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931.
932.
基于MAPGIS的掌上电子平板的设计与实现 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在测量单位,采用电子手簿进行野外测量是非常普遍的,但是电子手簿有个缺点就是只能记录点,无法查看所测图形。随着硬件的发展,使用掌上电脑,开发掌上电子平板,以其方便、灵活、图形可视性好、功能强大等优点可以取代传统的电子手簿。基于WINDOWS CE操作系统和MAPGIS平台,根据界面图形化、格式标准化、图形可视化等原则,设计了一个完整的集计算、采集、管理于一体的野外现场成图系统。该系统能够记录原始数据、图形以及属性,能够方便地注记文字;实现野外现场成图,无需内业进行编辑。同时,介绍了数据通讯、UNICODE编码、符号库设计、图形显示、修测等功能,以及实现方法。 相似文献
933.
MAPGIS大比例尺数字测图系统的设计 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
随着城市信息化建设特别是GIS应用的发展,对大比例尺数字图的需求日益增加。以往的测图软件往往着重于制图的需要,很少考虑GIS应用的需求。在MAPGIS平台的基础上,根据系统性、兼容性、扩展性和开发性等原则,详细探讨了大比例尺数字测图系统的整体结构、数据组织、工作流程,设计了一个完整的数字测图系统。该系统具有野外数据采集、输入、处理、联接成图、编辑与修改及绘图等淡啤酒,在输入地物图形的同时,可以输入图形属性信息,输出符合国家标准图式的图形,并自动生成和维护拓扑关系。输出成果数据可以直接进入GIS系统,进行分析处理。 相似文献
934.
Passive energy dissipation devices (EDDs), such as viscous dampers, viscoelastic dampers, etc., have been used to effectively reduce the dynamic response of civil infrastructures, such as buildings and bridges, subject to earthquakes and strong winds. The design of these passive energy dissipation devices (EDDs) involves the determination of the optimal locations and the corresponding capacities. In this paper, we present two optimal design methodologies for passive EDDs based on active control theories, including H∞ and H2 performances, respectively. The optimal design methodologies presented are capable of determining the optimal locations and the corresponding capacities of EDDs. Emphasis is placed on the application of linear matrix inequality (LMI) for the effective design of passive EDDs using the popular MATLAB toolboxes. One important advantage of the proposed approaches is that the computation of the structural response is not needed in the design process. The proposed optimal design methodologies have been applied to: (i) a 10‐storey building and a 24‐storey building both subject to earthquake excitations, and (ii) a 76‐storey wind‐excited benchmark building, to demonstrate the advantages of the proposed design methodologies over the conventional equal capacity design. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
935.
Semi‐active stiffness damper (SASD) is one of many semi‐active control systems with the capability to mitigate the dynamic response using only a small amount of external power. The system consists of a hydraulic damper connected to the bracing frame in a selected story unit. In this paper, study of a SASD in two building models of five‐stories under four benchmark earthquake records is reported. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the control system against structure type and varying earthquake inputs. Various control laws are chosen to work with SASD, such as: resetting control, switching control, linear quadratic regulator (LQR) and modified LQR, and the results are compared with no control and passive control cases. Numerical results show that the use of a SASD is effective in reducing seismic responses. Control effectiveness is dependent on the type of structure and earthquake excitation. Passive control is less effective than other control cases as expected. Resetting control, switching control and LQR generally perform similarly in response reduction. While modified LQR is more efficient and robust compared with other control algorithms. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
936.
Most current methods of design for concrete structures under earthquake loads rely on highly idealized ‘equivalent’ static representations of the seismic loads and linear‐elastic methods of structural analysis. With the continuing development of non‐linear methods of dynamic analysis for the overload behaviour and collapse of complete concrete structures, a more direct and more accurate design procedure becomes possible which considers conditions at system collapse. This paper describes an evaluation procedure that uses non‐linear dynamic collapse–load analysis together with global safety coefficients. A back‐calibration procedure for evaluating the global safety coefficients is also described. The aim of this paper is to open up discussion of alternative methods of design with improved accuracy which are necessary to move towards a direct collapse–load method of design. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
937.
In order to examine the applicability of ground‐shaking mapping techniques to a near‐field earthquake, a peak ground velocity map of the 1995 Hyogo‐ken Nanbu, Japan earthquake computed from seismic zoning methods that consider the effects of geological conditions is compared with the actual observed intensity map. When computing the ground‐shaking map, the site amplification at each site is calculated in terms of the average shear‐wave velocity of the ground estimated from the corresponding geomorphological conditions. This map shows a relatively good agreement with the observed intensity map. However, the computations provide smaller values for certain disastrous areas of the earthquake, where the effects on ground motion of a deep, irregular underground structure have been reported. The effect of such structures on site response is examined implementing 2D FEM analyses, thereby being also incorporated into the method. Results considering the effect of the irregular underground structure show better agreement with the observed intensity map. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
938.
公路边坡工程监测技术评价与分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
结合公路工程、建筑工程等土木工程建设中经常涉及到的边坡工程,评价与分析边坡工程监测的作用、内容和方法,提出了边坡工程应该在工程项目开展的开始阶段就应进行和边坡工程监测的项目,选择原则,测点布置原则、监测周期等,对边坡工程建设具有重要的意义. 相似文献
939.
940.