Mathematische Modellierung von thermodynamischen Gleichgewichtsprozessen im Dreiphasensystem Lösung-Feststoff-Gas. Teil I: Grundlagen und Anwendung der thermodynamischen Modellierung     

R. Fischer  H. Reißig  W. Gawlick 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》1995,23(3):131-136

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余震区长度与震级关系的模糊神经元网络模型   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5       下载免费PDF全文

王家鼎  黄崇福 《地震工程学报》1995,17(1):62-68

本文试图将模糊人工神经元网张及模糊信息分析理论引入到余震区长度与震级关系的识别之中，采用信息扩散与ＢＰ型人工神经元网络相结合的方法建立模型，该模型有较强的自适应能力及处理矛盾样本的功能。最后将该模型的识别结果与统计结果瑟统计结果进行了比较，结果表明该模型具有一定的优越性。  相似文献   

The representation of geoscience information for data integration   总被引：17，自引：0，他引：17  

Chang-Jo F. Chung  Andrea G. Fabbri 《Natural Resources Research》1993,2(2):122-139

In mineral exploration, resource assessment, or natural hazard assessment, many layers of geoscience maps such as lithology, structure, geophysics, geochemistry, hydrology, slope stability, mineral deposits, and preprocessed remotely sensed data can be used as evidence to delineate potential areas for further investigation. Today's PC-based data base management systems, statistical packages, spreadsheets, image processing systems, and geographical information systems provide almost unlimited capabilities of manipulating data. Generally such manipulations make a strategic separation of spatial and nonspatial attributes, which are conveniently linked in relational data bases. The first step in integration procedures usually consists of studying the individual charateristics of map features and interrelationships, and then representing them in numerical form (statistics) for finding the areas of high potential (or impact).Data representation is a transformation of our experience of the real world into a computational domain. As such, it must comply with models and rules to provide us with useful information. Quantitative representation of spatially distributed map patterns or phenomena plays a pivotal role in integration because it also determines the types of combination rules applied to them.Three representation methods—probability measures, Dempster-Shafer belief functions, and membership functions in fuzzy sets—and their corresponding estimation procedures are presented here with analyses of the implications and of the assumptions that are required in each approach to thematic mapping. Difficulties associated with the construction of probability measures, belief functions, and membership functions are also discussed; alternative procedures to overcome these difficulties are proposed. These proposed techniques are illustrated by using a simple, artificially constructed data set.  相似文献   

The application of spatial data processing to land use conflict resolution in the lal lal water catchment of the Ballarat growth corridor: a case study from chapter one of the Buninyong planning scheme     

I. A. Allan  J. A. Peterson 《The Australian geographer》1993,24(2):76-88

Land use conflict within the Lal Lal Water Catchment is between landowners, the Shire, the Water Board and those directing regional pressures for development. It is exacerbated by inconsistency in building permit appraisal outcomes. The deliberations involved would clearly have benefited from access to spatial data sets through use of a Geographical Information System (GIS) during applications appraisal, in that inconsistencies are most obvious when mapped in relation to the criteria applied. GIS methodologies would ensure that information of a high standard was produced. Three strategic points are identified for the implementation of GIS: at the planning scheme formulation stage; the permit application stage; and the formal conflict resolution stage. Reference to GIS at the first two stages presupposes the existence of a local government area (LGA) spatial data base and a GIS/LIS that can output overlay maps. Application of GIS at the third stage is somewhat ‘after the event’. This study suggests that without such a regional review of the spatial patterns of permit appraisal criteria (including overland flow modelling) each appeal or negotiation is likely to yield an outcome that is inconsistent in relation to other cases. An LGA planning office maintaining a GIS with all layers relating to these criteria will have assembled its spatial data according to the requirements of its planning scheme and will make most use of it in a GIS at the permit appraisal stage.  相似文献   

The information content of high-frequency seismograms and the near-surface geologic structure of “hard rock” recording sites     

Edward Cranswick 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1988,128(1-2):333-363

