排序方式： 共有16条查询结果，搜索用时 156 毫秒
11.
Alkylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (alkyl-PAHs) are the predominant form of PAHs in oil, comprising 85–95% of total PAHs. However, little attention has been paid to these chemicals in ecological risk assessment of marine oil spill. A comparative study of the toxic effects of phenanthrene and retene (7-isopropyl-1-methylphenanthrene, an alkyl-phenanthrene) on the early life stage of marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma) was conducted. Results showed that retene was significantly more toxic than phenanthrene, and marine medaka could be more sensitive to retene than some freshwater fishes. Retene had a higher excretion rate than phenanthrene during the larvae stage. Both of compounds resulted in developmental malformation of marine medaka embryos, with phenanthrene affecting on peripheral vascular system and yolk sac, while retene affecting on cardiac tissues. The toxicity of phenanthrene might be mainly related to its anesthetic effects, and that of retene might be related to the CYP1A-mediated toxicity of its metabolites. 相似文献
12.
Nonylphenol (NP) is a breakdown product of alkylphenol polyethoxylates (APEs), an important class of non-ionic surfactants that are widely used in many detergent formulations and plastic products for industrial and domestic use. A complex microbial degradation pattern, characterized by the formation of several metabolic products that are more toxic than the parent compound, has been established for APEs. We have studied the in vivo metabolism and organ distribution of NP in juvenile salmon. Fish were exposed to a single oral dose of [3H]-4-n-NP (1295 KBq, 25 μg) and sampled at 24, 48 and 72 h after exposure. Metabolites were separated by radio-high-performance liquid chromatography and tentatively identified by co-chromatography with standards characterized by mass spectrometry. Our results show that 4-n-NP was mainly metabolized in vivo to its corresponding glucuronide conjugate and to a lesser extent to various hydroxylated and oxidated compounds. Biliary excretion at 72 h after dosing amounted to 2.83±0.75% of the administered radioactivity. Kinetic analysis shows that NP-glucuronide accounted for 83, 95 and 81% of total radioactivity in the HPLC-injected bile sample at 24, 48 and 72 h, respectively, after exposure. The half-life of residues in carcass and muscle was between 24 and 48 h after exposure. 相似文献
13.
14.
15.
Solid Phase Extraction of Phenols from Water by Highly Porous Cross-linked Polystyrene The extraction of organic trace components from water by solid phase extraction has largely substituted liquid/liquid extraction. For the isolation of many underivatized phenols with significant water solubility however, the conventional surface-modified silicagels are unsuitable. In the following, results are reported of experiments with a novel, highly porous material of cross-linked polystyrene. Using columns with 0.2 g of the adsorbent, the isolation of more than 60 differently substituted phenols, including 6 pesticides and 31 metabolites, in the concentration range of 25 to 125 ng/L has been accomplished. After adsorption from 1 L of sample water, derivatization and gas chromatographic determination recoveries ranged from 70 to 100%. 相似文献
16.
南海海洋真菌Fusarium sp.(#2489)的代谢产物 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
首次对南海海洋真菌Fusarium sp.(#2489)的代谢产物进行研究，从菌体和培养液中共分离纯化得10个化合物，它们的结构通过IR，MS，NMR谱以及元素分析推导确定，其中（3′E，4E)-1-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-3-羟基-2-（2′-羟基十八碳酰基）氨基-10-甲基-3′，4，9-十八碳三烯（A）是鞘胺醇甙，为首次从海洋真菌中分离得到。 相似文献