车载移动测量系统应用于城市大比例尺地形图更新     

田茂义  俞家勇  谢欣鹏  李鹏飞  周茂伦 《测绘与空间地理信息》2016,(6):5-7

将车载移动测量系统与城市大比例尺数字地形图测图相结合,成功地将车载移动测量系统运用于城市大比例尺测图更新应用中。通过在测区内布设靶标控制点,对比靶标的点云量算坐标与全站仪实测实际坐标,统计分析车载移动测量系统的测图精度。实验结果表明,车载移动测量系统能够满足城市大比例尺地形图测图要求。  相似文献   

兰州市城市治安时空特征分析     

王龙  梁红  孙建国  杨树文 《测绘与空间地理信息》2016,(6):28-31

治安问题防治是保障城市社会安全与稳定的重要环节。本文以兰州市主城区2014年警情数据为数据来源,选择发案率高且具有代表性的盗窃、两抢(抢劫类和抢夺类)、扒窃及诈骗4类案件为研究对象,运用空间面模式和空间点模式的GIS分析方法,分析了兰州市公共安全空间结构。结果表明:1)研究时段内,案发率呈季节性变化,夏秋季节案发率比较稳定,而冬春季节案发率变化幅度较大。2)4类案件总体在街道上表现为空间聚集分布。从区际尺度来看,城关区治安形势最为严峻;从街道尺度来看,张掖路、火车站等是案发"热点"区域;从案发点分布来看,西关十字、火车站等地属于犯罪"热点"。针对上述情况,宜加强热点附近的警力部署,加大巡逻力度,保障城市公共安全。  相似文献   

影像全站仪在文物三维数字化测量中的应用与实践     

管富豪  张序  张良桥  李逸清  张鑫  户泽伟 《测绘与空间地理信息》2016,(9):170-172

根据影像全站仪的工作原理,总结出在文物测绘中的技术路线,研究点云数据处理过程中拼接、降噪、纹理映射的方法,并通过对模型数据采集精度的分析,给出了合理的数据模型采集值,为影像全站仪快速、可靠的在文物三维数字化建模中提供有益的借鉴。  相似文献   

关于制作像控电子点之记方法与流程的探讨     

何云贵  茅琦  王智峰 《测绘与空间地理信息》2016,(9)

主要介绍电子点之记的制作流程及方法,以及所涉及的一些计算机软件和工序中可以自动化处理的程序,对于实现难点也进行了分析及说明,使像片控制测量点之记制作的流程更为简便,成果更为可靠。  相似文献   

三维激光扫描技术在曲面模型重建中的应用     

杨忞婧  刘丽  张金兰  王阳 《测绘与空间地理信息》2016,(8)

利用地面三维激光扫描仪对目标物体表面进行多方位、多角度的扫描,可以获取其表面大量且密集的高精度点的三维坐标信息以及反射率信息,将这些信息存储到电脑中,使用专业软件进行处理,再使用建模软件生成建筑物的三维模型。本文所研究的是使用地面三维激光扫描仪,通过高速激光测量方式,快速、全面、精确地获取建筑物表面的三维信息,经过一系列的点云数据处理及模型处理,最终完成曲面模型三维重建的过程。  相似文献   

基于3D激光扫描的变形监测技术研究     

王士玉  耿奕超 《测绘与空间地理信息》2016,(6):180-181

传统基于GPS和全站仪的地表变形监测手段由于监测点少,难以对滑坡体进行整体监测,本文提出基于点云所成模型间比较的变形信息提取方法,结合试验验证了算法的效果。结果表明,地面三维激光扫描技术应用于变形监测领域是完全可行的,虽然其在测量精度上略低于GPS、全站仪等传统监测手段,但对大范围区域快速、连续、全方位监测的优势是其他监测手段所不具备的。  相似文献   