Due to hardware developments in the last decade, the high-frequency end of the frequency band of seismic waves analyzed for source mechanisms has been extended into the audio-frequency range (>20 Hz). In principle, the short wavelengths corresponding to these frequencies can provide information about the details of seismic sources, but in fact, much of the signal is the site response of the nearsurface. Several examples of waveform data recorded at hard rock sites, which are generally assumed to have a flat transfer function, are presented to demonstrate the severe signal distortions, includingf _max, produced by near-surface structures. Analysis of the geology of a number of sites indicates that the overall attenuation of high-frequency (>1 Hz) seismic waves is controlled by the whole-path-Q between source and receiver but the presence of distinctf _max site resonance peaks is controlled by the nature of the surface layer and the underlying near-surface structure. Models of vertical decoupling of the surface and nearsurface and horizontal decoupling of adjacent sites on hard rock outcrops are proposed and their behaviour is compared to the observations of hard rock site response. The upper bound to the frequency band of the seismic waves that contain significant source information which can be deconvolved from a site response or an array response is discussed in terms off _max and the correlation of waveform distortion with the outcrop-scale geologic structure of hard rock sites. It is concluded that although the velocity structures of hard rock sites, unlike those of alluvium sites, allow some audio-frequency seismic energy to propagate to the surface, the resulting signals are a highly distorted, limited subset of the source spectra.  相似文献   

农田生态系统氮,磷,钾平衡试验研究：以禹城站试验地为例   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

胡朝炳  田振荣 《地理学报》1995,50(1):73-82

根据在禹城站养分平衡试验场２０个养分池内连续三年的试验，通过比较精确的田间试验和取样分析，探讨了估养了以禹城为代表的黄淮海平原类似地区农田生态系统氮、磷、钾营养元素的平衡。试验结果表明，在黄河冲积物母质上发育的土壤，钾的供应能力很强。在当前产量水平（１２０００ｋｇ／ｈａ／ａ）施用钾肥无效果，并出现“奢侈性消移”。氮、磷元素尤其是有效性氮和磷明显缺乏，是影响作物生产的主要因素。养分损失的主要途径是氨  相似文献   

数理统计方法在区域地球物理资料构造分区中之应用     

穆石敏  侯惠群  李桐林 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》1987,(2)

本文介绍了利用小比例尺重磁资科进行构造分区的数理统计方法。讨论了分区中的单元划分及变量组合等问题,提出了单元划分的原则及各类变量在分区中的作用。最后,利用辽宁及新疆的资料作了统计分区,取得了较为满意的结果。  相似文献   

应用遥感信息复合方法的森林分类和动态监测研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

游先祥  杨晓明 《遥感学报》1995,(2)

在森林资源清查和动态监测中，一般要求能识别树种、在树种复杂时也要求识别到树种组。成图时要求可直接使用几何精度高、类型边界清晰的中比例尺如１：２．５万的影像图。为了满足生产的需要，我们进行了遥感信息复合、遥感与非遥感信息复合及复合方法等实用技术应用的研究。实验中应用了ＭＳＳ与ＴＭ卫星图像、ＴＭ不同时相的图像、ＴＭ与Ｓｐｏｔ的复合，及复合前后信息特征变化的定量分析等研究。从而为最优波段组合、特征信息提取方法提供了基础。在动态分析中主要进行了采伐迹地、林墙、迹地更新等方面的测定，并对测定精度进行了评估。  相似文献   

土地信息系统建立过程中的数据质量问题     

许玉英 《现代测绘》2006,29(3):33-35

数据是信息的载体,数据对土地信息系统(LIS)来说是至关重要的,数据质量的好坏是土地信息系统建设成败的关键。信息系统对数据进行处理就是为了得到数据中所包含的信息。本文将对土地信息系统建立过程中有关数据质量问题进行探讨。  相似文献   

浅谈中国石油天然气集团公司(CNODC)海外数字油田与勘探开发一体化集成系统的建设          下载免费PDF全文

王京  赵珍梅  曹代勇 《地球物理学进展》2006,21(1):225-231

本文就中国石油天然气集团公司CNPC海外业务成功运作实践，指出数字油田技术可望成为中石油在国际市场竞争中的利器.随着海外业务的快速发展，作业的国家及相关项目迅速增加，随之而来的项目管理、经营调度、生产监控等公司日常管理工作日趋复杂，相关信息往来越来越多、传递速度越来越快.与此同时，信息技术的迅猛发展，为实现企业的海量信息处理需求提供了可能，而连接海内外的数字油田建设正是提高公司核心竞争力的重要载体和手段.论述了CNODC海内外项目的信息化现状及存在问题，指出勘探开发一体化集成系统建设作为核心技术是海外数字油田的重中之重，呼吁尽快提出适合自己的高效、规避风险的与海外项目紧密连接的“海外数字油田”战略.  相似文献