东天山戈壁沙漠覆盖区重磁场特征与构造格架研究          下载免费PDF全文

曾凯  陈建国  肖凡 《江苏地质》2013,37(4):598-605

依据重力和航磁异常数据及其处理结果（Tilt导数和欧拉反褶积）,对东天山戈壁沙漠覆盖区断裂构造和岩体重新进行了解译,结合岩石密度和磁性特征及前人研究成果,分析了东天山的构造格架。结果表明,东天山构造线主体方向为近EW向,构造格局具有南北分带的特点,重力和航磁异常图上密集梯级带对应研究区一级断裂,即康古尔塔格一黄山深断裂和阿奇克库都克一沙泉子断裂。重力和航磁原始异常经过Tilt导数和欧拉反褶积处理后,微弱信息得到明显增强,进而识别出一些新的断裂构造和岩体。  相似文献   

利用三维地震属性分析识别阿尔金断裂新生代早期构造活动     

贾丹  肖安成  唐永  吴磊  沈亚  徐波  吴占奎 《岩石学报》2013,29(8):2851-2858

阿尔金断裂是青藏高原最显著也是最重要的地质构造单元之一,其新生代起始活动时间的认定一直都是大家关注的热点,对研究高原的形成和应力传递均有着重要的意义.前人的研究成果证实阿尔金断裂新生代的开始活动时间大约在35.5Ma,在柴达木盆地其对应的沉积层位为下干柴沟组上段.本文以盆地内部近阿尔金断裂带的红柳泉-七个泉地区为例,开展了钻井约束下的三维地震资料属性提取及分析工作,并进行同期岩相古地理研究.结果表明在下干柴沟组上段从XG2时期起,研究区岩相古地理从深湖相开始分异,逐渐发育为控制岩性差异的同沉积水下隆起,这些隆起带渐次演化为与左旋剪切相关的雁列褶皱带,对应于与阿尔金早期隆升相关的构造演化过程.表明阿尔金断裂新生代活动的沉积响应最早在约40Ma开始,该方法对于和构造隆升相关的沉积记录识别比直接的地质学方法更为敏感.  相似文献   

阿尔金断裂对酒泉盆地的控制作用分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

覃素华  王小善  康南昌  贺保卫  白军  庞雪燕  段新红  吴占奎 《岩石学报》2013,29(8):2895-2905

阿尔金断裂带东延区与北祁连冲断带一起控制了酒泉盆地的形成和演化.作者利用区域地球物理资料的解释和分析,研究了阿尔金断裂走滑过程对酒泉盆地的控制作用和影响范围,认为阿尔金断裂走滑运动始于中生代白垩纪,初次隆升始于白垩纪,不晚于古新世;其东延应止于花海凹陷.阿尔金断裂带对酒泉盆地的控制作用主要表现为限制了盆地现今的西部边界,同时控制了盆地北段的构造形态.  相似文献   

柴达木盆地西北缘始新世晚期古隆起与阿尔金断裂的形成   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

毛黎光  肖安成  王亮  吴磊  楼谦谦  沈亚  张宏伟 《岩石学报》2013,29(8):2876-2882

研究阿尔金断裂的演化是理解青藏高原隆升过程的重要环节.本文以柴达木盆地西北缘的地震剖面、残余厚度图、沉积相图等资料进行沉积、构造的综合研究,揭示了柴达木盆地西北缘在始新世晚期开始抬升,因此导致柴达木盆地西北缘生长地层的发育.这种抬升作用在平面上则表现为与阿尔金断裂呈～30°相交的NWW-SEE走向古隆起,以及与之相关的如冲积扇等边缘沉积相.本文分析认为阿尔金断裂在始新世晚期开始孕育,在深部形成左旋性质的韧性剪切带,在地表则通过形成左阶雁列式褶皱(即古隆起)来调节深部的位移量.  相似文献   

The tectonic evolution of the Qiongdongnan Basin in the northern margin of the South China Sea     

《Journal of Asian Earth Sciences》2013

Qiongdongnan Basin is a Cenozoic rift basin located on the northern passive continental margin of the South China Sea. Due to a lack of geologic observations, its evolution was not clear in the past. However, recently acquired 2-D seismic reflection data provide an opportunity to investigate its tectonic evolution. It shows that the Qiongdongnan Basin comprises a main rift zone which is 50–100 km wide and more than 400 km long. The main rift zone is arcuate in map view and its orientation changes from ENE–WSW in the west to nearly E–W in the east. It can be divided into three major segments. The generally linear fault trace shown by many border faults in map view implies that the eastern and middle segments were controlled by faults reactivated from NE to ENE trending and nearly E–W trending pre-existing fabrics, respectively. The western segment was controlled by a left-lateral strike-slip fault. The fault patterns shown by the central and eastern segments indicate that the extension direction for the opening of the rift basin was dominantly NW–SE. A semi-quantitative analysis of the fault cut-offs identifies three stages of rifting evolution: (1) 40.4–33.9 Ma, sparsely distributed NE-trending faults formed mainly in the western and the central part of the study area; (2) 33.9–28.4 Ma, the main rift zone formed and the area influenced by faulting was extended into the eastern part of the study area and (3) 28.4–20.4 Ma, the subsidence area was further enlarged but mainly extended into the flanking area of the main rift zone. In addition, Estimates of extensional strain along NW–SE-trending seismic profiles, which cross the main rift zone, vary between 15 and 39 km, which are generally comparable to the sinistral displacement on the Red River Fault Zone offshore, implying that this fault zone, in terms of sinistral motion, terminated at a location near the southern end of the Yinggehai Basin. Finally, these observations let us to favour a hybrid model for the opening of the South China Sea and probably the Qiongdongnan Basin.  相似文献   

