烟囱模型竖向冲击振动破坏试验研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

丁世文  王云剑  周四骏 《地震工程与工程振动》1999,19(3):34-36

本文的目的在 囱模型在竖向冲击振动下的破坏现象与地震破坏现象是否相似。实验结果表明在竖向冲击振动下,烟囱只能产生一首 形宾位置与输入波的频率有关。  相似文献   

Facies architecture and geometry of landward-stepping shoreface tongues: the Upper Cretaceous Cliff House Sandstone (Mancos Canyon, south-west Colorado)   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Tina R. Olsen  Donatella Mellere  & Torben Olsen 《Sedimentology》1999,46(4):603-625

The Campanian Cliff House Formation represents a series of individually progradational shoreface tongues preserved in an overall landward-stepping system. In the Mancos Canyon area, the formation consists of four, 50- to 55-m-thick and 10- to 20-km-wide sandstone tongues, which pinch out landwards into lower coastal plain and lagoonal deposits of the Upper Menefee Formation and seawards into offshore shales of the Lewis Shale Formation. Photogrammetric mapping of lithofacies along the steep and well-exposed canyon walls was combined with sedimentary facies analysis and mapping of the detailed facies architecture. Two major facies associations have been identified, one comprising the mostly muddy and organic-rich facies of lagoonal and lower coastal plain origin and one comprising the sandstone-dominated facies of shoreface origin. Key stratigraphic surfaces were identified by combining the mapped geometry of the lithofacies units with the interpretation of depositional processes. The stratigraphic surfaces (master ravinement surface, shoreface/coastal plain contact, transgressive surface, maximum flooding surface and the sequence boundary) allow each major sandstone tongue to be divided into a simple sequence, consisting of a basal transgressive system tract (TST) overlain by a highstand system tract (HST). Within each sandstone tongue, a higher frequency cyclicity is evident. The high-frequency cycles show a complex stacking pattern development and are commonly truncated in the downdip direction by surfaces of regressive marine erosion. The complexities of the Cliff House sandstone tongues are believed to reflect changes in the rate of sea-level rise combined with the responses of the depositional system to these changes. Synsedimentary compaction, causing a thickness increase in the sandstone tongues above intervals of previously uncompacted lagoonal/coastal plain sediments, also played a role. This study of the facies architecture, geometry and sequence stratigraphy of the Cliff House Formation highlights the fact that there may be some problems in applying conventional sequence stratigraphical methods to landward-stepping systems in general. These difficulties stem from the fact that no single stratigraphic surface can easily be identified and followed from the non-marine to the fully marine realm (i.e. from the landward to the basinward pinch-out of the sandstone tongues). In addition, the effects of synsedimentary compaction and changes in the shoreface dynamics are not easily recognized in limited data sets such as from the subsurface.  相似文献   

甘肃北山西部新元古代陆块汇聚与裂解事件的岩石记录     

于海峰  陆松年  修群业  李铨 《华北地质》2000,(2)

甘肃北山西部地处塔里木、柴达木和华北 (阿拉善 )三个前寒武纪地块的交汇部位 ,是受显生宙天山造山带、祁连造山带和阿尔金造山带多次叠加改造的地区。近几年 ,随着新元古代榴辉岩、花岗岩的新发现 ,结合新元古代伟晶岩脉群、辉绿岩墙群和震旦纪未变质沉积盖层 ,初步确定了该地区新元古代陆块汇聚与裂解的地质事件框架。在新元古代早期 ,塔里木地块与柴达木地块可能发生斜向汇聚 ,并以深层次韧性剪切带进行焊接 ,其时间在 913Ma左右。稍后 ,在塔里木地块北部的柳园一带 ,塔里木地块与另一个地块发生碰撞 ,形成了榴辉岩和大面积带状分布的花岗岩 ,其时间在 86 0～ 880Ma左右。之后 ,在经过汇聚的大陆块内部发生裂解 ,形成了两期辉绿岩墙群。随着裂解作用的进一步加强 ,该地区进入到陆相砂砾岩和海相碳酸盐沉积阶段 ,形成了安南坝群沉积建造 ,其时间在 70 0Ma左右。  相似文献   

Reliability Analysis of Ice-Induced Fatigue and Damage in Offshore Engineering Structures   总被引：8，自引：1，他引：7  

《中国海洋工程》2000,14(1)

—In Bohai Gulf,offshore and other installations have collapsed by sea ice due to the fatigueand fracture of the main supporting components in the ice environments.In this paper presented are someresults on fatigue reliability of these structures in the Gulf by investigating the distributions of iceparameters such as its floating direction and speed,sheet thickness,compressive strength,ice forces on thestructures,and hot spot stress in the structure.The low temperature,ice breaking modes and componentfatigue failure modes are also taken into account in the analysis of the fatigue reliability of the offshorestructures experiencing both random ice loading and low temperatures.The results could be applied to thedesign and operation of offshore platforms in the Bohai Gulf.  相似文献   

