城镇土地定级与基准地价评估系统开发及应用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

樊翔云付廷庆  张秋义范洪一林学金  刘光辉 《地理信息世界》2005,3(B08):60-64

通过分析当前城镇土地定级与基准地价评估的现状，总结了新形势下城镇土地定级与估价对GIS软件提出的客观要求，阐述了基于大型全组件式GIS软件SuperMap GIS的城镇土地定级与基；住地价评估信息系统解决方案的系统设计、功能设计和开发应用。该解决方案成功地应用于松原市城镇土地定级与基准地价评估工作，建成了功能强大、技术领先的决策分析型城镇土地定级与基准地价评估信息系统。系统的成功应用不仅完成了松原市城镇土地定级与基准地价更新平衡工作，而且为国土资源局提供了基于一体化数据库的定级估价成果管理和查询，成功地实现了基于SuperMap的决策分析型国土资源业务应用信息系统的构建。  相似文献   

连续形变观测的异常综合指数SAD   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

张雁滨  蒋骏  张燕  李胜乐 《地震》2001,21(1):33-38

主要介绍了连续形变异常信息的综合指数SAD值的有关研究。在连续形变观测单项异常分析方法和参量研究的基础上，异常综合指数SAD较全面地综合了多种前兆参量和方法及同一测点的多台仪器观测信息，并顾及了不同台站之间的不同观测情况，所获得的结果较真实，更具可信度。可作为判定台站连续形变观测综合异常程度的判定值。此外，还对华北及川滇地区几次强震前SAD值的变化进行了分析。结果表明，强震前半年时段,地区的连续形变观测点的SAD值会有一个显增高（SAD值从平时的0．1－0．3的变化范围，增高到0．5以上）的前兆过程。特别是震中及邻近地区100多公里范围内的测点，SAD值出现显的高值异常（达0．6以上），未来强震则发生在SAD值在0．6以上的分布地区。异常综合指数SAD值反映了监测区内与强震有关的连续形变前兆性异常程度和危险程度，可用于对未来强震的预测。但需要有合理的观测布局及一定的观测密度作为前提。  相似文献   

On the physical essence of the b value for AE of rock tests and natural earthquakes in terms of fracture mechanics     

Xiangchu Yin  Shiyu Li  Hong Li 《地震学报(英文版)》1988,1(4):30-40

The problem of physical essence of theb value forAE of rock tests and natural earthquakes has been a controversial topic during the past two decades. In the present paper the order and energy of each microfracturing of the microcrack system existing in a rock specimen is discussed from the viewpoint of fracture mechanics, then the whole series ofAE and subsequently the value ofb are determined. The order of microfracturing depends on the parametersKei/Kci whereKei is the effective stress intensity factor of thei-th microcrack andKci is the fracture toughness in the site of thei-th crack. The energy of eachAE can be expressed asηi ∫ loili Gids whereG is the energy release rate of microcarck,loi andli are the original and final crack lengths respectively andηi is the emanating efficiency for thei-th crack. If we assume that the distribution density function of microcrack lengthl isp(l)=Bl−v whereB andγ are constants, then the expressionb=3γ/2 can be deduced. Hence, we have come to the conclusion that the value ofb mirrors essentially the “crack-system-configuration” of the material, which means the distribution of the sizes, shapes and orientations of microcracks over space as well as the distribution of the other relevant physical parameters such as fracture toughness, friction coefficient, etc. Our conclusion is somewhat similar in character to Mogi’s. He concluded thet the heterogeneity of the material plays the most important role in determining the value ofb. The term heterogeneity of course covers the idea of “crack-system-configuration, but we think that our view has a little bit deeper insight to the problem than that of Mogi. This subject is supported by Chinese Joint Seismological Science Foundation.  相似文献   

中型医院CT室实施QA,QC原则的初探     

李建平 《CT理论与应用研究》1996,5(2):25-29

本文介绍了采用中国推广普及型ＣＴ，根据世界卫生组织提出的ＱＡ、ＱＣ体系的原则，制定中型医院ＣＴ室“ＣＴ室组织行为规范”，“ＣＴ扫描技术规范”；“ＣＴ诊断技术规范”。  相似文献   

Reaktion von Sedimenten unterschiedlicher Herkunft unter oxidierenden Bedingungen in Abhängigkeit vom pH-Wert     

G. Grbe  F. H. Frimmel 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》1996,24(4):161-167

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Large gaps in voluntary sustainability commitments covering the global cocoa trade     

