芦山地震、汶川地震与龙门山地区水汽异常   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

邓志辉  陈梅花  杨竹转  严兴  邓远立 《地震地质》2014,36(3)

对龙门山地区水汽动态的分析研究表明,在2013年芦山MS7.0地震和2008年汶川MS8.0地震前,龙门山地区大气相对湿度异常频次都出现了先逐年下降,然后快速回升的过程;下降时间较长,10a以上,上升时间较短,1~2a;震中位于异常频次相对下降和上升幅度都是最大的中心或邻近区域。在地震孕育中期阶段发生水汽异常趋势变化的原因可能是由于岩层裂隙的张合、地下流体的运动和地热能的变化,影响地面温度和潜热交换的速度所致。在地震孕育的中长期阶段(10a~几a),地壳岩石受压缩变形,孔隙、裂隙不断闭合或减少,由地下释放的热水、热汽减少,潜热交换速度也随之降低,相对湿度异常频次表现为逐年下降的趋势。在地震孕育的中短期阶段,地壳岩石变形进一步加大,可能导致微破裂不断扩展,由地下释放的热水、热汽由减少转为增加,潜热交换速度由降低转为迅速增加,相对湿度异常频度也表现出由逐年下降转为突发的快速上升。  相似文献   

大凉山次级块体内强震发生的构造特征与2014年鲁甸6.5级地震对周边断层的影响   总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1  

程佳  刘杰  徐锡伟  甘卫军 《地震地质》2014,36(4)

2014年8月3日,在云南鲁甸发生MS6.5地震.该地震位于巴颜喀拉块体、川滇块体与华南块体三者之间的以挤压和左旋走滑为主要活动特征的大凉山次级块体内部.该次级块体吸收了来自川滇块体和巴颜喀拉块体的挤压作用,主要以各边界断裂带的挤压作用和内部大凉山断裂带、峨边断裂带等NNW向的左旋走滑次级断裂为主要特征;在历史上大凉山次级块体边界上以7级以上强震活动为主要特征,而在次级块体内部则以5级地震频繁活动为主.2014年鲁甸MS6.5地震发生在逆冲走滑断裂带内部的NNW向左旋走滑断裂上,该地震主要受到了发生在小江断裂带上的1733年M73/4和则木河断裂带上的1850年M71/2强震的影响,这两次地震对2014年鲁甸MS6.5地震有促进作用,而2014年鲁甸6.5级地震促进了2014年10月1日越西5.0级地震的发生,此外鲁甸地震对大凉山断裂带北段、峨边断裂带、昭通-鲁甸断裂带东段以及则木河断裂带南段有一定的库仑应力增强作用.  相似文献   

CCD and photon-counting photometric observations of asteroids carried out at Padova and Catania observatories     

D. Gandolfi  M. Cigna  C. Blanco 《Planetary and Space Science》2009,57(1):1-1507

We present the results of observational campaigns of asteroids performed at Asiago Station of Padova Astronomical Observatory and at M.G. Fracastoro Station of Catania Astrophysical Observatory, as part of the large research programme on Solar System minor bodies undertaken since 1979 at the Physics and Astronomy Department of Catania University. Photometric observations of six Main-Belt asteroids (27 Euterpe, 173 Ino, 182 Elsa, 539 Pamina, 849 Ara, and 984 Gretia), one Hungaria (1727 Mette), and two Near-Earth Objects (3199 Nefertiti and 2004 UE) are reported. The first determination of the synodic rotational period of 2004 UE was obtained. For 182 Elsa and 1727 Mette the derived synodic period of 80.23±0.08 and , respectively, represents a significant improvement on the previously published values. For 182 Elsa the first determination of the H-G magnitude relation is also presented.  相似文献   

X-ray and strong lensing mass estimate of MS2137.3–2353     

A. Donnarumma  S. Ettori  M. Meneghetti  L. Moscardini 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2009,398(1):438-450