PPP/SINS紧耦合系统仿真的研究与分析     

杨伟彬  高龑  王云鹏 《测绘与空间地理信息》2016,(8):113-116

在捷联惯导(SINS)和GPS卫星接收机进行紧耦合的研究中,采用差分定位进行紧耦合的方法比较成熟,而关于精密单点定位(PPP)与捷联惯导紧耦合的研究还比较少。本文对精密单点定位与捷联惯导紧组合系统进行了Matlab仿真,利用数学解析的方法产生机载运动轨迹,通过设置系统的参数,获得仿真SINS和GPS数据;然后,通过PPP/SINS紧组合系统的仿真程序解算,将定位结果与PPP的结果比较,表明PPP/SINS紧组合导航定位的结果比PPP的精度和可靠性好,而且收敛的速度更快,同时也验证了算法的正确性。最后,分析了不同等级惯导对定位精度的影响。  相似文献   

重要性权值的驾车导航POI表达规则     

方成  江南  刘锐 《测绘科学技术学报》2016,(6):654-658

在导航电子地图中,针对驾车任务的POI自适应表达是提高导航电子地图信息传输效率的关键。针对这一问题,提出了基于重要性权值的驾车导航POI表达规则。首先,分析了POI重要性权值的影响因素;其次,从影响因素出发,研究了基于权值的POI规则表达的各规则项;最后,设计了POI自适应表达规则库,并在嵌入了数据处理规则库的绘图软件上进行了技术实现。试验结果表明,利用基于权值的POI表达规则进行地图表达,可以提高地图内容的层次性与清晰性,优化驾车导航服务。  相似文献   

Transition in place: Dynamics,possibilities, and constraints     

《Geoforum》2016

The Transition Movement is a translocal phenomenon circulated through transnational grassroots networks. This study explores the geographies of the Transition Movement with a theoretical framework that perceives it as both a social movement and a grassroots innovation. Participant-observation of Transition Salt Lake (TSL), located in the suburban metropolis of Salt Lake City, Utah, was conducted, as the United States remains a largely understudied country in regards to this particular movement. In this pursuit, we asked: (i) how and what this transition initiative draws from geographically extensive and intensive relations, (ii) how it combines place-specific elements and generalized models (embeddedness), and (iii) how this impacts the success of the transition initiative and how these impacts (positive or negative) are generated. Place, space, and scale played a large role in defining the nature, dynamics, possibilities, and constraints of this transition initiative. Specifically, geographically intensive and extensive relations were critical for the mobilization of complementary resources. The Transition model was found to be flexible, allowing for the initiative to adopt those elements that worked in place and to focus on locally relevant topics. TSL faced many challenges identified by previous researchers regarding finances, participation, diversity, and intragroup competition. While networking with other similar groups, TSL demonstrated that fertile environments of activism are incubatory pools for grassroots innovations and social movements, and a trade-off was found with competition for resources between local groups.  相似文献   

History of faulting in the Northern Hastings Block,southern New England Orogen     

J. Yan  R. Offler 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2016,63(7):821-841

Brittle failure is common in the Devonian to Permian rocks in the Northern Hastings Block (NHB) and is manifested by faults of different orientation and kinematic histories, but the timing of fault movement is not well defined. In this study, faults in the NHB were analysed with the map pattern of cross-cutting faults used to estimate the relative time of movement and relationship to other faults. We defined five episodes of faulting or fault reactivation that affected the NHB. The Yarras Fault System on the southwestern side of the NHB and the Parrabel Fault and related faults on the eastern side of the NHB are the two major fault systems responsible for transporting and rotating the NHB in the late Carboniferous. Faults on the eastern, northeastern and northern part of Parrabel Dome started and stopped moving after emplacement of the Hastings Block and before the intrusion of the Werrikimbe Triassic granitoids. We suggested that the movement on the major bounding faults is related to the accommodation of the NHB to the folding and cleavage development in the adjoining Nambucca Block, and is associated with the earliest part of the Hunter–Bowen Orogeny. Limited dextral movement on the extensions of the Taylors Arm Fault System caused minor displacements in the northeastern part of the NHB during the Late Triassic. Some small faults cut the Triassic granitoids or Triassic Lorne Basin sediments indicating tectonic activity continued post-Triassic.  相似文献