闪电气象学研究进展   总被引：13，自引：1，他引：12  

郄秀书  刘冬霞  孙竹玲 《气象学报》2014,72(5):1054-1068

闪电气象学是随着现代闪电探测和定位技术的发展与应用而不断发展起来的一个学科,也是大气电学和气象学的重要交叉学科分支。综述了近年来中国在闪电气象学方面的发展和研究进展,主要从5个方面进行阐述和回顾：在闪电气象学研究中发挥了重要作用的现代闪电探测和定位技术,不同类型强对流天气系统的闪电活动特征,闪电活动与雷暴的动力、微物理结构的关系,雷暴电荷结构探测和数值模拟,以及闪电资料同化方法及其在强对流天气中的预警预报作用和闪电的预报等,并指出了中国闪电气象学今后的努力方向。  相似文献   

一种多传感器融合事件识别算法     

郭忠文  王玺  胡乃军  仇利克 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2014,44(10):155-160

针对传感器网络中事件识别存在的误判问题,提出一种新的多传感器融合事件识别算法。算法通过对网络中产生的事件识别数据,进行统一的变换处理,建立可实时更新的基于概率的事件识别规则。算法有效提高了事件识别的成功率,利用实测数据进行仿真试验,验证了算法的有效性。  相似文献   

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����  ����  ��� 《大地测量与地球动力学》2014,34(5):168-173

????3?????????????????LiDAR??????????????????????????LiDAR??????????????飬????????????????????????????????????????С???巽???????????3??????????????????3?????????????3???????????????????????????裬?????????????μó?????????б????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????й???????????У?????????????в??????С??detMCD?в????????????С????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????С???????????????????????????????????????TIN?????????????,???????????????????????????Ч???LiDAR?????????е????????????????????????  相似文献   

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����  �߾���  ������  ��� 《大地测量与地球动力学》2014,34(6):97-101

???????Vondrak?????????????EKF??,???????GPS??????λ??????????????EKF??????????????????Vondrak??????????????????μ????EKF???????????????д???????λ????????????????EKF???????????????????????д???????????????EKF????????????????д?????????????????????????????????????п????????????????????Ч???  相似文献   

地质灾害GPS实时监测预警系统关键技术探讨     

谭明  丁华祥  李成钢 《地理信息世界》2014,(3):59-63

利用GPS形变监测、一机多天线(GMS)及CORS等技术,探讨基于GDCORS的GPS监测数据的实时处理、灾害因子分析、灾害趋势分析等关键技术,用于高精度滑坡形变在线监测研究和应用。通过系统设计与集成,开展地质灾害隐患点滑坡地表形变远程动态监测示范站建设,为地质灾害发生的可能性分析与预报提供科学依据。  相似文献   

地面气象观测中结冰自动化观测的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

蒲晓虎  张春波  马舒庆  杨玲  梁丽 《气象》2014,40(2):234-237

在地面气象观测业务中一般采取人工观测判断结冰现象是否发生。为了提高结冰观测的工作效率,结冰自动化观测已经成为必然的趋势。文章介绍一种新的结冰自动化观测装置,通过检测结冰过程中由于潜热释放引起的温度突变上升过程,判断结冰现象的发生,实现结冰自动化观测。结合结冰温度观测数据对结冰过程中各个阶段特征进行分析,并与人工观测的结果进行对比,结果表明结冰自动化观测装置能够比较准确地实现结冰现象的检测,具有一定的实际应用价值。  相似文献   

博白县雷电灾害防御工作现状及应对措施     

梁振华 《气象研究与应用》2014,35(3):108-109

通过对博白县雷电灾害防御工作现状分析,找出博白县当前防雷工作突出问题,提出进一步做好雷电灾害防御工作的应对措施。  相似文献   

An Overview of Passive and Active Dust Detection Methods Using Satellite Measurements          下载免费PDF全文

CHEN Bin  ZHANG Peng  ZHANG Beidou  JIA Rui  ZHANG Zhijuan  WANG Tianhe  ZHOU Tian 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2014,28(6):1029-1040

