贵州遵义镍-钼富集层中独居石的发现及成因意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陈益平潘家永  胡凯郭国林  严兆彬凡秀君 《岩石矿物学杂志》2007,26(4):340-344

对贵州遵义天鹅山-黄家湾镍-钼富集层中镍-钼矿石进行了电子探针研究,在镍-钼矿石中发现了稀土独立矿物——独居石,呈不规则的细粒、蠕虫状分布于矿石中,并与镍、钼的独立矿物共生;独居石La和Ce的含量高(La2O3含量变化范围为25.70%～30.52%,Ce2O3含量变化范围为22.96%～27.68%),贫Sm、Th(Sm2O3含量的变化范围为0.49%～0.80%,ThO2含量的变化范围为0%～0.19%),具有热液成因独居石的化学成分特征。镍-钼矿石中稀土矿物独居石的发现为镍-钼矿层的热液成因提供了直接的矿物学证据。  相似文献   

The Atmospheric Oxidation of the HS Radical: Reaction with NO2     

Stella M. Resende 《Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry》2007,56(1):21-32

The atmospheric reaction between HS and NO₂ was theoretically investigated at 298 K and 1 atm of pressure. Our results show that the first reaction step will lead to the formation of HSNO₂ or HSONO, spontaneously and exothermically. HSONO easily decomposes into HSO + NO. On the other hand, HSNO₂ can hardly dissociate in the reactants, and its isomerization to other adducts is much hindered. Production of HNO + SO and SNO + OH was found to be unfavorable. Thus, the main products would be HSO + NO and HSNO₂, and new investigations focusing on the atmospheric fate of HSNO₂ are suggested. A general discussion of the fate of HS under atmospheric conditions is presented. Recent investigations indicate that NO₂, O₂ and N₂O should be the most important oxidants of HS, while the O₃ influence will not be significant.  相似文献   

Bioelectricity generation and remediation of sulfide contaminated tidal flat sediment     

《国际泥沙研究》2020,35(1):91-96

A dramatic decrease in the catch of shellfish has been observed due to the high amount of Acid Volatile Sulfide(AVS) in the tidal flats in Japan.In the current study,an evaluation of simultaneous bioelectricity generation and remediation of sulfide contaminated tidal flat sediment has been done.The sediment samples collected from Tokyo Bay and Yamaguchi Bay,Japan,have been used in the laboratory test.A 2 L cylindrical shaped Sediment Microbial Fuel Cell(SMFC) has been used to evaluate the remediation of both sediment samples in the laboratory.Three different electrode materials carbon felt,carbon fiber and bamboo charcoal were used in the experiments to compare their efficiency to reduce the AVS from the sediment and generate bioelectricity.It was observed that the AVS reduction was higher at 5 cm depths for the Tokyo Bay sediment(100%) compared to the Yamaguchi Bay sediment(60%).The larger grain size for the Tokyo Bay sediment was the probable reason for this.The maximum voltage was around 100 and80 mV for Tokyo Bay and Yamaguchi Bay,respectively.  相似文献   

Isometamorphic variations in the reflectance and fluorescence of vitrinite—a key to depositional environment     

C. F. K. Diessel  L. Gammidge 《International Journal of Coal Geology》1998,36(3-4)

Petrographic investigations of serial ply samples from five high- to medium-volatile bituminous coal seams from Australia (4) and Canada (1) reveal substantial in-seam variations in the reflectance and monochromatic microfluorescence intensities of the maceral subgroup telovitrinite. The variations consist of one case of reflectance enhancement and fluorescence suppression, and four cases of reflectance suppression and fluorescence enhancement. The single case of reflectance enhancement and fluorescence suppression is due to the oxidation of the vitrinite nuclei at the sequence boundary between the Bayswater and Upper Wynn seams in New South Wales. The four cases of reflectance suppression and fluorescence enhancement result from the syn- and epigenetic absorption by the vitrinite nuclei of hydrogen donated by, presumably, anaerobic bacteria-generated lipids. Two of the coals are marine-influenced: the Liskeard Seam from the Bowen Basin by combined syngenetic and epigenetic effects, and the Greta Seam from the Sydney Basin mainly by epigenetic contact with sea water. For both coals, the results are strong vitrinite reflectance suppression and fluorescence enhancement. The remaining two coals, the Bulli Seam from the Sydney Basin and a coal seam from the Gates Formation in British Columbia, show moderate epigenetic effects on the optical properties of telovitrinite by fresh-water. In the Bulli Seam which was studied in two adjacent localities, the reflectance suppression and fluorescence enhancement of telovitrinite are stronger under sandstone roof than under shale roof. In some cases, the epigenetic effects are superimposed on syngenetic telovitrinite reflectance and fluorescence variations resulting from the cogeneration and mixing of different telovitrinite precursors, for example, autochthonous roots and hypautochthonous or allochthonous shoots. A measure of the degree of dispersal and mixing is the coefficient of variation of telovitrinite reflectance and/or fluorescence. This coefficient correlates well with detrital minerals and dispersed macerals, e.g., inertodetrinite and, to a lesser extent, sporinite. Some comments are made on slitted so-called pseudovitrinite which is regarded as a telovitrinite that was subjected to very weak post-coalification desiccation and possibly oxidation without losing much of its thermoplastic properties.  相似文献   

论德尔尼黄铁矿型铜钴矿床的地质特征及其与塞浦路斯铜矿的区别   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

段国莲 《化工矿产地质》1998,(4)

