果表明,100%氧饱和度体系中刀额新对虾幼体的活动能明显加快脂肪酸在沉积物中的降解(约为对照组的1.2~1.7倍),特别是对饱和脂肪酸C14:0和C16:0的作用最为明显;而在50%氧饱和度的缺氧体系中,在前三天的培养中,刀额新对虾幼体的活动逐渐减弱直至最终死亡,死亡之前的扰动增加了有机物在次表层沉积物中的埋藏并降低了其降解速率。研究还发现,在100%氧饱和度体系中,刀额新对虾幼体的扰动作用促进大量脂肪酸转移到次表层沉积物和悬浮颗粒中;而在50%氧饱和度体系中,这种转移作用明显变小。对于氧饱和度25%和0%的环境,刀额新对虾幼体在模拟培养开始后迅速死亡,对有机物质降解几乎没有影响。  相似文献   

夏季珠江口外近海沉积物/水界面营养盐的交换通量   总被引：8，自引：1，他引：8  

张德荣  陈繁荣  杨永强  张凌  吕莹 《热带海洋学报》2005,24(6):53-60

基于2002年夏季(7月)对珠江口外近海的生态环境调查,获取了该海域沉积物间隙水的营养盐剖面资料,估算了沉积物/水界面的营养盐交换通量,并且与实验测定的沉积物/水界面交换通量进行了对比。结果表明,沉积有机质在厌氧环境下降解大大提高了间隙水中的铵盐、磷酸盐和硅酸盐含量,导致这些营养盐总体上从沉积物内部向沉积物/水界面转移。但在该界面附近,铵盐被不同程度地硝化,所形成的硝酸盐又被不同程度地反硝化;磷酸盐和硅酸盐交换通量则受到自生矿物沉淀与溶解、吸附与解吸作用的影响,因此营养盐的净交换通量是各种物理、化学和生物作用的综合结果。模拟实验研究显示,该海区NH4+、NO3-、NO2-、PO43-和SiO44-的沉积物/水界面交换通量分别为-0.197—1.93、-0.558—0.178、-0.064—-0.009、-0.079—0.126和-6.89—7.00 mmol.(m2.d)-1。根据营养盐剖面资料计算的交换通量不仅很小,交换通量方向也往往与实验结果不符。  相似文献   

组件嵌入式网络地理信息系统的设计与实现     

王建涛  贲进 《海洋测绘》2005,25(3):57-59

研究了基于组件嵌入式网络GIS解决方案，首先介绍了网络GIS实现的主流Java方法，分析了它们的优缺点，重点论述了嵌入式组件技术和基于组件嵌入式网络GIS的实现原理，介绍了它的设计和实现方法，最后给出了实验结果并和Java实现方式作了比较。  相似文献