Jianganlin Surface Rupture of Lushan Ms7.0 Earthquake, Sichuan, China     

LIU Mingjun  WANG Fuyun  JIA Shixu  HAN Yanjie  LI Xuemin  FENG Jianlin  SUN Hong  XIN Hailiang  ZHANG Jianshi  TAO Hong  DAI Aopeng  SUN Yin  WANG chong 《《地质学报》英文版》2013,87(Z1):367-367

  相似文献   

龙门山区湔江水系样式及其对汶川地震的响应     

丁海容  李勇  闫亮  颜照坤  赵国华  马超 《第四纪研究》2013,33(4)

2008年“5.12”四川汶川Ms8.0地震是发生在龙门山构造带中段的一次重大灾变事件,地震沿映秀-北川、彭灌和小鱼洞等3条断裂带发生了地震地表破裂,同震构造变形造成这些断裂带地表地貌特征发生巨大变化,地震还伴生了大量滑坡和崩塌,在雨季,强降雨驱动了大规模泥石流的发生,从而导致龙门山构造带的河流地貌发生了一系列变化和响应.本次研究利用SRTM3-DEM数据,以地理信息系统(GIS)为平台,通过ArcGIS 9.3软件中的水文分析模块,提取了湔江流域的水系样式图.在此基础上,通过对小鱼洞地区地表破裂组合样式与湔江水系样式的匹配性研究,结果表明:1)地表破裂走向对河道走向具有明显的控制作用(如映秀-北川断裂控制了湔江上游的河道和流向);2)地表破裂走向对河道偏转及坡折点具有明显的控制作用(如小鱼洞断裂导致了湔江主河道的偏转、彭县-灌县断裂控制了白鹿河的坡折点及转折点);3)地表破裂组合样式对水系样式具有明显的控制作用,表现在小鱼洞地区“工”字形的地表破裂组合样式对湔江水系样式的控制作用,使得湔江水系样式具有不对称性、不规则性.由此可知:湔江水系样式主要受到汶川地震地表破裂及组合样式的控制作用.  相似文献   

Surface Rupture of the 1515 Yongsheng Earthquake in Northwest Yunnan,and Its Seismogeological Implications   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

HUANG Xiaolong  WU Zhonghai  WU Kungang 《《地质学报》英文版》2018,92(4):1324-1333

The 1515 M7? Yongsheng earthquake is the strongest earthquake historically in northwest Yunnan. However, its time, magnitude and the seismogenic fault have long been a topic of dispute. In order to accurately define those problems, a 1:50000 active tectonic mapping was carried out along the northern segment of the Chenghai–Binchuan fault zone. The result shows that there is an at least 25 km–long surface rupture and a series of seismic landslides distributed along the Jinguan fault and the Chenghai fault. Radiocarbon dating of the ~(14) C samples indicates that the surface rupture should be a part of the deformation zone caused by the Yongsheng earthquake in the year 1515. The distribution characteristics of this surface rupture indicate that the macroscopic epicenter of the 1515 Yongsheng earthquake may be located near Hongshiya, and the seismogenic fault of this earthquake is the Jinguan–Chenghai fault, the northern part of the Chenghai–Binchuan fault zone. Striations on the surface rupture show that the latest motion of the fault is normal faulting. The maximum co–seismic vertical displacement can be 3.8 m, according to the empirical formula for the fault displacement and moment magnitude relationship, the moment magnitude of the Yongsheng earthquake was Mw 7.3–7.4. Furthermore, combining published age data with the ~(14) C data in this paper reveals that at least four large earthquakes of similar size to the 1515 Yongsheng earthquake, have taken place across the northern segment of the Chenghai–Binchuan fault zone since 17190±50 yr. BP. The in–situ recurrence interval of Mw 7.3–7.4 characteristic earthquakes in Yongsheng along this fault zone is possibly on the order of 6 ka.  相似文献   