In this paper, the methods to detect dust based on passive and active measurements from satellites have been summarized. These include the visible and infrared (VIR) method, thermal infrared (TIR) method, microwave polarized index (MPI) method, active lidar-based method, and combined lidar and infrared measurement (CLIM) method. The VIR method can identify dust during daytime. Using measurements at wavelengths of 8.5, 11.0, and 12.0 μm, the TIR method can distinguish dust from other types of aerosols and cloud, and identify the occurrence of dust over bright surfaces and during night. Since neither the VIR nor the TIR method can penetrate ice clouds, they cannot detect dust beneath ice clouds. The MPI method, however, can identify about 85% of the dust beneath ice clouds. Meanwhile, the active lidar-based method, which uses the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP) data and five-dimensional probability distribution functions, can provide very high-resolution vertical profiles of dust aerosols. Nonetheless, as the signals from dense dust and thin clouds are similar in the CALIOP measurements, the lidar-based method may fail to distinguish between them, especially over dust source regions. To address this issue, the CLIM method was developed, which takes the advantages of both TIR measurements (to discriminate between ice cloud and dense dust layers) and lidar measurements (to detect thin dust and water cloud layers). The results obtained by using the new CLIM method show that the ratio of dust misclassification has been significantly reduced. Finally, a concept module for an integrated multi-satellites dust detection system was proposed to overcome some of the weaknesses inherent in the single-sensor dust detection.  相似文献   

Recent Advances in Research of Lightning Meteorology          下载免费PDF全文

QIE Xiushu  LIU Dongxi  SUN Zhuling 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2014,28(5):983-1002

Lightning meteorology focuses on investigating the lightning activities in different types of convective weather systems and the relationship of lightning to the dynamic and microphysical processes in thunder- storms. With the development and application of advanced lightning detection and location technologies, lightning meteorology has been developed into an important interdiscipline between atmospheric electricity and meteorology. This paper mainly reviews the advances of lightning meteorology research in recent years in China from the following five aspects： 1） development of advanced lightning location technology, 2） char- acteristics of lightning activity in different convective systems, 3） relationship of lightning to the dynamic and microphysical processes in thunderstorms, 4） charge structure of thunderstorms, and 5） lightning data assimilation techniques and application to severe weather forecasting. In addition, some important aspects on future research of the lightning meteorology are proposed.  相似文献   

Assessment of the image misregistration effects on object-based change detection     

《ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing》2014

High-spatial resolution remote sensing imagery provides unique opportunities for detailed characterization and monitoring of landscape dynamics. To better handle such data sets, change detection using the object-based paradigm, i.e., object-based change detection (OBCD), have demonstrated improved performances over the classic pixel-based paradigm. However, image registration remains a critical pre-process, with new challenges arising, because objects in OBCD are of various sizes and shapes. In this study, we quantified the effects of misregistration on OBCD using high-spatial resolution SPOT 5 imagery (5 m) for three types of landscapes dominated by urban, suburban and rural features, representing diverse geographic objects. The experiments were conducted in four steps: (i) Images were purposely shifted to simulate the misregistration effect. (ii) Image differencing change detection was employed to generate difference images with all the image-objects projected to a feature space consisting of both spectral and texture variables. (iii) The changes were extracted using the Mahalanobis distance and a change ratio. (iv) The results were compared to the ‘real’ changes from the image pairs that contained no purposely introduced registration error. A pixel-based change detection method using similar steps was also developed for comparisons. Results indicate that misregistration had a relatively low impact on object size and shape for most areas. When the landscape is comprised of small mean object sizes (e.g., in urban and suburban areas), the mean size of ‘change’ objects was smaller than the mean of all objects and their size discrepancy became larger with the decrease in object size. Compared to the results using the pixel-based paradigm, OBCD was less sensitive to the misregistration effect, and the sensitivity further decreased with an increase in local mean object size. However, high-spatial resolution images typically have higher spectral variability within neighboring pixels than the relatively low resolution datasets. As a result, accurate image registration remains crucial to change detection even if an object-based approach is used.  相似文献