Year aridity index patterns in northwest China and the relationship to summer North Atlantic sea surface temperature     

YAN Yan  ZHAO Xinyi  ZHOU Liping 《海洋学报(英文版)》2008,27(3):161-171

Aim to linking the variability of drought in northwest China to the oceanic influence of North Atlantic SSTs at the background of global warming and at the regional climate change shifting stages, year aridity index variations in northwest China and summer North Atlantic sea surface temperature （SST） variations are examined for the 44 a period of 1961-2004 using singular value decomposition （SVD） analysis. Results show that the SST anomalies （SSTA）in the North Atlantic in summer reflected three basic models. The first SVD mode of SST pattern shows a dipole - like variation with the positive center located at southwest and negative center at northeast of extratropical North Atlantic. And it strongly relates to the positive trend in AI variation in northwest China. The second coupled modes display the coherent positive anomalies in extratropical North Atlantic SST and the marked opposite trend of AI variability between north and south of Xinjiang. In addition, the lag correlation analysis of the first mode of SSTA and geopotential heights at 500 hPa variations also shows that the indication of the former influencing the latter configuration, which result in higher air temperature and less precipitation when the SSTA in the North Atlantic Ocean in summer motivated Eurasian circulation of EA pattern, further to influence the wet - dry variations in northwest China by the ocean-to - atmosphere forcing.  相似文献   

南极涛动异常及其对冬春季北半球大气环流影响的数值模拟试验   总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14       下载免费PDF全文

范可  王会军 《地球物理学报》2007,50(2):397-403

利用IAP9L-AGCM模式考察了模式中与南极涛动异常相关的海温敏感区，发现南半球高纬海温异常能够强迫出南极涛动异常，而赤道东太平洋海温异常与太平洋南美型密切相关.研究了南极涛动异常对冬春季北半球大气环流及亚洲北部气温的影响，结果表明，南极涛动加强，能够引起北半球高纬环流异常和欧亚西风加强，以及亚洲北部地表气温和850 hPa气温显著增温.数值模拟支持了已有的诊断结果，也证实了冬春季节南极涛动异常下两半球高纬间的经向遥相关存在.  相似文献   

西风角动量输送的气候特征及其与急流关系研究     

杨玮  王盘兴  何金海  李丽平  成丽萍 《大气科学》2014,38(2):363-372

利用1958～1997年NCEP/NCAR一日四次的风场再分析资料,系统地分析了季节平均西风角动量（即u角动量）经向、垂直输送通量及其三个分量（平均经圈环流、定常波、瞬变涡输送通量）的气候特征,特别是讨论了12～2月、6～8月它们与东、西风带、副热带西风急流、极夜急流之间的联系。结果表明:（1）包含纬度因子的角动量通量与动量通量在高纬地区存在显著差别,高纬对流层上部的强动量输送中心在角动量通量中不明显。而u角动量强经向输送主要在中低纬对流层顶附近和冬半球高纬平流层顶附近,副热带西风急流和极夜西风急流均位于u角动量强向极输送中心及其高纬一侧的辐合区中。（2）发现三个输送分量对急流维持的作用随纬度、季节不同。北半球冬季（夏季）的副热带西风急流主要由平均经圈环流（强度相当的定常波和瞬变涡）强经向输送及辐合维持;南半球西风急流全年均由平均经圈环流和瞬变涡旋输送及辐合维持;冬半球中平流层极夜急流主要由定常波、瞬变涡旋输送及其辐合共同维持。（3）热带东风区是牵连角动量（即Ω角动量）的高值区,它主要由平均经圈环流向对流层上部输送;冬半球副热带及中纬西风区存在u角动量垂直输送的切变区,它主要由平均经圈环流和瞬变涡旋完成;热带对流层顶附近有u角动量的定常波弱向下输送。  相似文献   

两类La Nia季节演变过程的海气耦合特征对比   总被引：5，自引：4，他引：1  

王磊  张文君  祁莉  何金海 《海洋学报》2014,36(1):72-85

利用1951—2010年逐月的HadISST海表温度资料、SODA次表层海温资料和NCEP/NCAR再分析资料等,对比分析了东太平洋(EP型)La Nia和中太平洋(CP型)La Nia的海气耦合特征在季节演变过程中的差异。EP La Nia海表温度异常中心在发展年夏季出现于南美沿岸,随后向西移动,盛期最大海表温度异常中心位于赤道东太平洋,而CP La Nia海温异常中心少动,基本维持在160°W附近,其强度更强,持续时间更长。受海温分布形态影响,热带大气对两类La Nia的响应非常不同,成熟期间CP型在中太平洋偏旱的强度和范围比EP型大,且略偏西。发展年夏、秋季,北半球位势高度响应较弱;冬季,负PNA位相易伴随两类La Nia出现,但异常活动中心的位置和强度不同,在北大西洋其大气响应几乎相反,这些差异会引起显著不同的区域气候异常。  相似文献   

The East Greenland Spill Jet as an important component of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation     

《Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers》2014

The recently discovered East Greenland Spill Jet is a bottom-intensified current on the upper continental slope south of Denmark Strait, transporting intermediate density water equatorward. Until now the Spill Jet has only been observed with limited summertime measurements from ships. Here we present the first year-round mooring observations demonstrating that the current is a ubiquitous feature with a volume transport similar to the well-known plume of Denmark Strait overflow water farther downslope. Using reverse particle tracking in a high-resolution numerical model, we investigate the upstream sources feeding the Spill Jet. Three main pathways are identified: particles flowing directly into the Spill Jet from the Denmark Strait sill; particles progressing southward on the East Greenland shelf that subsequently spill over the shelfbreak into the current; and ambient water from the Irminger Sea that gets entrained into the flow. The two Spill Jet pathways emanating from Denmark Strait are newly resolved, and long-term hydrographic data from the strait verifies that dense water is present far onto the Greenland shelf. Additional measurements near the southern tip of Greenland suggest that the Spill Jet ultimately merges with the deep portion of the shelfbreak current, originally thought to be a lateral circulation associated with the sub-polar gyre. Our study thus reveals a previously unrecognized significant component of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation that needs to be considered to understand fully the ocean׳s role in climate.  相似文献   

