西藏当雄-羊八井盆地的第四纪地质与断裂活动研究   总被引：7，自引：2，他引：5  

吴中海  赵希涛  吴珍汉  江万  胡道功 《地质力学学报》2006,12(3):305-316

在当雄-羊八井盆地进行的详细地质填图工作表明,该盆地中堆积了上新世或早更新世以来多套不同成因的沉积物。其中最显著的是形成于约700~500kaB.P.、250~125kaB.P.和75~12kaB.P.等三个阶段的冰川和冰水沉积物,它们指示念青唐古拉山地区在中更新世以来曾有过三次冰期。对念青唐古拉山东南麓断裂带的研究表明,该断裂带包含了三条次级断层带,它们具有不断向盆地内部迁移和多期活动的特点,其中中更新世以来的几次重要活动分别发生在700~500kaB.P.、350~220 kaB.P.、140kaB.P.和70~50kaB.P.。断裂带错动中更新世以来地层所形成的断层崖高度随着地层时代的变新发生系统地减小,指示该断裂的垂直活动速率介于0.4mm/a~2mm/a之间,其中第四纪期间的长期的平均垂直活动速率为1.1±0.3mm/a,而全新世期间的垂直活动速率为1.4±0.6mm/a.   相似文献   

管土摩擦和管径对埋地管道破坏的影响分析   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

朱庆杰  刘英利  蒋录珍  张秀彦 《地震工程与工程振动》2006,26(3):197-199

如何分析管土摩擦和管径对埋地管道地震破坏的影响,是城市地下管道建设中面临的突出问题。采用AD INA软件的定义体操作来选择体类型,并应用布尔操作实现了管道与土体和断层之间的融合,得到地下管道破坏分析的几何模型。通过模型参数选择,确定了岩土性质、管道特性、断层等模型参数,定义了管土摩擦、地震荷载时间函数、断层位移荷载。依据计算结果,分析了管土摩擦和管径对地下管道地震破坏的影响,找出了提高埋地管道抵抗破坏能力的摩擦系数和管径最优值,给出了几点工程建议。  相似文献   

关于地下断层封闭性的讨论——以东营凹陷为例   总被引：25，自引：0，他引：25  

王志欣  信荃麟 《高校地质学报》1997,3(3):293-300

本文回顾并分析了前人进行断层封闭性评价的一些基本思路,并根据孔隙压力和有效应力原理提出了断层封闭性评价的新见解,断面的力学性质取决于该断面上有效直应力和剪应力的大小和方向;有效直应力为压性,则断面为封闭的,有效直应力的性质受控于有效地应力,而有效地应力的大小与流体压力密切相关;以前对断层封闭性的评价中所考虑的影响因素是不全面的,完全忽略了流体压力对断层封闭性的影响;断层封闭性不但是变化的,而且其变化是一种瞬时的、多次所复的过程;在探埋藏条件下,断层一般是封闭的。自然界中至少存在着两种引起地层压力快速上升并导致深部断层开启的机制：一是地震触发高压致裂;二是深部流体注入引最的连锁压裂。  相似文献   

波形识别在层位对比中的应用     

韩道范  李德昌  刘才  张国良  崔雁  李秀萍 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》1999,(4)

从波形识别入手,详细讨论了波形在时间域和频率域特征,给出其提取算法,以及波形识别的ＢＰ神经网络结构,然后提出了一种较简便、实用的波形组识别算法并将它应用于断层两侧层位的对比,取得了令人满意的实际效果  相似文献   

The development of polygonal fault systems by syneresis of colloidal sediments   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

David N. Dewhurst  Joseph A. Cartwright  Lidia Lonergan 《Marine and Petroleum Geology》1999,16(8):111

Polygonal fault systems occur in numerous sedimentary basins worldwide, are generally located on passive margins in onlap fill units and tend to comprise the finest grained sediments in this geological setting. These fault systems have been most thoroughly described in the central North Sea basin and the detailed structure shows a significant correlation with lithological variations, both vertically and laterally. Extension measured in stacked decoupled tiers of polygonal faults correlates positively with both clay fraction and smectite content. Lateral facies variations are also observed and indicate that time-equivalent sequences upslope from the smectite-rich polygonally faulted sediments are coarse-grained, clay-poor and undeformed. This leads us to believe that the structure and geometry of the fault system are controlled by the colloidal nature of the sediments, and that the volumetric contraction measured on seismic sections can be accounted for by syneresis of colloidal smectitic gels during early compaction. Syneresis results from the spontaneous contraction of a sedimentary gel without evaporation of the constituent pore fluid. This process occurs due to the domination of interparticle attractive forces in marine clays, dependent on environment, and is governed by the change of gel permeability and viscosity with progressive compaction. The process of syneresis can account for a number of structural features observed within the fault systems, such as tiers of faults, the location of maximum fault throw and growth components at upper fault tips. As such, this paper represents the first attempt to correlate microscale properties of clay-rich sediments to their macroscale seismic character.  相似文献   

