Late Holocene sedimentary changes in floodplain and shelf environments of the Tagus River (Portugal)     

Geert-Jan Vis  Cornelis Kasse  Simon Jung  Alexander Prick 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2010,121(2):203-217

Sedimentary changes during the last ∼2500 years have been reconstructed from cored sedimentary records from the deltaic floodplain of the Lower Tagus Valley and the Tagus mudbelt on the continental shelf offshore Lisbon. We used a multi-proxy approach consisting of sedimentology, grainsize, pollen data and magnetic susceptibility. In the floodplain grainsize coarsened and sedimentation rate and magnetic susceptibility increased during the late Holocene due to an increased flooding frequency and/or intensity. On the Tagus shelf the mudbelt grainsize fined, together with a higher sedimentation rate and increased magnetic susceptibility. The fining grainsize is explained by an increased suspended sediment flux towards the shelf and subdued winnowing. Floodplain and shelf records were correlated by radiocarbon dating and changes in sediment characteristics. We identified four depositional phases (∼2300/∼1600/∼1100/∼670 cal BP) on the floodplain and the shelf. These are tentatively explained by land-use changes in the Tagus catchment.  相似文献   

NUMERICAL EXPERIMENT ON THE EFFECT OF URBANIZATION UPON SUMMER LAND-SEA BREEZES IN THE COASTLAND OF GUANGXI     

文伟俊  沈桐立  丁治英  宋洁慧 《热带气象学报(英文版)》2010,16(3):263-270

The 2003–2006 observations were utilized to analyze the surface characteristics of summer land-sea breezes along the coastland of Guangxi and the Weather Research and Forecast model was applied to simulate the breeze structure on August 1–2,2006.Results show that 1) the intensity and distributions of the breezes reproduced from improved urban underlying surface were close to observations.In the daytime the coastwise urban band was a convergent belt of sea breeze,corresponding to the centers of torrential rains;in the nighttime hours the surface of the Gulf of Tonkin (the Vietnamese name) or the Northern Bay (the Chinese name) acted as a convergent zone of land breezes,likely to produce convective cloud cluster;2) the experiment on urbanization showed the heat island effect enhancing (weakening) the sea (land) breeze development.Furthermore,the heat island effect mitigated the atmospheric cooling via radiation over the cities in the night,weakening sinking motion correspondingly,thereby suppressing the dominant factor responsible for the steady development of temperature inversion.As a result,the inversion vigor was reduced greatly,but nevertheless no strong effect of the decreased subsidence was found upon the inversion height.  相似文献   

footprint方法在湍流扩散分析中的应用     

夏兰  陈辉  卞林根 《气候与环境研究》2010,15(3):269-278

引入通量footprint分析方法,结合广西白龙核电厂拟建厂址的湍流实测资料,分析了观测站点不同方向上的通量footprint,并由此确定了水平扩散尺度及水平扩散时间,最终估算了水平扩散参数。与环境评价导则中推荐的扩散时间计算所得的水平扩散参数进行了对比分析。结果表明,离岸流的扩散参数比向岸流大,有利于湍流扩散,从而证明扩散参数具有偏保守性和局地扩散的特性。分析表明,footprint方法在湍流扩散参数分析中具有实际的应用价值。  相似文献   

华南沿海地区车载风廓线雷达资料的分析与应用     

王志春  植石群  丁凌云  刘尉  黄俊 《气候与环境研究》2013,18(2):195-202

对系统风较小时车载风廓线雷达探测资料与气球探空资料进行了对比, 发现二者一致性较好, 并应用车载风廓线雷达探测资料分析了探测期间惠来海陆风的空间结构和时间演替规律。同时分析了车载风廓线雷达探 测到的“灿都”台风资料, 结果表明车载风廓线雷达对台风外围下沉气流区高空风的三维结构有较强的探测能 力, 能有效地探测到台风登陆过程中地面到高空的水平风切变和垂直气流切变过程, 有助于提高沿海地区防台风抗台风能力。  相似文献   

印度夏季风的减弱及其与对流层温度的关系   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4       下载免费PDF全文

何立富  武炳义  管成功 《气象学报》2005,63(3):365-373

对43aNCEP/NCAR再分析资料和台站实际观测资料的分析,揭示了对流层温度变化和印度夏季风环流减弱之间的联系。印度夏季风的变化与东亚上空对流层温度具有密切的关系,主要表现为对流层平均温度与整个印度夏季降雨和季风环流强度之间存在显著的正相关。结果表明:印度夏季风环流在近几十年经历了两次减弱过程,第一次减弱约发生在20世纪60年代中期,第二次减弱则发生在20世纪70年代后期;通过改变海陆热力对比,对流层平均温度在印度夏季风减弱过程中可能起着重要作用,东亚地区与东印度洋至西太平洋热带地区之间的对流层温度差异导致了印度夏季风环流的减弱。  相似文献   

Ground-based remote sensing observation of the complex behaviour of the Marseille boundary layer during ESCOMPTE   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