全球过去千年典型暖期温度空间格局重建   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

史锋  杨保  赵森  杨凤梅 《第四纪研究》2014,34(6)

利用过去两千年全球变化研究网络(PAGES 2k network)最新公布的501条代用记录,重建了全球过去千年全年平均温度空间格局的演化特征,对比分析了中世纪暖期及其最暖100年与20世纪现代暖期、中世纪暖期和小冰期最暖30年与20世纪最近30年的年平均温度空间模态异同.结果显示,在世纪尺度上,现代暖期与历史上中世纪暖期的温度异常空间格局大致相同,变化幅度也在大部分区域相当,但从年代际尺度上,最近30年的升温比过去千年中世纪暖期和小冰期两个典型时期都明显.值得一提的是北大西洋中高纬度海温变化与上述特征并不相同,在年代际和世纪尺度上小冰期和中世纪暖期海温均高于20世纪.可能原因是大西洋经圈翻转环流在中世纪暖期、小冰期和20世纪现代暖期等3个特征时段对太阳辐射、火山活动和温室气体等外强迫的响应不同.  相似文献   

Lake Ladoga ice phenology: Mean condition and extremes during the last 65 years     

Sergey Karetnikov  Mikhail Naumenko 《水文研究》2011,25(18):2859-2867

Winter conditions play an important role for the largest lake in Europe—Lake Ladoga. The ice cover lasts for 171 ± 3 days on average from the early November until the mid‐May. We investigated the ice regime of Lake Ladoga using a constructed ice database of aircraft surveys and satellite images. More than 1250 surveys of the lake's ice cover from 1943 to 2010 were collected and analysed to determine mean and extreme ice conditions for winters of different types of severity. The time series of ice cover percentage over the lake was plotted. On average, 18 observational ice charts were made every winter. Individual ice phenology records show considerable year‐to‐year variation. For this reason, records typically have been combined and analysed as groups (categories). Extremely cold winters were determined as winters with complete ice cover that lasts more than three months which is approximately 90% quartiles from all winters with complete ice cover. The lake surface was completely covered with ice for more than three months during 5 seasons. Extremely warm winters when the maximum ice cover was less than 70% of the lake area occurred during 5 seasons as well. A basic relationship between the winter severity as winter maximum of accumulated freezing degree‐days (AFDD) and the earlier derived Relative Ice Cover Index (RICI) was established. We have used teleconnection indices such as North Atlantic Oscillations (NAO) and Arctic Oscillation (AO) for the period from October to May for estimation of different types of Lake Ladoga's ice conditions. The AO index in winter months and local winter maximum of AFDD explained much of the interannual variation in ice cover. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

PRECIPITATION PATTERNS IN FLOOD SEASON OVER CHINA ASSOCIATED WITH THE EL NI■O/SOUTHERN OSCILIATION     

钱步东 《中国地理科学(英文版)》1997,(3)

I.I~IOXENds(EINabs/SouthernOscillation)eventsaretheintensivesignalsofair-seainteractionintropicalarea.PlentyOfresultsfromdifferentresearchersshoWthattheENdssignalcanbedetectedoninterannualvallationsoflargescaleatmOSPhericcirculationandclimateregimeSovermostpartsoftheworld.SeveralkindsofrelationShipbetweenENdsandprecipitationoverChinahavebeenrevealedbydifferentreSearcherS,buttherearemanydifferencesamongthepublishedreSults.Itmayberesulted*fromthatdifferentreSearchersuseddifferentindic…  相似文献   

Association of Indian Ocean ITCZ Variations with the Arctic Oscillation during Boreal Winter          下载免费PDF全文

GONG Dao-Yi  GAO Yong-Qi  HU Miao  GUO Dong 《大气和海洋科学快报》2013,6(5):300-305

In this study,the authors analyzed the associations between the Arctic Oscillation(AO)and the tropical Indian Ocean(TIO)intertropical convergence zone(ITCZ)in boreal winter for the period 1979–2009.A statistically significant AO-TIO ITCZ linkage was found.The ITCZ vertical air motion is significantly associated with the AO,with upward(downward)air motion corresponding to the positive(negative)AO phase.The Arabian Sea anticyclone plays a crucial role in linking the AO and the TIO ITCZ.The Arabian Sea vorticity is strongly linked to high-latitude disturbances in conjunction with jet stream waveguide effects of disturbance trapping and energy dispersion.During positive(negative)AO years,the Arabian Sea anticyclone tends to be stronger(weaker).The mean vorticity over the Arabian Sea,averaged from 850hPa to 200 hPa,has a significant negative correlation with AO(r=0.63).The anomalous anticyclone over the Arabian Sea brings stronger northeastern winds,which enhance the ITCZ after crossing the equator and result in greater-than-normal precipitation and minimum outgoing long-wave radiation.  相似文献   

陕西首次发现南方象化石     

阎嘉祺  尹申平  汪洪 《地球科学与环境学报》1989,(4)

在陕西省澄城县采集到一对保存相当完好的南方象第三上臼齿化石。我国关于南方象化石的报导不多,在陕西省则是首次发现。这一发现对了解更新世时期南方象在我国的分布提供了新资料。  相似文献