采用挤压边墙技术的高面板坝裂缝成因分析   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1  

周伟  花俊杰  常晓林  曹艳辉 《岩土力学》2008,29(8):2037-2042

为加快施工进度,国内很多高面板堆石坝都采用了挤压边墙技术,用上游坡面的挤压边墙代替传统的垫层。挤压边墙的施工特点决定了其与上覆面板之间的结构关系将与传统的面板-垫层有很大差别。虽然目前面板坝的施工技术和施工水平较以前有较大的提高,但少数工程仍然出现了比较严重的面板裂缝,而采用挤压边墙技术的面板坝施工期出现的裂缝分布规律与采用面板-垫层施工方法有明显的不同。面板裂缝的产生与面板施工期的应力变形状态密切相关,目前面板堆石坝计算中采用的整体模型方法对面板的概化较多,得到的面板应力精度较差。根据挤压边墙实际的施工特点,提出采用子模型法分析面板的应力变形,对某面板坝工程裂缝成因的分析结果表明,温降和上游坡面局部高程不平整引起的面板与挤压边墙之间的局部约束过大是导致面板裂缝的主要原因。  相似文献   

喷射超高韧性水泥基复合材料加固带裂缝素混凝土梁的力学性能试验研究          下载免费PDF全文

李伟平  穆富江  王激扬  丁海洋  徐世烺 《世界地震工程》2018,34(1):166-172

对既有受损混凝土结构的加固维修是地震灾后重建的重点之一。应用喷射超高韧性水泥基复合材料（UHTCC）的拉伸应变硬化特性,研究了带裂缝混凝土梁底部喷射20mm薄层UHTCC的加固作用。结果表明:薄层喷射UHTCC对混凝土梁的弯曲强度和弯曲刚度有明显的加固作用,可将带预制裂缝的混凝土梁极限承载力提高117.5%,使受损混凝土梁的承载能力恢复到相同尺寸无损混凝土梁承载能力相当的水平;此外混凝土梁底部薄层喷射UHTCC能将裂缝宽度控制在0.1mm以下的微裂缝,有利于提高混凝土梁的耐久性。  相似文献   

地震荷载作用下带裂纹重载铁路隧道的动态断裂          下载免费PDF全文

刘淑红  郑宝瑞  胡青华 《地震工程学报》2018,40(1):1-5

在隧道的施工和运营中,隧道衬砌不可避免会产生裂纹。裂纹和地震荷载的相互作用将加剧隧道的破坏,因此研究带裂纹隧道衬砌地震荷载作用下的破坏具有重要的意义。为了证明本文二维有限元数值模拟计算结果的正确性,首先用相互作用积分的方法计算动载作用下的静态裂纹,并与解析解进行比对,发现二者的吻合性很好。计算结果表明相互作用积分法可以用来精确地计算动载作用下带裂纹结构的动应力强度因子。用这种经过验证的方法来计算带裂纹重载铁路隧道衬砌的动应力强度因子和动承载力安全系数,可以看出在地震荷载作用下,I型裂纹的动应力强度因子在隧道结构的安全中起控制作用。当裂纹的长度大于某特定值时,隧道处于很危险的状态。  相似文献   

地震现场房屋裂缝宽度快速检测     

杨钢  吴建超  蔡永建  乔岳强  胡庆  汤勇 《震灾防御技术》2019,14(1):220-230

为快速对地震现场损坏房屋裂缝宽度进行测量,本文提出运用图像处理技术与单个人工正方形标志的方法对裂缝宽度进行测量。基于数字图像处理技术,并利用MATLAB软件的图像处理功能,对拍摄的真实房屋裂缝图像进行灰度化、二值化、图像去噪、目标区域分割标记和像素标定等处理,计算得到图像中裂缝宽度的最大值。通过与实测数据对比,利用本方法获得房屋裂缝检测数据的识别精度为98.11%。结果表明,本文提出的方法可以有效检测房屋裂缝宽度,且获取图像的分辨率越高,裂缝宽度识别的误差越小。本方法可为地震灾害现场调查中的房屋破坏等级评价工作提供依据。  相似文献   

京西北地区地震重定位分析   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

蔡玲玲  李冬圣  孟立朋  常亮  温超  王宁 《地震地磁观测与研究》2017,38(3):47-52

利用双差地震定位方法,针对京西北地区(39.5°—41.5°N,113.5°—116.5°E)2008—2016年记录的地震进行重新定位,最终得到1819次地震精定位结果。分析表明:地震密集区域多集中分布在NE和NW向断裂交汇区域,成条带的地震走向更加清晰,成簇性地震分布更加收敛,体现了断裂对震中分布具有较强的控制作用;震源深度优势分布主要集中在4—14 km范围,表明京西北地区地震主要发生在的中上地壳;震源深度剖面显示,在不同的地震密集区,孕震深度有一定差别,揭示了断裂的深部展布特征,反映了一些地区深部发震构造的复杂性。  相似文献   

A mixed mode rock fracture model for the prediction of crack path     

R. W. Lewis  B. Koosha 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》1999,23(4):281-294

Crack propagation in rocks is simulated by using a displacement substitution method based on a mixed mode fracture criterion. The main advantage of this model is that it can distinguish between mode I and mode II stress intensity factors simultaneously. A typical finite element program is used to compute displacements adjacent to the crack tip. The maximum circumferential tensile stress is adopted as a ‘yield surface’ for the calculation of the load factor in each crack increment. Pure mode I and mixed mode examples have been analysed to validate the capability of the model. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献