云南强震的动力探讨   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张椒蓉  赵洪声 《地震研究》1994,(2)

本文应用近年来多种地球物理方法对东亚及云南地区应力场、地壳上地幔构造研究成果，探讨了造成云南多震及大震空间分布特征的动力来源。由于印度板块与亚欧板块的碰撞挤压及青藏高原的高差作用使高原物质向东漫流，受到扬子准古陆及华南地块的阻挡，于是沿其焊接边界应力集中产生大震。加之本、非稳态热、介质的化学组成及物理状态等因素的综合作用造就了云南大震的空间分布特征。  相似文献   

中国大陆8级巨震生成背景研究     

赵洪声 《内陆地震》1994,8(1):8-11

中国大陆８级巨震群体活动的盛衰起伏，紧随全球整体活动的变化而变，并明显地受到太阳活动长期变化的调制。就个体巨震孕育而言，其供能机制可造成周围数千公里构造应力场持续多年的剧烈增强。因此，对于震级为８级的巨大地震的预测问题，必须在极为广阔的研究视野中探讨。  相似文献   

1988年澜沧—耿马地震的预报速报与对策     

姜葵  刘祖荫 《地震研究》1989,12(4):285-299

1988年11月6日,在云南省澜沧、耿马相继发生了7.6级、7.2级地震。这次地震前曾经作过准确的中长期预报。在1985年完成1986年出版的南北地震带未来十年地震危险性研究报告和预测图中,澜沧、耿马地区就是两个圈定的7级危险区中的一个。1986年该报告正式上报云南省人民政府。1987年起该区域为我省的地震危险性监视区。1988年除加强监视外,我们还加强了一系列大震对策措施的准备工作。1988年8月该区地震活动增强,我局派出的现场考察组向当地政府作了汇报,并指出该区仍存在着严重的地震危险性。与此同时,省局科技人员对该区作出了一系列不同程度的短期预报,并向当地打了招呼,当地政府采取了一定的措施。遗憾未能作出临震预报。大震发生后,我局昆明遥测台网仅7分钟定了位置和震级,并报告了国家地震局和省政府,及时为抗震救灾提供可靠的科学依据。震后2.5小时,现场监测队伍就出发了。在大震现场仅三天内就作出了地震趋势判断,也较好地作出了强余震的预报,有力地组织了地震考察及地震知识宣传。这一系列的大震对策工作极大地推动了现场的抗震救灾工作,减轻了震灾的继续发生及其带来的巨大的心理和社会影响。整个澜沧—耿马地震的预报、速报及大震对策工作在国内外都是一次较高水平的科学实践,得到了中央慰问团及  相似文献   

The stability and behavior of a frictional system with a two state variable constitutive law     

Michael L. Blanpied  Terry E. Tullis 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1986,124(3):415-444

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北京及邻区现代微震重新定位及其构造含义   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

汪素云  许忠淮  俞言祥  环文林 《中国地震》1995,11(3):222-230

本文采用Ｐｏｗｅｌｌ直接搜索定位方法对北京西北地区（３９°－４１°Ｎ，１１４°－１１７°Ｅ）１９７９—１９９２年３月发生的３４８个地震重新定位。通过震相到时的复核和补充、定位速度结构模型的修定以及定位程序的改进等措施，改善了定位效果。结果表明，重新定位后给出震源深度的地震数从原来的１３２个增至３１３个；定位结果均方根残差的均值从０．８０±０．４０ｓ降至０．４５±０．１８ｓ；各台Ｐ波到时残差下降；有近１０％的地震震中位置移动了１０ｋｍ以上，它们多位于北京地震遥测台网边缘地区。重新定位后的地震震中集中分布于怀安、宣化、怀来、琢鹿等山间盆地内部并与盆地边缘断裂有关。此外，地震还分布于山区和平原的交界地带。  相似文献   

新疆钻孔应变异常特征及其与地震三要素关系研究     

蒋靖祥  许风柱  闫均科 《内陆地震》1995,(2)