Surface displacement estimation using multi-temporal SAR Interferometry in a seismically active region of the Himalaya     

《Georisk: Assessment and Management of Risk for Engineered Systems and Geohazards》2013,7(3):184-197

The Indian subcontinent is one of the most earthquake-prone regions of the world. The Himalayas are well known for high seismic activity, and the ongoing northwards drift of the Indian plate makes the Himalaya geodynamically active. During the last three decades, several major earthquakes occurred at the plate interiors and boundaries in this subcontinent causing massive losses. Therefore, one of the major challenges in seismology has been to estimate long recurrence period of large earthquakes where most of the classical Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Approaches fail due to short catalogues used in the prediction models. Therefore, during the past few decades, the Himalayan region has been studied extensively in terms of the present ongoing displacements. In this context the present study has been carried out to estimate the surface displacement in a seismically active region of the Himalaya, in between Ganga and Yamuna Tear, using multi-temporal Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Interferometry. A displacement rate of 6.2–8.2 mm/yr in N14°E direction of the Indian plate towards the Tibetan plate has been obtained. It has been noted that the estimated convergence rate using Differential SAR Interferometry technique is relatively low in comparison with those obtained from previous classical studies. The reported low convergence rate may be due to the occurrence of silent/quite earthquakes, aseismic slip, differential movement of Delhi Hardwar ridge, etc. Therefore, in view of the contemporary seismicity and conspicuous displacements, a study of long-term observations of this surface movement has been recommended in future through a time-series SAR Interferometry analysis.  相似文献   

从水系的分布形态探讨沂沭断裂带的运动特征   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

林爱明  饶刚  闫兵 《地学前缘》2013,20(4):125-136

郯城-庐江断裂带是纵贯中国大陆东部,长达2 000 km以上的大断裂带。该研究利用DEM数据和ETM,以及谷歌卫星影像来分析郯城-庐江断裂带中段的沂沭断裂带周边的水系的几何分布形态特征。三维卫星图像解译和野外调查的结果显示：(1)沿断裂带周边发育的水系的几何分布形态主要受由F1-F4 4条主要断层所组成的沂沭断裂带构造所制约;(2)沿断裂带发育的水系不具有典型的走滑断层的系统化的同步转折和位错的变形特征;(3)沂沭断裂带东侧的F1和F2断裂是现今的活动断裂,而F3和F4断裂在第四纪基本没有明显的活动迹象;(4)F1和F2断裂以垂向运动为主,具有高角度的逆断层或正断层的运动特征。该研究结果显示沿断裂发育的水系地貌和几何分布特征可作为评价断裂的活动性和运动特征的地貌标志。  相似文献   

断层带常用钻进施工工艺     

黄会 《城市地质》2013,(4):57-59

某矿区主要以辉钼矿为主,同时伴生有黄铁矿和少许铅锌矿。该矿区地层复杂,断层较多,主要施工难点是粉碎型破碎带和含断层泥与角砾的断层带。针对该复杂地层,选择合适的钻进施工工艺,能够有效的减少事故率和提高钻进效率。  相似文献   

我国南海历史性水域线的地质特征   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

夏戡原  夏综万  赵明辉  孙珍 《海洋学报》2014,36(5):77-89

40a的海洋地质、地球物理实测研究表明,九段线不仅是显示我国南海主权的历史性水域线,而且总体上也是南海与东部、南部和西部陆区及岛区的巨型地质边界线。根据实测数据,本文将从地质成因、来源、演化的角度论述此南海历史性水域线的合理性。主要结论包括:历史性水域线的东段在地形上基本与马尼拉海沟一致,海沟西侧为南海中央海盆洋壳区,东侧为菲律宾群岛。根据国际地质研究的资料,菲律宾群岛始新世以前位于较偏南的纬度,后来于中晚中新世(距今16~10Ma)仰冲于南海中央海盆之上,因此菲律宾群岛是一个外来群岛。而黄岩岛在马尼拉海沟以西,是中央海盆洋壳区的一个岛礁,与菲律宾群岛成因不同。南海历史性水域线的南段在地形上基本与南沙海槽一致,伴随南沙地块由北部陆缘向南裂离,古南海洋壳沿此海槽以南俯冲至加里曼丹岛陆壳之下,因此南沙地块与加里曼丹陆块为两个来历不同的地块。南海历史性水域线西段的分布在地形上与越东巨型走滑断裂带基本一致,可能与西沙地块、中沙地块、南沙地块从南海北部陆缘向南滑移有关。南沙地块北缘陡直的正断层结构,突显中央海盆是拉裂形成,其基底和中新生代地层与北部珠江口盆地的地层结构可以对比,说明南沙岛礁原属我国华南大陆南缘,后因南海的形成裂离至现今的位置。  相似文献   

南海裂陷盆地中斜向伸展及其油气勘探意义     

张迎朝  袁冰 《海洋地质前沿》2014,(2):33-38

利用海上钻井、地震等资料,重新认识南海珠江口盆地文昌B凹陷控凹边界南断裂构造变形史及动力学机制,探讨油气勘探意义。研究表明,渐新世—中新世,南断裂具有斜向伸展性质,在倾向剖面,断裂带发育挤压褶皱和破碎主位移带的构造样式;在走向剖面,相关地层呈"厚薄相间"分布。平面上,发育雁列式背斜与洼地共生、"马尾状"断裂体系和右阶斜列阶步断裂体系。斜向伸展动力学机制受控于区域伸展构造应力场与先存南断裂走向。南断裂渐新世—中新世斜向伸展变形,控制和影响了油气成藏要素、流体相态。  相似文献