H. Delbarre  P. Augustin  F. Saïd  B. Campistron  B. Bnech  F. Lohou  V. Puygrenier  C. Moppert  F. Cousin  P. Frville  E. Frjafon 《Atmospheric Research》2005,74(1-4):403-433

Ground-based remote sensing systems have been used during the ESCOMPTE campaign, to continuously characterize the boundary-layer behaviour through many atmospheric parameters (wind, extinction and ozone concentration distribution, reflectivity, turbulence). This analysis is focused on the comparison of the atmospheric stratification retrieved from a UV angular ozone lidar, an Ultra High Frequency wind profiler and a sodar, above the area of Marseille, on June 26th 2001 (Intensive Observation Period 2b). The atmospheric stratification is shown to be very complex including two superimposed sea breezes, with an important contribution of advection. The temporal and spatial evolution of the stratification observed by the UV lidar and by the UHF radar are in good agreement although the origin of the echoes of these systems is quite different. The complexity of the dynamic situation has only partially been retrieved by a non-hydrostatic mesoscale model used with a 3 km resolution.  相似文献   

Impact of the Rhône and Durance valleys on sea-breeze circulation in the Marseille area   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Sophie Bastin  Philippe Drobinski  Alain Dabas  Patricia Delville  Oliver Reitebuch  Christian Werner 《Atmospheric Research》2005,74(1-4):303-328

Sea-breeze dynamics in the Marseille area, in the south of France, is investigated in the framework of the ESCOMPTE experiment conducted during summer 2001 in order to evaluate the role of thermal circulations on pollutant transport and ventilation. Under particular attention in this paper is the sea-breeze channelling by the broad Rhône valley and the narrow Durance valley, both oriented nearly-north–south, i.e., perpendicular to the coastline, and its possible impact on the sea-breeze penetration, intensity and depth, which are key information for air pollution issues. One situation of slight synoptic pressure gradient leading to a northerly flow in the Rhône valley (25 June 2001) and one situation of a weak onshore prevailing synoptic wind (26 June 2001) are compared. The impact of the Rhône and Durance valleys on the sea-breeze dynamics on these two typical days is generalized to the whole ESCOMPTE observing period.The present study shows by combining simple scaling analysis with wind data from meteorological surface stations and Doppler lidars that (i) the Durance valley always affects the sea breeze by accelerating the flow. A consequence is that the Durance valley contributes to weaken the temperature gradient along the valley and thus the sea-breeze circulation. In some cases, the acceleration of the channelled flow in the Durance valley suppresses the sea-breeze flow by temperature gradient inhibition; (ii) the Rhône valley does not generally affect the sea breeze significantly. However, if the sea breeze is combined with an onshore flow, it leads to further penetration inland and intensification of the low-level southerly flow. In this situation, lateral constriction may accelerate the sea breeze. Simple scaling analysis suggests that Saint Paul (44.35°N, about 100 km from the coastline) is the lower limit where sea breeze can be affected by the Rhône valley. These conclusions have implications in air quality topics as channelled sea breeze may advect far inland pollutants which may be incorporated into long-range transport, particularly in the Durance valley.  相似文献   

台湾海峡海陆风数值模式与数值模拟试验   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5       下载免费PDF全文

蔡榕硕  严邦良  黄荣辉 《大气科学》2003,27(1):86-96

研制了一个包括水平及垂直扩散、牛顿冷却的二维46层非弹性运动方程组的台湾海峡海陆风数值模式,并用此模式来模拟及研究台湾海峡两岸海陆风的生成与变化特征.模式中考虑了太阳辐射、长波辐射及其日变化、地表向大气的感热与潜热输送以及向土壤层的热传导等.数值计算中采用了分解算法及隐式时间差分方案.用此模式得出的模拟结果与闽东南及台湾海陆风的观测事实比较吻合,表明了此模式能够较好地描述海峡两岸的海陆风变化规律.  相似文献   

三峡坝区的地面风场与大气扩散气候特征   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

王祖承  陈正洪  陈少平  居志刚 《气象》2003,29(5):37-40

利用三峡坝区4个气象站和宜昌站的地面观测资料，统计了各站多年、逐年、分季平均风速和风向频率，揭示了地面风场若干气候特征，提出了坝区典型风场模型；并通过分析各站多年、分季联合频率，对坝区大气扩散的气候特点与能力做了初步评价。  相似文献   

东西向海岸线对局地性降水的作用   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4  

刘正奇  谢巨伦 《气象》2003,29(12):41-44

利用中尺度地面观测资料，以广东省阳江—电白之间沿岸近似东西向的海岸线为例分析了东西向海岸线对局地性降水的作用。结果发现：夏季，在梯度风较弱的背景下，这一带沿海的海陆风环流非常显著，在海忙风环流更替的后半夜—早晨和午后—傍晚期间，海风锋随着更替的局地性环流移经上述两地区沿岸，在其它条件的配合下可造成局地性降水天气。  相似文献