Mechanism of mineralization in the Changjiang uranium ore field,South China: Evidence from fluid inclusions,hydrothermal alteration,and H–O isotopes     

《Ore Geology Reviews》2017

The Changjiang uranium ore field, which contains >10,000 tonnes of recoverable U with a grade of 0.1–0.5%, is hosted by Triassic two-mica and Jurassic biotite granites, and is one of the most important uranium ore fields in South China. The minerals associated with alteration and mineralization can be divided into two stages, namely syn-ore and post-ore. The syn-ore minerals are primarily quartz, pitchblende, hematite, hydromica, chlorite, fluorite, and pyrite; the post-ore minerals include quartz, calcite, fluorite, pyrite, and hematite. The fluid inclusions of the early syn-ore stage characteristically contain O₂, and those of the late syn-ore and post-ore stage contain H₂ and CH₄. The fluid inclusions in quartz of the syn-ore stage include H₂O, H₂O–CO₂, and CO₂ types, and they occur in clusters or along trails. Homogenization temperatures (T_h) for the H₂O–CO₂ and two-phase H₂O inclusions range from 106 °C to >350 °C and cluster in two distinct groups for each type; salinities are lower than 10 wt% NaCl equiv. The ore-forming fluids underwent CO₂ effervescence or phase separation at ∼250 °C under a pressure of 1000–1100 bar. The U/Th values of the altered granites are lowest close to the ore, increase outwards, but subsequently decrease close to unaltered granites. From the unaltered granites to the ore, the lowest Fe₂O₃/FeO values become lower and the highest values higher. The REE patterns of the altered granites and the ores are similar to each other. The U contents of the ores show a positive correlation with total REE contents but a negative correlation with LREE/HREE ratios, indicating the pitchblende is REE-bearing and selectively HREE-rich. The δEu values of the ore show a positive correlation with U contents, indicating the early syn-ore fluids were oxidizing. The δCe values show a negative correlation, indicating the later mineralization environment became reducing. The water–rock interactions of the early syn-ore stage resulted in oxidization of altered granites and reduction of the ore-forming fluids, and it was this reduction that led to the uranium mineralization. During alteration in the early syn-ore stage, the oxidizing fluids leached uranium from granites close to faults, and Fe₂O₃/FeO ratios increased in the alteration zones. The late syn-ore and post-ore alteration decreased the Fe₂O₃/FeO ratios in the alteration zones. The δ¹⁸O_W–SMOW values of the ore-forming fluids range from −1.8‰ to 5.4‰, and the δD_W–SMOW values range from −104.4‰ to −51.6‰, suggesting meteoric water. The meteoric water underwent at least two stages of water–rock interaction: the first caused the fluids to become uranium-bearing, and the second stage, which was primarily associated with ore-bearing faults, led to uranium deposition as pitchblende, accompanied by CO₂ effervescence.  相似文献   

巴尔哲超大型稀有稀土矿床成矿机制研究   总被引：9，自引：2，他引：7  

杨武斌  牛贺才  单强  罗勇  于学元  裘愉卓 《岩石学报》2009,25(11):2924-2932

巴尔哲矿床中的矿化和非矿化碱性花岗岩主要造岩矿物均为微斜长石、石英、钠闪石和钠长石,但其相对含量及颗粒大小明显不同,且两类岩石中包裹体的组成特征及锆石的结晶习性也有显著差异.主量元素分析显示,矿化与非矿化碱性花岗岩均以富硅、富碱、贫镁和钙为特征,为较典型的非造山A型花岗岩.尽管矿化碱性花岗岩中K_2O和Na_2O的含量均没有明显的增加,但其Na+K/Al、Na_2O+K_2O/CaO、FeO~*/MgO及K_2O/MgO等岩石化学参数与非矿化碱性花岗岩明显不同.在矿化碱性花岗岩中除了矿化的稀土元素及Nb、Zr强烈富集外,U、Th及Y也明显富集,而Ba、Sr、P、Eu和Ti表现为强烈的亏损.在非矿化碱性花岗岩中除了大离子亲石元素Rb略有富集外,稀土元素、Nb、Zr、U、Th、Ta及Y并无明显富集,虽然Sr、P、Eu和Ti也表现为亏损,但与矿化碱性花岗岩相比其亏损程度明显降低.岩相学、岩石化学及微量元素地球化学特征显示,矿化碱性花岗岩不可能是非矿化碱性花岗岩硅化和钠长石化作用的产物,二者应是同一岩浆体系不同演化阶段熔体固结的产物.K/Rb、Rb/Sr及δEu等地球化学参数显示,矿化碱性花岗岩是高演化A型花岗质熔体固结的产物;而岩石学、包裹体及地球化学特征则显示,这种高演化的A型花岗质熔体已经进入了岩浆一热液过渡阶段.巴尔哲矿床稀有稀土元素的超常富集和成矿与A型花岗岩的高演化过程密切相关.  相似文献   

