自然火灾碳排放估算模型参数的遥感反演进展   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

吴沁淳  陈方  王长林  李斌  吴薇  刘三超  徐丰 《遥感学报》2016,20(1):11-26

植被燃烧会产生大量的温室气体,为及时了解自然火灾对区域和全球尺度的碳循环和碳平衡模式的影响,有必要研究自然火灾碳排放的大尺度估算方法。结合遥感技术"宏观、快速、实时、客观"获取地表信息的独特优势,对利用遥感技术估算自然火灾碳排放的方法进行综述,概括了自然火灾碳排放使用的估算模型及其需要的主要输入参数,其次分别介绍了模型输入参数的遥感估算方法,并对各方法的优缺点进行分析和评价,最后提出现有方法的改进建议。  相似文献   

Stiffened steel box columns. Part 1: Cyclic behaviour     

Hanbin Ge  Shengbin Gao  Tsutomu Usami 《地震工程与结构动力学》2000,29(11):1691-1706

This paper aims to study the cyclic inelastic behaviour of stiffened steel box columns failed by local and overall interaction instability under a constant compressive axial force and cyclic lateral loading. Such columns find broad application in steel bridge piers. The columns are of box sections with longitudinal stiffeners. In the analysis, a modified two‐surface plasticity model developed at Nagoya University is employed to model material non‐linearity. For comparison, analyses using classical isotropic‐ and kinematic‐hardening models are also carried out. Hysteretic curves and buckling modes obtained from analysis using the two‐surface model and classical models are compared with experimental results. Moreover, the progression of deformation from occurrence of local buckling to structural failure is discussed in detail. The comparisons show that the use of an accurate plasticity model is quite important in the prediction of both the cyclic inelastic behaviour and failure characteristic of steel box columns failed by coupled local and overall instability. It is found that the modified two‐surface model is a satisfactory model in predicting the cyclic hysteretic behaviour of both the thin‐ and thick‐walled steel box columns. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Seismic energy dissipation under variable amplitude loading for rectangular RC members in flexure          下载免费PDF全文

《地震工程与结构动力学》2018,47(4):831-853

The energy dissipation characteristics of reinforced concrete members that exhibit both strength and stiffness deterioration under imposed displacement reversals were investigated. To do this, 24 symmetrically reinforced concrete rectangular specimens were tested under stable variable and random variable amplitude inelastic displacement cycles. Stable variable amplitude tests were employed to determine the low‐cycle fatigue behavior of specimens where the loading sequence was the major variable. A 2‐parameter fatigue model was developed in order to express the variation of the dissipated energy in displacement cycles with the cumulative hysteretic energy. This model was then used to predict the energy dissipation of test specimens subjected to random variable amplitude displacement cycles simulating severe seismic excitations. It has been demonstrated that the remaining energy dissipation capacity for the next displacement cycle was dependent on the relative relationship between the maximal displacement cycle and the energy dissipated along the completed displacement path. The plastic energy dissipation capacity of reinforced concrete members is both displacement path dependent and cumulative hysteretic energy dependent.  相似文献   

Research on the Seismic Wave Characteristics of Low Frequency Signals before the Alxa Left Banner MS5.8 Earthquake in Inner Mongolia, China     

Liang Shash  Gao Lixin  Dai Yong  Ge Gen  Wang Lei 《中国地震研究》2018,32(3):367-376

In order to search for the seismic wave characteristics of low frequency signals in the Alxa Left Banner region,Inner Mongolia,the low frequency signals of seismic wave data are extracted from the earthquakes of MS5. 8 in 2015 and MS5. 0 in 2016 in this area. The results show that:① Before the MS5. 8 earthquake,the seismic stations located near the epicenter in Wuhai,Dongshengmiao,and Shizuishan recorded seismic waves that showed the phenomenon of spectrum shift from high to low frequency.② The low frequency signals recorded by different stations have obvious difference.③ According to the data recorded by the station closest to the epicenter,low-frequency signals were recorded about120 hours before the earthquake and had obvious anomalies. This may reflect slow slip before the earthquake.  相似文献   

基于核磁共振实验的低渗透砂岩岩电参数分类及应用——以东营凹陷南坡沙四段为例          下载免费PDF全文

闫建平  张帆  王敏  唐洪明  胡钦红  张欣吉 《地球物理学报》2019,62(7):2748-2758

低渗透砂岩储层孔隙结构复杂,储层有效性识别及饱和度准确计算难度较大.笔者以东营凹陷南坡沙四段（Es₄）低渗透砂岩为研究对象,根据压汞、物性、薄片及核磁等资料,将研究区孔隙结构分为三大类、五小类.在岩样孔隙结构分类基础上,明确了孔隙结构类型与岩电参数之间存在确定的关系,而核磁共振T₂谱定量特征参数在一定程度上能够表征孔隙结构类型及其细节信息,通过提取T₂谱中T₂几何平均值（T_2g）、T₂均值（T₂）、峰度（K_G）、可动流体分量（S_mf）及区间孔隙分量等孔隙结构参数,建立了基于核磁T₂谱特征参数的孔隙结构识别图版,显示核磁T₂谱孔隙结构参数对不同类型的储层有较好的识别效果,进而探讨核磁孔隙结构参数和岩电参数之间的关系,结果表明,T₂谱峰度值与孔隙胶结指数（m）值相关性较高,进一步确定了岩电参数m的核磁计算公式.最终,将该套方法应用于研究区井筒剖面中,有效地提高了饱和度计算精度,也为东营凹陷南坡低渗透砂岩油藏储量估算与高效开发提供了依据.  相似文献   

