The effect of oil expulsion or retention on further thermal degradation of kerogen at the high maturity stage: A pyrolysis study of type II kerogen from Pingliang shale,China     

《Organic Geochemistry》2014

High maturity oil and gas are usually generated after primary oil expulsion from source rocks, especially from oil prone type I/II kerogen. However, the detailed impacts of oil expulsion, or retention in source rock on further thermal degradation of kerogen at the high maturity stage remain unknown. In the present study, we collected an Ordovician Pingliang shale sample containing type II kerogen. The kerogens, which had previously generated and expelled oil and those which had not, were prepared and pyrolyzed in a closed system, to observe oil expulsion or oil retention effects on later oil and gas generation from kerogen. The results show that oil expulsion and retention strongly impacts on further oil and gas generation in terms of both the amount and composition in the high maturity stage. Gas production will be reduced by 50% when the expulsion coefficient reaches 58%, and gas from oil-expelled kerogen (less oil retained) is much drier than that from fresh kerogen. The oil expulsion also causes n-alkanes and gas compounds to have heavier carbon isotopic compositions at high maturity stages. The enrichment of ¹³C in n-alkanes and gas hydrocarbons are 1‰ and 4–6‰ respectively, compared to fresh kerogen. Oil expulsion may act as open system opposite to the oil retention that influences the data pattern in crossplots of δ¹³C₂–δ¹³C₃ versus C₂/C₃, δ¹³C₂–δ¹³C₃ versus δ¹³C₁ and δ¹³C₁–δ¹³C₂ versus ln(C₁/C₂), which are widely used for identification of gas from kerogen cracking or oil cracking. These results suggest that the reserve estimation and gas/source correlation in deep burial basins should consider the proportion of oil retention to oil expulsion the source rocks have experienced.  相似文献   

应用XRF-SEM-XRD-FTIR等分析测试技术研究丽水蓝色类欧泊(蛋白石)的矿物学与光学特征   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

严俊  胡仙超  方飚  陶金波  彭秋瑾  张俭 《岩矿测试》2014,33(6):795-801

直至目前,我国相关欧泊的矿藏及其相应的矿物学特征鲜见报道,近期在浙江丽水缙云地区发现的蓝色类欧泊石引起了宝玉石科研工作者的广泛关注,但此矿物的相关研究至今尚未见论述。本文应用X射线荧光光谱(XRF)、场发射扫描电镜(FE-SEM)结合X射线粉晶衍射(XRD)与傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)等多种综合检测技术首次对该类蓝色原矿的矿物学及光学变彩性质进行研究。结果表明:XRF分析显示蓝色原矿的主体化学组成为SiO₂(质量含量95%),仅含极少量的Fe₂O₃与Al₂O₃等杂质。同时,蓝色原矿及其相应的热处理后样品局部区域具有明显的变彩特征,主体的化学组成与其光学特征与天然欧泊的组成及变彩效应类同。XRD分析显示原矿粉体的无机相的晶型为方石英相,衍射峰形锐化,该晶体的结构特征明显相异于天然欧泊即微晶类的蛋白石(Opal-CT)、Opal-C与非晶蛋白石类(Opal-A)。此外,样品的红外光谱与天然欧泊间存在一定的频率位移。鉴于此,初步将该类原矿归属为类欧泊,因蓝色原矿所在地丽水缙云地区属于中生代陆相火山岩的地质,因此进一步将该原矿命名为一类火山岩类的类欧泊石,而有关此类欧泊是否可以归属为广义上的欧泊有待再作商榷。同时基于对蓝色原矿有无变彩效应区域的FE-SEM测试结论,本文初步推测该类矿物的光学变彩特征与原矿表面的“叠瓦状”结构形貌有关。  相似文献   

Depositional and Diagenetic Controls on Sandstone Reservoirs with Low Porosity and Low Permeability in the Eastern Sulige Gas Field,China     

YANG Renchao  FAN Aiping  A. J. van LOON  HAN Zuozhen  WANG Xiuping 《《地质学报》英文版》2014,88(5):1513-1534

In order to determine the genesis and the factors that control the low-porosity and low- permeability sandstone reservoirs in the eastern Sulige Gas Field in the Ordos Basin, systematic studies on the sedimentary facies and diagenesis were conducted by means of analysis of cores, thin sections, fluid inclusions, X-ray diffraction, cathode luminescence and scanning electron microscope. It was found that the sand bodies of the major gas reservoirs in the Shan1 section （P1S1） and the He8 section （P2H8） were formed during the Permian as sedimentary facies such as braided-channel bars, braided-river channels and point bars of a meandering river. Four types of diagenetic facies developed subsequently： in order from the best to the poorest properties these are type A （weak compaction, early calcite cement-chlorite film facies）, type B （moderate compaction, quartz overgrowth-feldspar corrosion-kaolinite filling facies）, type C （strong compaction, late calcite cement-quartz corrosion facies） and type D （matrix filling and strong compaction facies）. This diagenesis is undoubtedly the main reason for the poor reservoir properties of sandstone reservoirs, but the sedimentary facies are the underlying factors that greatly affect the diagenesis and thus the reservoir performance. Favorable diagenetic facies developed mainly in relatively small lithofacies such as braided-river channels, channel bars and point bars. The vertical distribution of the physical properties and the diagenetic facies of the reservoirs are related to the stratigraphic succession. Most of the sandstones between mudstones and thin beds of sandstone are unfavorable diagenetic facies. Analyses indicate that siliceous cementation can hardly be stopped by hydrocarbon filling. Authigenic chlorite could hardly protect the primary porosity. It not only occupies pore space, but also blocks pathways through sandstone reservoirs, so that it has significant influence on the permeability. Authigenic chlorite cannot be used as a marker for a  相似文献   