Evolution of the Kuroshio Tropical Water from the Luzon Strait to the east of Taiwan     

《Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers》2014

This study examines the evolution of the Kuroshio Tropical Water (KTW) from the Luzon Strait to the I-Lan Ridge northeast of Taiwan. Historical conductivity temperature depth (CTD) profiles are analyzed using a method based on the calculation of the root mean square (rms) difference of the salinity along isopycnals. In combination with analysis of the distribution of the salinity maximum, this method enables water masses in the Kuroshio and the vicinity, to be tracked and distinguished as well as the detection of the areas where water masses are modified. Vertical and horizontal eddy diffusivities are then calculated from hydrographic and current velocity data to elucidate the dynamics underlying the KTW interactions with the surrounding water masses. Changes in KTW properties mainly occur in the southern half of the Luzon Strait, while moderate variations are observed east of Taiwan on the right flank of the Kuroshio. In spite of a front dividing the KTW from the South China Sea Tropical Water (SCSTW) on Kuroshio׳s western side, mixing between these two water masses seemingly occurs in the Luzon Strait. These water masses׳ interaction is not evident east of Taiwan. The estimation of eddy diffusivities yields high horizontal diffusivities (K_h~10² m² s⁻¹) all along the Kuroshio path, due to the high current shear along the Kuroshio׳s flanks. The vertical diffusivity approaches 10⁻³ m² s⁻¹, with the highest values in the southern Luzon Strait. Instabilities generated when the Kuroshio encounters the rough topography of this region may enhance both vertical and horizontal diffusivities there.  相似文献   

Nearshore sticky waters     

《Ocean Modelling》2014

Wind- and current-driven flotsam, oil spills, pollutants, and nutrients, approaching the nearshore will frequently appear to slow down/park just beyond the break zone, where waves break. Moreover, the portion of these tracers that beach will do so only after a long time. Explaining why these tracers park and at what rate they reach the shore has important implications on a variety of different nearshore environmental issues, including the determination of what subscale processes are essential in computer models for the simulation of pollutant transport in the nearshore. Using a simple model we provide an explanation for the underlying mechanism responsible for the parking of tracers, not subject to inertial effects, the role played by the bottom topography, and the non-uniform dispersion which leads, in some circumstances, to the eventual landing of all or a portion of the tracers. We refer to the parking phenomenon in this environment as nearshore sticky waters.  相似文献   

地中海涡旋的垂向结构与物理性质   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

陈江欣  宋海斌  拜阳  Luis Pinheiro  黄兴辉  刘伯然 《地球物理学报》2013,56(3):943-952

本文利用地震海洋学新的反演结果,对地中海涡旋的温度、密度、声速以及波阻抗等物理性质进行了详细的分析与讨论,特别对地中海涡旋的一些细结构、混合过程进行了相关描述.研究分析取得以下认识:(1)涡旋具有涡旋核心水与涡旋混合水双层结构,这种结构特征可以在温度图、声速图和波阻抗图中识别出来;(2)涡旋核心水并不是均匀的稳定结构,内部有微弱的混合作用;(3)在涡旋上部以及周围边缘区域,海水的混合比较复杂;在涡旋下部边缘区域,除了有小尺度的盐指混合,内波也是非常重要的动力混合作用;(4)海水密度在涡旋核心水的分布比较稳定,成层性较强,在混合水区域由于不同的混合作用及其强烈程度不同,会发生波动甚至反转;(5)涡旋本身并不是一个严格对称的结构,涡旋与背景海水的上部以及周围边界比较模糊和复杂,而涡旋下部边界则比较明显.地震海洋学反演提供的涡旋物理性质数据能够为涡旋进一步的研究提供更为准确、更高精度以及更高分辨率的参考数据,同时对涡旋的运动学以及动力学研究提供了更进一步的研究方法和研究方向.  相似文献   