将新疆高精度钻孔应变仪１０年来观测到的应变异常划分为趋势异常、短期异常、临震异常三类，并对这三种异常的特征进行了分析总结．认为，地震三要素与应变异常参量关系密切，震级与异常量级、震中距有着确定性关系。  相似文献   

Application of stress-pore pressure coupling theory for porous media to the Xinfengjiang reservoir earthquakes   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Li-Ying Shen  Bao-Qi Chang 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1995,145(1):123-137

Theory of the coupling of stress-pore pressure in the saturated, elastic porous media is used in the study of the formation mechanism of the Xinfengjiang reservoir-induced earthquakes. Based on the results, it is believed that compared with the mechanism of additional stress in the vicinity of the reservoir, the mechanism of the coupling of additional stress and pore pressure may be more well-founded for the occurrence of reservoir-induced earthquakes.  相似文献   

云南地区断层形变群体异常与成组强震   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘强  石绍先 《地震研究》2005,28(3):219-225

运用前兆综合信息量S、前兆群体非均匀度ID以及近源异常凸现值NS的数学分析这三种方法，对云南地区1982～2004年跨断层短基线短水准资料进行了分析处理．结果表明，在云南地区Ms≥6强震前断层彤变群体异常显著，尤其是成组强震前，群体异常信息较为丰富。  相似文献   

Coseismic and post-seismic signatures of the Sumatra 2004 December and 2005 March earthquakes in GRACE satellite gravity   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Isabelle Panet  Valentin Mikhailov  Michel Diament  Fred Pollitz  Geoffrey King  Olivier de Viron  Matthias Holschneider  Richard Biancale  Jean-Michel Lemoine 《Geophysical Journal International》2007,171(1):177-190

The GRACE satellite mission has been measuring the Earth's gravity field and its temporal variations since 2002 April. Although these variations are mainly due to mass transfer within the geofluid envelops, they also result from mass displacements associated with phenomena including glacial isostatic adjustment and earthquakes. However, these last contributions are difficult to isolate because of the presence of noise and of geofluid signals, and because of GRACE's coarse spatial resolution (>400 km half-wavelength). In this paper, we show that a wavelet analysis on the sphere helps to retrieve earthquake signatures from GRACE geoid products. Using a wavelet analysis of GRACE geoids products, we show that the geoid variations caused by the 2004 December ( M _w= 9.2) and 2005 March ( M _w= 8.7) Sumatra earthquakes can be detected. At GRACE resolution, the 2004 December earthquake produced a strong coseismic decrease of the gravity field in the Andaman Sea, followed by relaxation in the area affected by both the Andaman 2004 and the Nias 2005 earthquakes. We find two characteristic timescales for the relaxation, with a fast variation occurring in the vicinity of the Central Andaman ridge. We discuss our coseismic observations in terms of density changes of crustal and upper-mantle rocks, and of the vertical displacements in the Andaman Sea. We interpret the post-seismic signal in terms of the viscoelastic response of the Earth's mantle. The transient component of the relaxation may indicate the presence of hot, viscous material beneath the active Central Andaman Basin.  相似文献   

Archaeoseismological investigation of the ancient Ayla site in the city of Aqaba,Jordan     

Eid A. Al-Tarazi  Andrey M. Korjenkov 《Natural Hazards》2007,42(1):47-66

Many tens of severe earthquake damage patterns were revealed at the ancient city of Ayla. The seismic deformation patterns are of various types, including systematic tilting of walls, systematic shifting and rotation of wall fragments and individual stones, arch deformations and joints crossing two or more stones. Features of later repair, supporting walls and secondary use of building stones suggest that the damage patterns can be explained by two historical devastating earthquakes: (I) revealed in the constructions built during the late Rashidun period (644–656 A.D.); (II) revealed in the structures restored and/or built during the Fatimid period (1050–1116 A.D.). The maximum observed intensity of both earthquakes at the studied site was not less than IX (EMS98 scale). The sources of the seismic events were probably the Dead Sea Transform and Wadi Araba Faults that cross the site obliquely. The last 1995 Nuweiba earthquake with maximum observed intensity VIII has also left its clear traces in the excavated ancient Ayla buildings. The severity of the destruction was significantly increased because of site effects.  相似文献