吉林省松嫩平原地下水超采形势分析     

邢凤梅  孙宝印 《吉林地质》2014,(2):85-89

通过对松嫩平原地下水超采形势分析,掌握地下水资源的补给及开发利用状况、地下水位下降趋势情况,为监测、监督地下水的过量开采与污染、保护、合理利用地下水资源,促进地下水可持续利用提供基础数据与决策依据。依据近10年地下水水位、水质监测数据,采用超采系数法、地下水位下降速率法,结合地下水资源均衡和地下水水质污染情况,通过数值模拟、数理统计、条件类比、地质分析等方法,综合分析确定地下水超采形势。  相似文献   

吉林万昌地热储量计算与评价     

赵依  姚旭菲  金英三 《吉林地质》2014,(4)

通过水文地质调查、水文地质钻探查明该区地热条件,近似平均地热梯度是每千米25℃左右。通过热储模型计算出工作区的储热层厚度计算值为56.67 m,同时也估算出研究区的热储量。根据国家相关规范,对区域地热资源进行了温度及规模分级,该地热田属于小型规模。研究结果为开发利用地热资源提供科学依据。  相似文献   

北部湾盆地涠西南凹陷流沙港组烃源岩生烃潜力评价     

谢瑞永  黄保家  李旭红  游君君 《江苏地质》2014,38(4):670-675

涠西南凹陷主力烃源岩流沙港二段沉积时期,盆地处于欠补偿环境,其主要沉积物是中深湖相的暗色泥岩,地震上以亚平行、中—弱振幅、不连续的反射特征为主;流沙港组二段泥岩有机碳质量分数普遍大于1.5%,干酪根类型主要为Ⅰ和Ⅱ型,为优质生油岩。通过盆地模拟,得出涠西南凹陷流沙港组源岩生油量为114×108t,生气量为22.31×1011m3,累计生烃强度基本上大于5×106t/km2;平面上A洼生烃占41%,B洼生烃占54%,纵向上流沙港组二段生烃约占流沙港组生烃量的80%,为主要烃源贡献者;涠西南凹陷存在2期生油高峰期：涠洲组沉积时期及下洋—现今沉积时期。在综合考虑油气运聚单元划分结果、骨架砂体及断层展布与发育特征的基础上,指出了涠西南凹陷有利的油气运聚区。  相似文献   

水文地质参数对浅层地温能的影响分析     

朱常春  刘佩贵  周蜜 《地下水》2014,(5):26-28

以丘陵地区某医院水源热泵系统为例,在建立耦合数学模型的基础上,利用TOUGH2软件,讨论含水层孔隙度以及渗透系数对潜水水热运移的影响,定量评价对热泵采能区域的温度场演化影响。在该研究区特定地质及水文地质条件下,含水层有效孔隙度和渗透系数等水文地质参数对热泵采能区域的温度场演化影响较明显。从而为研究类似地区的地下水环境变化有一定的借鉴意义。  相似文献   

地震勘探基于波场分离的逆时偏移去噪方法     

张书杰  ;薛霆虓 《云南地质》2014,(2):250-253

基于双程波动方程的逆时偏移（RTM）具有原理简单、无倾角限制、可以适用于速度任意变化的模型,并具有对各类波正确成像等优点,是当今最好的偏移方法之一.本文阐述了逆时偏移存在的缺陷并分析了低频噪声的产生机制,重点探讨了使用波场分离的逆时偏移去噪方法,并通过模型的试算证明了该方法的有效性.  相似文献   

四川盆地龙泉山含油气构造浅层天然气对隧道工程危害研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

苏培东  廖军兆  王奇  文黎 《工程地质学报》2014,22(6):1287-1293

龙泉山是具备油气生储盖组合的含油气构造,出露侏罗系和白垩系非煤系地层,有7个构造高点,节理裂隙发育,是浅层天然气有利聚集区,沙溪庙组砂岩是浅层天然气主要储层。已建达成铁路炮台山隧道和成-简快速通道龙泉山2#隧道在施工中都出现浅层天然气燃烧和爆炸现象。拟建的成洛大道东延线、成安渝高速公路和成渝客专又将以隧道方式通过龙泉山含油气构造,故研究浅层天然气对隧道危害有重要意义。通过现场8座隧道共20个钻孔天然气浓度测试,发现8座隧道均有浅层天然气显示,天然气最高浓度8.654%,最低浓度0.081%, 8座隧道均受到天然气危害。研究表明,隧道所处构造位置和地层岩性是隧道受浅层天然气危害大小的主要影响因素,隧道离含油气构造高点越近,在穿越裂隙发育的地层时,其钻孔天然气浓度越高,隧道受浅层天然气危害越大。  相似文献   

模糊综合评判在拉萨地温开发地质环境评价中的应用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

罗水莲  马利群  谢烈平 《四川地质学报》2014,(4):632-636

影响拉萨市浅层地温能地质环境质量的因素主要有地质环境背景、第四系及含水层因素、水量环境因素、水质环境因素等四大类,对四大类影响因素及其下一级因子进行层次分析和模糊数学模型的构建,确定其隶属度函数,计算各因子的权重值。利用GIS的属性赋值与空间分析,对地质环境质量评价区进行网格划分,计算出各网格单元的模糊质量指数值,绘制了模糊质量指数等值线,在此基础上对拉萨市浅层地温能地质环境质量进行了评价。  相似文献