通过对德尔尼铜钴矿床与塞浦路斯铜矿的对比,进一步明确了德尔尼铜钴矿床为与印支期黑云花岗岩有成因联系的岩浆热液矿床。矿区的超基性岩或超基性火山角砾岩都是不含矿的,与矿床无成因联系;底辟上升侵位也不存在。将德尔尼铜钴矿床作为火山岩块状硫化物矿床系列中的最基性端员缺乏依据。  相似文献   

Determination of the Platinum-Group Elements and Gold in Twenty Rock Reference Materials by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) after Pre-Concentration by Nickel Sulfide Fire Assay     

Hans-Gerrit Plessen  Jörg Erzinger 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》1998,22(2):187-194

The platinum-group elements (PGE) and gold have been determined in twenty international rock reference materials by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) after pre-concentration by a nickel sulfide fire assay. It was possible to achieve determination limits for a 50 g sample that ranged from 1 pg g^-1 (Rh) to 23 pg g^-1 (Au). Compared to published certified and recommended values for rock reference materials, the trueness of the method was found to be good. However, in some cases we observed large deviations for all elements in the sub 10 ng g^-1 range within individual reference sample splits. Our results show that the PGE and Au are inhomogeneously distributed in the reference materials analysed here, where they are present in low concentrations, using 50 g test portions.  相似文献   

The use of meiofauna as an indicator of benthic organic enrichment associated with salmonid aquaculture   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

Sutherland TF  Levings CD  Petersen SA  Poon P  Piercey B 《Marine pollution bulletin》2007,54(8):1249-1261

Sediment chemistry and meiofaunal samples were collected in the Broughton Archipelago, British Columbia, to examine the relationship between sediment variables and meiofauna diversity across near- and far-field gradients surrounding several finfish aquaculture operations. The sediment variables examined consisted of free sulfide concentrations, redox potential (E(NHE)), organic content, and sediment grain size. A strong trend between sediment texture and organic content was observed across all sampling locations, which reflected a wide range of sediment types (sand-silt) that exist within the Broughton Archipelago. The abundance of certain meiofaunal groups (kinorhynchs, crustaceans, polychaetes) declined in an asymptotic fashion with increasing free sulfide concentrations, an indicator of benthic organic enrichment. Within these relationships, low meiofaunal abundances occurred in fine sediments associated with higher organic contents. Although other groups (nematodes, foraminifera) showed a slight decline in abundance with increasing organic enrichment, a high amount of variability in abundance was observed at high free sulfide concentrations, rendering these groups not suitable as indicators of organic enrichment. This study reports both horizontal and vertical trends in meiofaunal distributions relative to free sulfide concentrations. The abundance of nematode and crustacean taxa decreased with sediment depth as well as increasing sulfide concentration, while polycheate abundance increased with increasing free sulfide concentration. The ratio of nematodes to copepods was also shown to represent the degree of organic loading associated with aquaculture operations and its application as an indicator of benthic impact is discussed.  相似文献   

硼同位素在矿床学中的应用研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

程家龙  赵永鑫  柳丰华 《地质找矿论丛》2010,25(1):65-71

硼在自然界有两种稳定同位素11B和10B,常采用δ(11B)/10-3来表示不同地质体的同位素组成。由于硼同位素在不同地质体中的分馏作用大,在较大温度范围内岩浆-热液流体中的高活动性和化学性质稳定等方面的优势,使硼同位素在地球科学研究中的作用越来越广泛。控制硼同位素分馏的主要因素是硼源。一般情况下,非海相的硼酸盐矿物和与之相关的电气石的δ(11B)值为负值,而在某些盐湖卤水和与海相环境有关的硼酸盐矿物的δ(11B)值则为正值。目前,硼同位素示踪主要应用于块状硫化物矿床、与花岗岩有关的热液矿床以及盐湖矿床的研究。随着硼同位素分馏机制及其在不同环境地质样品中分布特征的深入研究,硼同位素在解决矿床的成矿物质来源、矿床成因和成矿作用等方面将发挥更大的作用。  相似文献   

低温平衡ZnS-PbS-FeS-H_2S四组分体系的热力学分析     

李小伟  莫宣学  赵志丹 《岩石学报》2010,26(10):3153-3157

本文介绍了热力学相图在浅成低温热液硫化物矿床中的应用,并以三江地区金顶铅锌矿床中的矿物含量为例进行定量分析。一方面在相同温度下,浓度与矿物(组合)之间存在对应关系,并且一些矿物(组合)对应特定的酸碱条件,例如在400K和105Pa条件下,黄铁矿与方铅矿的组合在碱性环境下稳定,而方铅矿与闪锌矿的组合在酸性环境中稳定,且酸性条件下当lg[Pb2+]≥-11.29时,才开始出现方铅矿;另一方面对比了298.15K和400K条件下矿物共生组合的及介质pH值的变化情况,并得到400K条件下形成矿物或矿物组合所需离子的浓度更高。  相似文献   

硫化铜矿生物浸出过程热力学研究     

周娥  段东平  陈思明  王晓冬 《盐湖研究》2014,(1):47-55

绘制了Cu-Fe-S-H2O体系在不同温度、反应物浓度条件下的E-pH图。通过分析比较发现,体系反应温度升高,有利于矿物溶解浸出反应的进行,反应物浓度应保持在一定的范围内,更有利于浸出反应的进行;热力学计算的反应物及产物在氧化浸出体系的变化与工业生产基本一致。  相似文献