中亚斑岩铜矿时空分布规律及主要成矿特征     

成守德  祁世军  高鹏  黄诚  郗文亮  田忠锋 《新疆地质》2009,27(Z1)

中亚造山带的斑岩铜矿主要成矿作用与古亚洲洋的发展演化、消亡及新陆壳固结期构造-岩浆作用有密切成因联系.可划分出1个早古生代,3个晚古生代斑岩铜矿带,含14个矿化密集区.在此基础上,指出晚古生代中-晚期是中亚斑岩铜矿的主成矿期.  相似文献   

桂东北钨锡稀有金属矿床的成矿类型、成矿时代及其地质背景   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

李晓峰  冯佐海  肖荣  宋慈安  杨锋  王翠云  康志强  毛伟 《地质学报》2012,86(11):1713-1725

在大地构造位置上,桂东北地区位于江南造山带与华南褶皱带的过渡部位,具有独特的构造地理位置。在精细测试一系列典型矿床及其有关的花岗岩年代学的基础上,本文根据矿床类型、成矿元素组合,把该地区矿床分为6个成矿系统:①与志留纪花岗岩有关W-Mo矿;②与二叠世花岗岩有关Pb-Zn矿床;③与晚三叠世花岗岩有关W-Mo和Sn-Nb-Ta矿床;④与中—晚侏罗世花岗岩有关的W-Sn矿床;⑤与白垩世花岗岩有关的W-Sn矿床;⑥与花岗岩有关的铀矿。这些矿床的形成与不同时期构造-岩浆演化密切相关,主要形成于同碰撞挤压环境或者碰撞后伸展环境。  相似文献   

东天山土屋-延东大型、超大型斑岩铜矿田成矿条件探讨   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

木合塔尔·买买提  桑树勋  木合塔尔·扎日  成斌 《新疆地质》2011,29(2):166-172

以东天山土屋-延东斑岩铜矿田为研究对象,在总结前人研究资料及进行针对性野外地质调查基础上,通过土屋-延东斑岩铜矿田成矿地质特征综合分析,对成矿构造背景、相关岩浆活动、围岩、成矿物质来源及成矿流体等进行探讨,获得初步认识.土屋-延东斑岩铜矿田主要形成于聚合板块活动时期陆缘构造岩浆活动带,与造山带汇聚阶段俯冲-碰撞作用有关...  相似文献   

新疆富铁矿成矿特征及主攻类型成矿模式探讨   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

董连慧  冯京  庄道泽  李凤鸣  屈迅  刘德权  唐延龄 《新疆地质》2011,29(4):416-422

富铁矿资源是我国紧缺战略资源,远远不能满足我国钢铁生产需求.近年来新疆富铁矿找矿重大突破表明,富铁矿是新疆优势资源,是我国寻找富铁矿重点远景区.从新疆实际地质条件和成矿特征出发,初步形成植根于新疆实际的“新疆富铁矿成矿新理论及主攻类型的成矿模式”,并分别构建了“上叠裂谷火山岩型富铁矿成矿模式”、“沉积变质-热液加富型铁矿床成矿模式”和“海相沉积-加富型菱铁矿矿床成矿模式”.这些成矿新认识和新成矿模式在本区铁矿评价中广泛应用,取得很好效果,丰富了铁矿成矿理论,拓展了新疆铁矿找矿领域.  相似文献   

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674987111000508   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Yanhua Zhang  J. Robinson  P.M. Schaubs 《地学前缘(英文版)》2011,2(3):449-461

This paper presents the results of a set of numerical models focussing on structural controls on hydrothermal mineralization.We first give an overview of natural phenomena of structurally-controlled ore formation and the background theory and mechanisms for such controls. We then provide the results of a group of simple 2D numerical models validated through comparison with Cu-vein structure observed near the Shilu Copper deposit(Yangchun,Guangdong Province, China) and finally a case study of 3D numerical modelling applied to the Hodgkinson Province in North Queensland(Australia).Two modelling approaches,discrete deformation modelling and continuum coupled deformation and fluid flow modelling,are involved.The 2D model-derived patterns are remarkably consistent with the Cu-vein structure from the Shilu Copper deposit,and show that both modelling approaches can realistically simulate the mechanical behaviours of shear and dilatant fractures.The continuum coupled deformation and fluid flow model indicates that pattern of the Cuveins near the Shilu deposit is the result of shear strain localization,development of dilation and fluid focussing into the dilatant fracture segments.The 3D case-study models(with deformation and fluid flow coupling) on the Hodgkinson Province generated a number of potential gold mineralization targets.  相似文献   