We present new mass estimates of the cluster of galaxies MS2137.3–2353, inferred from X-ray and strong lensing analyses. This cluster exhibits an outstanding strong lensing configuration and indicates a well-relaxed dynamical state, being most suitable for a mass reconstruction which combines both techniques. Despite this, several previous studies have claimed a significant discrepancy between the X-ray and the strong lensing mass estimates. The primary aim of this paper is to address and explain this mismatch. For this purpose, we have analysed Chandra observations to recover the profiles of the intracluster medium properties and, assuming a functional form for the matter density, the total mass distribution. The notable strong-lensing features of MS2137.3 allow us to reconstruct its projected mass in the central regions with good accuracy, by taking advantage of the lensing inversion code lenstool . We compare the results obtained for both methods. Our mass estimates for MS2137.3 are in agreement within errors, leading to a mean, extrapolated value of   M ₂₀₀≃ 4.4 ± 0.3 × 10¹⁴ M_⊙  , under the assumption of the Navarro–Frenk–White (NFW) mass profile. However, the strong lensing mass estimate is affected by the details of the brightest cluster galaxy mass modelling, since the radial arc is a very sensitive probe of the total mass derivative in the central region. In particular, we do not find evidence for a high concentration for the NFW density profile, as reported in some earlier works.  相似文献   

Changes in temperature extremes based on a 6-hourly dataset in China from 1961–2005     

胡宜昌  何勇  董文杰 《大气科学进展》2009,26(6):1215-1225

Changes in Chinese temperature extremes are presented based on a six-hourly surface air temperature dataset for the period 1961--2005. These temperature series are manually observed at 0200, 0800, 1400, and 2000 Beijing Time (LST), and percentile based extreme indices of these time series are chosen for analysis. Although there is a difference in time among the different time zones across China, as more than 80% of the stations are located in two adjacent time zones, these indices for all the stations are called warm (cold) nights (0200 LST), warm (cold) mornings (0800 LST), warm (cold) days (1400 LST), and warm (cold) evenings (2000 LST), respectively for convenience. The frequency of the annual warm extremes has generally increased, while the frequency of the annual cold extremes has decreased, and significant changes are mainly observed in northern China, the Tibetan Plateau, and the southernmost part of China. Based on the national average, annual warm (cold) nights increase (decrease) at a rate of 5.66 (-5.92) d (10 yr)^-1, annual warm (cold) days increase (decrease) at a rate of 3.97 (-2.98) d (10 yr)^-1, and the trends for the annual warm (cold) mornings and evenings are 4.35 (-4.96) and 5.95 (-4.35) d (10 yr)^-1, respectively. For China as a whole, the increasing rates for the occurrence of seasonal warm extremes are larger in the nighttime (0200, 2000 LST) than these in the daytime (0800, 1400 LST), the maximal increase occurs at 2000 LST except in the summer and the minimal increase occurs at 1400 LST except in autumn; the maximal decrease in the occurrence of seasonal cold extremes occurs at 0200 LST and the minimal decrease occurs at 1400 LST.  相似文献   

IPv4与IPv6比较及IPv4向IPv6过渡方法   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

吕迪波  乌日娜  杨丽萍 《内蒙古气象》2009,(2):27-28

文章介绍了IntemetTCP／IP协议中主要协议IP协议的IPv4和IPv6,通过对目前IPv4存在的问题进行分析,从协议的地址空间、地址管理、地址表示方面对IPv4与IPv6进行比较,并分析和总结IPv6的优点。介绍了从IPv4过渡到IPv6的方法．对于了解下一代互联网主要的协议及如何逐渐平滑过渡到IPv6有着重要的意义。  相似文献   

汶川M_S8.0地震河谷地形对汉源县城高烈度异常的影响          下载免费PDF全文

李平  刘红帅  薄景山  李孝波  于晓辉 《地球物理学报》2016,59(1):174-184

汉源县城位于汶川M_S8.0特大地震六度区内唯一的八度异常区,为典型且罕见的远震高烈度异常区.汉源县城处于流沙河的河流阶地之上,河谷地形对地震震害有显著的影响.为定量分析河谷地形对汶川大地震汉源县高烈度异常的影响,基于汉源县城震害科学考察和场地勘察获取的资料,根据震害分布特征和流沙河谷地形的特点,选取1条实测得到的横切汉源县城并垂直流沙河河谷方向的典型剖面作为计算模型,以脉冲作为基底输入,采用有限差分方法研究了该剖面的场地放大效应,分析了地形对高烈度异常的影响.计算结果表明:汉源县城场地对地震动放大效应的显著频段是1.0~10Hz,且这一频段老县城场地的放大效应比新县城场地显著;汉源老县城场地对汶川M_S8.0地震主震的地震动有显著的放大效应,地表峰值加速度大大超过了抗震设计规范的规定值;汉源场地地形放大效应显著频段与汶川M_S8.0地震的能量集中频段基本吻合,汉源老县城建筑物的自振频率恰恰位于该频段,产生共振效应,从而造成更显著的放大效应,这也是汉源震害异常的主要原因之一.由此可见,河谷地形对地表地震动有重要的影响,在工程选址和抗震设计时应考虑其影响.  相似文献   

