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71.
定量求取原油的成熟度是目前尚未有效解决的问题。Mango发现4个C7的异构化合物相对组成有显著的不变性,提出了稳态催化轻烃成因模式。据该模式的2,4-/2,3-二甲基戊烷比值是一项纯温度参数,Bement和Mango等建立了该轻烃温度参数与埋深温度的函数关系式用于原油生成温度计算,为定量研究原油成熟度提供了新思路。本文以塔中地区为例,计算了原油的Mango参数,得到原油K1平均为1.06,在Mango给出的相对稳定范围。应用原油生成温度公式计算的原油生成温度为120~129℃,折算镜质组反射率R。=0.88%~0.90%,与新藿烷成熟度参数反映的成熟度特征相一致,说明该方法是可靠的。 相似文献
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基于三旋转自由度激光经纬仪的结构光工程测量原理与应用 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
围绕具有三旋转自由度的激光经纬仪,阐述它在封闭构筑物测量中应用的优越性,提出结构光工程测量中各种扫描关系式的解算式,并用实例证明所述理论的正确性与高效率。 相似文献
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青藏高原多,少雪年后期西北干旱区降水的对比分析 总被引:17,自引:5,他引:12
利用1957-1990年高原地区的雪深,地面气温,地温以及西北干旱区部分站强降水量资料等,进行了高原地区多,少雪年积雪特下,地震热状况以及西北干旱区的期降水量的对比分析和相关分析。 相似文献
76.
利用扫描近场光学显微镜观测并分析了两种表面等离子体激元纳米结构对表面等离子体激元(SPP)的激发和聚焦现象. 用线偏振光照射有半个周期相位差的环状沟槽结构与有半个周期位相差的环状狭缝结构,得到了单点的SPP聚焦. 有限时域差分法的模拟结果验证了实验中观测的现象. 这两种相位错位的表面等离子体激元纳米结构,突破了由于干涉导致的线偏振光不能得到单个聚焦点的限制. 与采用径向偏振光激发而得到单个聚焦点的方法相比,线偏振光不需要聚焦,也不需要将光束中心对准纳米结构的几何中心即可得到单点聚焦. 相似文献
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Coloured dissolved organic matter (CDOM) in Southern North Sea waters: Optical characterization and possible origin 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The variability and origin of the Coloured Dissolved Organic Matter (CDOM) were studied in the Belgian coastal and adjacent areas including offshore waters and the Scheldt estuary, through the parameters: absorption at 375 nm, aCDOM(375), and the slope of the absorption curve, S. aCDOM(375) varied between 0.20 and 1.31 m−1 and between 0.97 and 4.30 m−1 in the marine area and Scheldt estuary, respectively. S fluctuated between 0.0101 and 0.0203 nm−1 in the marine area and between 0.0167 and 0.0191 nm−1 in the Scheldt estuary. The comparative analysis of aCDOM(375) and S variations evidenced different origins of CDOM in the BCZ. The Scheldt estuarine waters showed decreasing aCDOM(375) values with increasing salinity but constant S value of ∼0.018 nm−1 suggesting a dominant terrestrial origin of CDOM. On the contrary, samples collected in the marine domain showed a narrow range of aCDOM(375) but highly variable S suggesting the additional presence of autochthonous sources of CDOM. This source was evidenced based on the sorting of the marine offshore data according to the stage of the phytoplankton bloom when they were collected. A clear distinction was made between CDOM released during the growth stage characterized by high S (∼0.017 nm−1) and low aCDOM(375) and the decay phase characterized by low S (∼0.013 nm−1) and high aCDOM(375). This observation was supported by CDOM measurements performed on pure phytoplankton cultures which showed increased CDOM release along the wax and wane of the bloom but decreasing S. We concluded that the high variability of the CDOM signature in offshore waters is explained by the local biological production and processing of CDOM. 相似文献
80.
The day–night cycle is one of the strongest geophysical cycles modulating species' behavioral rhythms. However, in deep-water continental margins, where light intensity decreases over depth, interspecific competition may alter behavioral responses to day–night cycles. The burrowing decapod crustacean Nephrops norvegicus is a large-size predator in benthic communities, exerting despotic territorial behavior. In this study, we analysed how the effect of light intensity cycles on decapod behavioral rhythms is reduced as one moves from shelves to slopes. In the Western Mediterranean, the predatory behavior and interspecific competition for substrate use of Nephrops increases moving from the shelf (100–110 m) to the slope (400–430 m). Vector fitting and generalized additive models were used to assess the effect of light intensity and behavioral rhythms of N. norvegicus on the temporal variation of prey decapods co-occurring in trawl tow catches carried out on the shelf and the slope during October 1999 and June 2000. The combination of diel variations in light intensity and N. norvegicus abundance influences the activity rhythms of prey decapods in a depth- and seasonal-dependent manner. Light modulation is stronger on the shelf and weaker on the slope, where Nephrops population size is greater. Although present regression analysis does not necessarily imply a direct cause–effect relationship between rhythms of predators and prey, we suggest that Nephrops alters the temporal patterning in the behavior of its prey on the slope, where light intensity is reduced. This alteration is stronger in endobenthic species than in benthopelagic species; the former rely on bottom substrate for the expression of behavioral rhythms, experiencing stronger interspecific competitions with Nephrops at time of activity. 相似文献