2014年于田Ms7.3地震野外调查——特殊的地表破裂带   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李海兵  孙知明  潘家伟  刘栋梁  张佳佳  李成龙  刘亢  云锟  龚正 《地球学报》2014,35(3):391-394

2014年2月12日在新疆于田县境内西昆仑山东段地区发生了Ms7.3级强烈地震, 震后快速野外考察表明, 这次地震在海拔4600~5100 m的地区形成了由一系列张裂隙、张剪裂隙、剪切裂隙以及挤压鼓包和裂陷等斜列状组合而成的地表破裂带, 整体呈NEE—SWW走向, 全长约25 km, 显示出左旋走滑伴随有正滑分量的特征, 最大左旋位移约1 m。地表破裂带分别沿两条平行的阿什库勒—硝尔库勒断裂和南硝尔库勒断裂分布, 这是一种特殊的地表破裂带。发震断裂属于阿尔金断裂带西南段尾端分支断裂, 它与郭扎错断裂和龙木错断裂构成“新阿尔金断裂”。  相似文献   

On the nudging terms at open boundaries in regional ocean models     

《Ocean Modelling》2013

For open boundary conditions (OBCs) in regional models, a nudging term added to radiative and/or advective conditions during the wave or flow propagation outward from the model domain of interest is widely used, to prevent the predicted boundary values from evolving to become quite different from the external data, especially for a long-term integration. However, nudging time scales are basically unknown, leading to many empirical selections. In this paper, a method for objectively estimating nudging time scales during outward propagation is proposed, by using internal model dynamics near the boundary. We tested this method and other several commonly used OBCs for cases of both an idealized model domain and a realistic configuration, and model results demonstrated that the proposed method improves the model solutions. Many similarities are found between the nudging and mixing time scales, in magnitude, spatial and temporal variations, since the nudging mainly replaces the effect of the mixing terms in this study. However, the mixing time scale is not an intrinsic property of the nudging term because in other studies the nudging term might replace terms other than the mixing terms and, thus, should reflect other characteristic time scales.  相似文献   

地震破裂带特殊部位大型滑坡及其基于构造地貌发生模型的机制解释:以东河口抛射型滑坡为例     

袁仁茂  谭锡斌  陈桂华  徐锡伟 《地学前缘》2010,17(5):243

汶川地震在龙门山地区激发了大量的次生地质灾害,其中尤以滑坡灾害分布最为广泛和严重。在所有滑坡灾害中,东河口滑坡发生在北川破裂带的北东端点,具有相当的特殊性,并造成了大量的生命财产损失。东河口滑坡是一种抛射型滑坡,具有与其他如重力或者降雨作用导致的滑坡不同的特点,即没有统一连续的滑动面,由上部比较深陡和下部比较浅缓的截然分开的两部分组成,在强地震加速度的作用下,滑坡体被抛射并在与地面发生碰撞之前沿抛物线轨迹运行。文章综合分析了东河口抛射型滑坡发生的地质地貌条件,并解释了该抛射型滑坡发生的动力源机制。结果显示,东河口滑坡区的滑坡带和翼状裂隙带在北川破裂带两侧的规则分布受控于断层的运动方式和滑坡的空间分布位置;此外,除地震动水平加速度和地质地貌条件外,垂直加速度和断层的运动方式对地震滑坡的激发也起着重要的作用。  相似文献   

东至县兆吉口铅锌多金属矿成矿地质特征及找矿方向     

曹达旺  陈永明  乐成生 《上海国土资源》2010,31(Z1)

本文从控矿地层、控矿构造、矿体特征、热液蚀变等方面阐述了东至县兆吉口铅锌多金属矿成矿地质特征。通过对东至县兆吉口地区成矿地质条件综合分析,划分了兆吉口一叶家、杨树桥、万年灯、草鞋树、何村五片铅、锌、金、银、铜、钼远景区,为该区下步地质找矿指明了方向。  相似文献