黄海地震活动与地震构造的初步研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

赵根模  陈化然 《华北地震科学》1999,17(2):28-35

黄海是东亚大陆边缘盆地中地震较活跃的地区,历史上多次发生大地震,对海岸和海底工程造成威胁。本文依据中国台网记录分析了海域地震活动图象,表明黄海地震活动水平与大陆相似。据聚类分析原则划分地震线,并与已知的大地构造资料进行了比较：表明海域地震线基本反映了海底活断层的轮廓。大型地震线走向北东和北西,可达朝鲜半岛,北东向地震线与黄海莫氏面构造走向一致,表明有深部构造背景。东西向构造也较显著。  相似文献   

Thoughts on the Jiaodong Gold Province of China:Towards a Tectonic Model     

WilliamS.FYFE 《《地质学报》英文版》1999,73(1):1-7

The Jiaodong gold province is situated in the eastern Sino-Korean Platform within the so-calledJiaoliao Uplift. The basement rocks are Archaean and Proterozoic metamorphic rocks. Mesozoic sedimentary andvolcanic cover occur within extensional basins. Intrusive rocks are dominated by Mesozoic granitoid, with interme-diate-acid and basic dyke swarms. The structures form an E-W-trending anticlinorium in the basement complex, andlarge-scale NE-SW-and NNE-SSW-trending fault zones of Mesozoic age. The gold mineralization is associated withthe Mesozoic faults and related secondary fractures in the granites or granite-basement contacts. The mineralizationtypes are quartz-vein type and wall-rock alteration type. Wall-rock alteration is very well developed around the orezones. Alteration minerals include quartz, sericite (and fuchsite), pyrite, calcite, chlorite, hematite, rutile and graph-ite. The ore assemblage is uniform in all deposits, including pyrite, chalcopyrite, galena, sphalerite, arsenopyrite,pyrrhotite, gold, electrum, hessite, petzite, magnetite, molybdenite, tetrahedrite and wolframite. Mesozoic collisionand subduction between the South China and North China continental blocks contributed to formation of the Meso-zoic granitoid intrusions. The granitic magma is considered to be derived from partial melting of the crust throughunderplating processes. Gold was remobilised from basement rocks and deposited in fracture zones by the high-temperature fluids associated with these processes.  相似文献   

两种治理洞庭湖的实用技术     

龙昭陵 《湖南地质》1999,18(4):271-274

精确地测量湖垸高差,是“退田还湖、移民建镇”的科学依据,堤身隐患探测及坝基稳定性评价,是加固干堤的基本前提。ＧＩＳ及高密度电阻率法两种先进实用技术,是项目实施的先进手段。  相似文献   

Kinematics and strain partitioning in the southeast Hellenides (Greece)     

S. Kokkalas  T. Doutsos 《Geological Journal》2004,39(2):121-140

New kinematic and structural data from the tectonic windows of eastern Crete and the Dodecanese Islands combined with strain and quartz fabric analysis have enabled us to determine a detailed structural evolution of the region and to present a plate tectonic scenario for the southeast Hellenides. During the Early Mesozoic, the southeastern part of Apulia was separated from North Africa and the adjacent microplates by WNW‐trending rift zones and NE‐trending transfer faults. Displacement along the transfer faults has locally reoriented these rift zones into an ENE–WSW direction. Finite strain and quartz fabric asymmetry data indicate that in Late Cenozoic time, NNW‐directed nappe movements caused a nearly coaxial deformation along the ENE–WSW trending rift segments and non coaxial top‐to‐the‐southeast shearing along the WNW‐trending rift segments, as well as along the pre‐existing NE‐trending transfer faults. Tectonic style along the margin varies in response to the obliquity of the principal shortening direction with respect to the margin. These variations could be due to the pre‐convergence geometry of the southern margin of Eurasia and to local strain partitioning effects. Furthermore, a tectonic model is presented in which syncompressional uplift and vertical buoyancy of the subducted crustal slice caused the rapid exhumation of metamorphic units in the south Hellenides. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

关中活断层热释光测年     

李秉成 《地球科学与环境学报》1999,(Z1)

本文阐述了主要利用关中活断层中的断层泥进行热释光年龄测定的方法和步骤,得出了１４个数据,比较了一些具有地层层位的数据与用断层坎扩散方程计算出的结果,证明这些数据与用断层坎扩散方程计算出的结果大约有５ ％ ～１０％ 或稍大的误差。从科学发展的现阶段看,这些结果是可信和可用的,关中活断层在２ ～１６－５ 万年期间有一个活跃期  相似文献