新疆西准噶尔发现早泥盆世埃达克岩:大地构造及成矿意义   总被引：10，自引：6，他引：4  

王金荣  贾志磊  李泰德  马锦龙  赵磊  何彦彬  张伟  刘昆鑫 《岩石学报》2013,29(3):840-852

新疆西准噶尔博什库尔-成吉斯(Boshchekul-Chingiz)岩浆弧南缘,额敏县东南约100km的阿克乔克含铜花岗闪长岩和花岗闪长斑岩,其锆石U-Pb年龄为410.5±2.9Ma,形成于泥盆世早期.岩石具有埃达克岩的地球化学特征,表现为高钾钙碱性-钙碱性,SiO2含量在61％～66％之间,具高Al(Al2O3=15.67％ ～ 16.87％)、Sr(475×10-6 ～ 879×10-6)及高Sr/Y比值(36 ～77),低Y(9.87×10-6～14.46×10-6)、Yb(0.96×10-6～ 1.49×10-6),富钠贫钾(Na2O =4.25％ ～5.58％,K2O=2.26％ ～3.27％,Na2O/K2O=1.40～ 2.47),MgO=1.51％ ～2.58％,Mg#=41～48,并显示富集强不相容元素(Ba、Rb、Sr、Th、U)和LREE,(La/Yb)N=6.0～10.2,强烈亏损高场强元素(Nb-Ta、Ti),Y/Yb=10,无Eu异常(Eu/Eu*≈1.0)和HREE呈平坦型的配分特点,以及与环太平洋新生代埃达克岩相当的Rb/Sr(0.04 ～0.07)和La/Ce(0.42 ～0.51)比值,但偏低的Nb/U比值可能与俯冲沉积物加入有关.阿克乔克花岗闪长岩及花岗闪长斑岩是早泥盆世早期库吉拜-和布克赛尔(Kujibai-Hebukesaier)及洪古勒楞蛇绿岩带所代表的古大洋向南俯冲的玄武质洋壳部分熔融的产物,源区残留相主要为角闪石+辉石+石榴石,源岩应为石榴角闪岩;阿克乔克早泥盆世埃达克岩及谢米斯台-赛尔山晚志留世-早泥盆世A-型花岗岩(422～405 Ma,Chen et al.,2010)构造岩浆岩带可东延至扎河坝-阿尔曼太蛇绿岩带之北的岛弧带,构成一条贯穿东、西准噶尔北部的巨型构造带;阿克乔克埃达克岩伴有斑岩型Cu成矿作用,因此,在东、西准噶尔博什库尔-成吉斯-达拉特-巴依塔格巨型岩浆弧带有可能存在与埃达克岩有关的Cu-Au矿带.  相似文献   

云南北衙富碱斑岩体特征与成矿关系          下载免费PDF全文

左琼华  朱婉明  杨加庆 《江苏地质》2013,37(1):102-109

北衙富碱斑岩体分布在北衙向斜两翼,其展布主要受北北东、北北西及东西向3组断裂控制,绝大部分呈南北走向,平面上呈脉状,剖面上呈钟状、脉状,局部透镜状,向深部有膨大相连趋势,北衙金多金属矿化分布主要与近南北向的富碱斑岩体关系密切,矿化主要发生在岩体与三叠系中统北衙组(T2b3—T2b5)灰岩的接触破碎带及灰岩层间构造破碎带中。通过对大量钻探资料的分析研究认为,北衙金多金属矿床及其成矿物质主要来自于富碱斑岩体中的石英正长斑岩,属于富碱斑岩-热液型金多金属矿床。  相似文献   

闹牛山铜矿床火山机构控矿特征及次火山岩系列演化   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

张百胜 《矿产与地质》2000,14(5):299-302

闹牛山铜矿床受火山机构控制,反映了成矿作用从供矿→运矿→集中→定位的全过程,次火山岩从基中性→中性→酸性方向演化,铜矿与次火山岩具有同空间,同时间（或稍后）,同源的特征。  相似文献