基于边界面模型的砂土中板锚循环承载力数值分析     

王强  刘海笑  李洲 《海洋工程》2021,39(3):83-94

利用带误差控制的显式积分算法,将一种适用于饱和砂土排水循环动力分析的边界面塑性模型编写成可供有限元软件调用的用户自定义材料子程序。建立土体单元有限元数值模型对Toyoura砂的静、动排水三轴试验进行模拟,验证了模型具备合理描述砂土在不同荷载条件下力学响应的能力。建立饱和砂土中板锚循环承载分析的数值模型,针对板锚在砂土中的单调抗拔特性和循环承载特性进行数值分析,得到了与模型试验一致的荷载—位移响应规律。考察循环荷载要素对板锚循环承载特性的影响,结果发现,随着循环荷载的施加,板锚永久位移逐渐累积,循环荷载会导致板锚持续移动,循环幅值越大,初始位移和位移变化率越大;循环均值越大,初始位移越大,但位移变化率越小。  相似文献   

不均匀波浪荷载作用下海积软黏土的动力特性     

陈晓波  潘晓东 《海洋工程》2024,(2):105-114

为研究饱和海积黏土在均匀与不均匀波浪荷载作用下的循环特性,利用GDS空心圆柱扭剪仪进行了一系列不排水试验,在相同的初始固结状态下,对试样施加不同最大偏应力q_max、最小偏应力q_min的圆形及螺旋形应力路径的轴—扭联合循环载荷。分析了在考虑主应力轴旋转时,这两种不同应力路径的循环应力比R_CS与动应力比δ=q_mim/q_max对循环加载期间土体动力特性的影响。试验结果表明：R_CS与δ的增大均能提升黏土在波浪荷载下的孔压、轴向应变、双幅剪切应变及其速率,同时也能使土体轴向回弹模量与动剪切模量的衰减更严重,且δ的作用效果会随R_CS的增大而增大。当R_CS≤0.05时,土体在循环期间保持为“弹性安定或塑性安定”状态;而当R_CS≥0.06时,土体会处于“疲劳破坏”或“塑性蠕变”状态,其具体形式由R_CS与δ共同决定。土体在循环过程中的轴向回弹模量与动剪切模量近似呈一定比例。  相似文献   

涉县地震台地磁加卸载响应比异常分析     

王彬  张小涛  江永建  张建国 《地震地磁观测与研究》2020,41(4):70-77

2019年1月7日涉县地震台地磁Z分量加卸载响应比出现高值变化,通过检测观测系统、调研测区环境、分析空间磁场影响、对比同台多套仪器及对比河北省内其他台站相同仪器和分析震例等,认为涉县台地磁加卸载响应比高值变化不排除是地震地球物理异常的可能。  相似文献   

基于SMA连接件的半刚接钢框架-混凝土墙结构滞回性能试验研究          下载免费PDF全文

崔迪  王圳颖  孙丽  崔朦朦  崔晓波  吴聪 《世界地震工程》2020,(2):044-53

针对半刚接钢框架-混凝土墙(PSRCW)结构中连接件易发生疲劳断裂的问题,利用形状记忆合金(SMA)制成连接件并将其应用到PSRCW结构中。对4个2层单跨PSRCW结构试件在水平低周往复荷载作用下的抗震性能进行了试验研究。根据试验现象分析了各试件的受力破坏过程,研究了连接件类型、尺寸和布置位置对各试件的滞回性能、耗能能力、强度、刚度、延性和变形恢复能力的影响。试验结果表明:基于SMA连接件的PSRCW结构整体性较好、耗能能力强、结构强度退化具有2个平台阶段、刚度退化较为缓慢、延性好和结构具有较强的变形恢复能力。同时,增大SMA连接件的直径可以提高结构的承载能力、初始刚度和延性;在框架梁柱与内填墙交界面间均布置SMA连接件时,结构整体性最好,强度退化缓慢,延性好。因此,将SMA连接件应用于PSRCW结构中,对于改善钢混组合结构的力学性能有一定的理论意义和实用价值。  相似文献   

新疆伽师MS6.4地震前地磁日变化异常分析     

艾萨·伊斯马伊力  冯志生  毛志强  孙昭杰  邱大琼 《内陆地震》2020,(1):79-86

以新疆伽师M S6.4地震为案例,利用地磁日变化异常分析方法,对中国地磁台网所记录的地磁观测资料进行分析,结果显示:1、离震中最近的喀什台震前59 d和39 d出现一组逐日比高值异常,排除干扰,且地磁日变形态也出现明显的畸变,异常集中于震中附近台站,震中位于异常阈值线附近;2、震前,新疆及周边地区出现地磁垂直分量日变化幅度的极小值时间在空间上出现地磁低点位移现象,低点时间分界线横穿南天山西段,呈现近EW走向分布,分界线两侧低点时间相差超过2 h,发震日期为异常发生后的38(41±4)d,震中位于低点位移分界线附近;3、地磁逐日比和低点位移异常的发生时间和空间分布可能与伽师M S6.4地震的孕育和发生有非常高的关联性。该研究进一步推广和检验了地磁日变化异常分析方法在地震预报方面的应用。  相似文献