《Global Environmental Change》2023

The production and trade of agricultural commodities, such as cocoa, have important impacts on farmer livelihoods and the environment, prompting a growing number of companies to adopt public commitments to address sustainability issues in their value chains. Though trading companies, who handle the procurement and export of these commodities, are key actors in corporate sustainability efforts, cross-country data on their identity, market share, and adoption of sustainability commitments is lacking. Here, we address this gap for the cocoa sector by compiling detailed shipping data from eight countries responsible for 80% of global cocoa exports, developing a typology of trader types, and assessing their adoption of sustainability commitments. We find that cocoa trading is a highly concentrated market: seven transnational companies handled 62% of the global cocoa trade, with even larger shares in individual cocoa producing countries. The remaining 38% of exports were handled by domestic trading companies and farmer cooperatives. Overall, the adoption of public sustainability commitments is low. We estimated that just over one quarter (26%) of cocoa is traded under some form of sustainability commitment, with gaps arising from their exclusion of indirect sourcing, low adoption rates by domestic traders, and commitment blind spots, notably on forest degradation and farmer incomes. Low rates of traceability and transparency pose a further barrier to the broadscale implementation and monitoring of these commitments: one-quarter of traders report being able to trace at least some of their cocoa back to farmer cooperatives and only half of them openly disclose the identity of their suppliers. We discuss the opportunities and limitations of voluntary sustainability commitments in a highly concentrated market and argue that, to realize visions of sustainable trade, the gaps in commitment coverage must be closed by extending current efforts to smaller traders and indirect suppliers. However, companies must support, coordinate and align with government efforts so that voluntary initiatives are ultimately rendered more transparent and accountable.  相似文献   

离散点生成不规则三角网     

程震 《现代测绘》2008,31(6)

三角网是地学建模中最为基本的一种网络,由离散点生成不规则三角网是三角网生成过程中遇到的一种非常普遍的情况。本文研究离散点生成不规则三角网的逐点内插算法及实现过程中需要注意的若干问题,详细阐述由离散点数据如何逐步生成不规则三角网并给出了实现结果。  相似文献   

滇中林柱状旅游地质景观赏析   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

杨世瑜 《云南地质》2008,27(1):62-73

滇中林柱状旅游地质景观是造型奇异、极具旅游吸引力的高品级旅游景观,具有极高的旅游价值。滇中林柱状旅游地质景观已开发成旅游胜地,是地质资源旅游资源化的范例。从旅游角度探讨林柱状旅游地质景观的赏析,以期进一步开展旅游地质景观的深层次研究。  相似文献   

广州市生态系统服务价值空间异质性变化     

胡应龙  陈颖彪  郑子豪  吴志峰  李娟娟  杨智威 《热带地理》2018,38(4):475-486

基于广州市2004―2016年土地利用分类成果,通过CA-Markov模型模拟预测2020年土地利用状况,结合格网分析法构建广州市2004―2020年的生态系统服务价值（Ecosystem Services Value,ESV）密度格网,并展开Getis-Ord热点区分析和圈层分析评估,分析广州市快速城市化进程土地利用变化对ESV变化过程和影响的空间异质性。结果表明：1）广州市快速城市化进程中,建设用地扩张占用了大量生态用地,建设用地面积从2004年的1 320 km2扩张到2016年约2 000 km2,预计2020年将达到2 263.63 km2,生态用地斑块日趋破碎化;2）2004―2016年间,广州市ESV总值累计减少了92.41亿元,年均减少约8.4亿元,预计2016―2020年其继续减少但减速会放缓;3）ESV高值区域的格网数量净减少近18%,低值区域的格网数量净增加约46%,局部区域生态系统服务功能的改善难以抵消快速城市化造成的ESV损失;4）广州市ESV变化呈现局部空间自相关现象,高冷区常年集聚分布在花都区和番禺―南沙一带,高热区从集聚分布于东北部逐渐变成为零星分布;5）ESV圈层格局从中心城区向外围区（核心区、近郊区、边缘区和外围区）呈“低―低―中―高”向“低―低―低―高”的结构特征演变,地处城市边缘的近郊区域和边缘区域逐渐形成空间异质性最突出的城乡交错带。  相似文献   

水资源价值模型评价研究   总被引：25，自引：0，他引：25  

姜文来  武霞  林桐枫 《地球科学进展》1998,13(2):178-183

水资源价值是指水资源使用者为了获得水资源使用权需要支付给水资源所有者的货币额,它与水价是不同的概念,合理的水价应包括水资源价值。目前可以用来求算水资源价值的模型不同程度地存在各种问题,必须加以完善和发展。影子价格模型只反映水资源的稀缺程度和水资源与总体经济效益之间的关系,其结果不能代替水资源价值;边际机会成本模型存在着应用困难较大、替代选择多样性、结论缺乏可比性、忽略了水质等问题;供求价格模型仅仅通过水资源量决定水资源价值是不科学的;模糊数学模型是潜力较大的最新模型,其缺点是影响水资源的各项因素的模糊评价较复杂,权重的确定是多样的。  相似文献