鲁甸M_S6.5地震前地震活动性分析及川滇东边界中部未来地震危险性研究          下载免费PDF全文

刘月  田勤俭  吕晓健  邵志刚  李文巧 《地球物理学报》2016,59(9):3269-3279

本文努力探索地震活动性定量化前兆的检测方法,针对Region-Time-Length(RTL)算法在空间异常分析中的不足,根据新提出的综合衡量区域地震活动水平的物理参数——RTL面积分(I_(RTL)),定量分析了2014年鲁甸M_S6.5地震前地震活动时空变化,并与2012年彝良M_S5.7、5.6地震作了对比,研究结果显示这些地震前都检测到地震活动增强.彝良地震前地震活动增强异常主要分布在则木河断裂和昭通—莲峰断裂带西段的交汇区,鲁甸地震前异常主要分布在昭通—莲峰断裂带、马边断裂带及周边地区.以上地震活动增强异常区的I_(RTL)随时间呈现由小变大,至峰值后回落的特征.彝良地震和鲁甸地震均发生于I_(RTL)峰值后数月,这表明I_(RTL)峰值对地震发生可能有一定的指示意义.鲁甸地震后,对周边地区地震活动跟踪研究检测到地震活动增强现象,且自2015年I_(RTL)呈上升趋势,目前I_(RTL)值已超过鲁甸地震前的峰值水平,也许更强的地震正在孕育,所以川滇交界东边界中部仍存在发生强震的可能.以上研究为我们认识鲁甸地震的孕震过程和地震前兆研究提供了新的认识.  相似文献   

川西温泉水温观测及其在芦山M_S7.0 地震前的异常现象   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

晏锐  官致君  刘耀炜 《地震学报》2015,37(2):347-356

在2013年芦山M_S7.0地震震中附近流体观测点进行现场考察的基础上, 本文选择川西地区观测环境较好、 干扰较少的温泉水温观测资料进行回溯性分析. 结果表明, 康定龙头沟和二道桥温泉、 道孚龙普沟温泉、 理塘毛垭温泉、 泸定共和温泉水温在芦山地震前均出现不同程度的异常变化. 其主要表现为, 距离震中较远的理塘毛垭温泉和道孚龙普沟温泉水温在震前2年左右出现中期尺度异常, 距离震中较近的康定龙头沟和二道桥温泉水温在震前3个月内出现短期异常. 通过温泉水化学及δD-δ18O稳定同位素特征分析, 认为这些温泉水具有深循环特征, 能灵敏地反映地壳深部地热及构造变化信息, 是芦山地震前观测到异常的可能原因. 加强对这些温泉点的观测, 对区域地震预测研究具有重要的科学意义和现实意义.   相似文献   

2014年2月12日于田MS7.3级地震前后的微震活动集中区及对地震危险区的可能指示     

胡朝忠  陈丹  杨攀新  熊仁伟  李长军 《中国地震研究》2015,29(2):169-175

Since 2001, there have occurred in succession the 2001 Kunlun Mountains M S8. 1earthquake,the 2008 Wenchuan M S8. 0 earthquake,the 2010 Yushu M S7. 1 earthquake and the 2012 Lushan M S7. 0 earthquake in the periphery of the Bayan Har block. By comparison of the characteristics of seismic strain release variations before and after the Kunlun Mountains M S8. 1 earthquake in the same time length in the geodynamical related regions,we found that the seismic strain release was obviously enhanced after the earthquake in the Longmenshan area,Batang area,and the NS-trending valleys at the west of the Hot Spring Basin. The Wenchuan earthquake occurred in the first area,and the Yushu earthquake is related to the second area. After the earthquake rupture occurred on the East Kunlun fault zone on the northern boundary of the Bayan Har Block,crustal materials on the south side of the fault zone migrated to the southeast,leading to a concentration of tectonic deformation in the Longmenshan thrust belt, e ventually rupturing on the Longmenshan thrust belt. This earthquake case illustrates that seismicity enhancement zones are possibly prone to long-term destructive earthquakes. After the M S7. 3 earthquake in Yutian,Xinjiang on February 12,2014,earthquake frequency and seismic strain release markedly increased in the junction area between the eastern Qilian Mountain tectonic belt and the Altun Tagh fault zone,where more attention should be paid to the long-term seismic risk.  相似文献