全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2266篇 |
免费 | 548篇 |
国内免费 | 441篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 171篇 |
大气科学 | 281篇 |
地球物理 | 875篇 |
地质学 | 1098篇 |
海洋学 | 456篇 |
天文学 | 8篇 |
综合类 | 123篇 |
自然地理 | 243篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 9篇 |
2023年 | 31篇 |
2022年 | 78篇 |
2021年 | 88篇 |
2020年 | 121篇 |
2019年 | 119篇 |
2018年 | 116篇 |
2017年 | 107篇 |
2016年 | 117篇 |
2015年 | 128篇 |
2014年 | 180篇 |
2013年 | 179篇 |
2012年 | 148篇 |
2011年 | 154篇 |
2010年 | 132篇 |
2009年 | 143篇 |
2008年 | 130篇 |
2007年 | 153篇 |
2006年 | 146篇 |
2005年 | 117篇 |
2004年 | 106篇 |
2003年 | 99篇 |
2002年 | 84篇 |
2001年 | 67篇 |
2000年 | 77篇 |
1999年 | 48篇 |
1998年 | 52篇 |
1997年 | 59篇 |
1996年 | 53篇 |
1995年 | 37篇 |
1994年 | 37篇 |
1993年 | 29篇 |
1992年 | 25篇 |
1991年 | 17篇 |
1990年 | 16篇 |
1989年 | 19篇 |
1988年 | 12篇 |
1987年 | 6篇 |
1986年 | 3篇 |
1985年 | 3篇 |
1984年 | 1篇 |
1983年 | 2篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
1978年 | 3篇 |
1954年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有3255条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
131.
W. Lindsay Whitlow 《Marine Ecology》2010,31(3):418-430
Many studies on invasive species show reduced native densities, but few studies measure trait‐mediated effects as mechanisms for changes in native growth rates and population dynamics. Where native prey face invasive predators, mechanisms for phenotypic change include selective predation, or induced behavioral or morphological plasticity. Invasive green crabs, Carcinus maenas, have contributed to declines in native soft‐shell clams, Mya arenaria, in coastal New England, USA. We tested the hypothesis that clam ability to detect chemical cues from predators or damaged conspecifics would induce greater burrowing depth as a refuge from invasive crabs, and greater burrowing would require increased siphon growth. To determine how crab predation affected clam survivorship and phenotypic traits in the field, clams in exclosure, open, and crab enclosure plots were compared. Crab predation reduced clam density, and surviving clams were deeper and larger, with longer siphons. To determine whether the mechanism for these results was selective predation or induced plasticity, phenotypes were compared between clams exposed to chemical cues from crab predation and clams exposed to seawater in laboratory and field experiments. In response to crab predation cues, clams burrowed deeper, with longer siphons and greater siphon mass. Overall, crab predation removed clams with shorter siphons at shallow depths, and crab predation cues induced greater burrowing depths and longer siphons. Longer siphons and greater siphon mass of deeper clams suggests clams may allocate energy to siphon growth in response to crabs. By determining native behavior and morphological changes in response to an invasive predator, this study adds to our understanding of mechanisms for invasive impacts and illustrates the utility of measuring trait‐mediated effects to investigate predator–prey dynamics. 相似文献
132.
There is an ongoing debate about the tectonic evolution of southeast Australia, particularly about the causes and nature of its accretion to a much older Precambrian core to the west. Seismic imaging of the crust can provide useful clues to address this issue. Seismic tomography imaging is a powerful tool often employed to map elastic properties of the Earth's lithosphere, but in most cases does not constrain well the depth of discontinuities such as the Mohorovi?i? (Moho). In this study, an alternative imaging technique known as receiver function (RF) has been employed for seismic stations near Canberra in the Lachlan Orogen to investigate: (i) the shear-wave-velocity profile in the crust and uppermost mantle, (ii) variations in the Moho depth beneath the Lachlan Orogen, and (iii) the nature of the transition between the crust and mantle. A number of styles of RF analyses were conducted: H-K stacking to obtain the best compressional–shear velocity (V P /V S) ratio and crustal thickness; nonlinear inversion for the shear-wave-velocity structure and inversion of the observed variations in RFs with back-azimuth to investigate potential dipping of the crustal layers and anisotropy. The thick crust (up to 48 km) and the mostly intermediate nature of the crust?mantle transition in the Lachlan Orogen could be due to the presence of underplating at the base of the crust, and possibly to the existing thick piles of Ordovician mafic rocks present in the mid and lower crust. Results from numerical modelling of RFs at three seismic stations (CAN, CNB and YNG) suggest that the observed variations with back-azimuth could be related to a complex structure beneath these stations with the likelihood of both a dipping Moho and crustal anisotropy. Our analysis reveals crustal thickening to the west beneath CAN station which could be due to slab convergence. The crustal thickening may also be related to the broad Macquarie volcanic arc, which is rooted to the Moho. The crustal anisotropy may arise from a strong N–S structural trend in the eastern Lachlan Orogen and to the preferred crystallographic orientation of seismically anisotropic minerals in the lower and middle crust related to the paleo-Pacific plate convergence. 相似文献
133.
本文介绍由重磁资料计算上海地区居里面、莫霍面、均衡重力异常及地幔流应力场的方法和成果,并在对成果初步分析的基础上,探讨了深部地质构造特征及其与地震活动趋势的关系,其中着重讨论了居里面及其与地震活动的关系。文章最后提出了对上海地区地震活动趋势的几点认识。 相似文献
134.
本文以大量实测资料为基础,探讨了季节融化层导温性能及地温峰值滞后等自然因素对多年冻土上限深度的影响。还通过地表面的热效应和气温脉动的研究,讨论了多年冻土上限深度的小区域特点和未来期望值。提出了适合青藏高原多年冻土区计算多年冻土上限深度的半经验公式。由于主要依据是地温的分布和传导特征,故称之为“地温法”。 相似文献
135.
为了进一步研究唐山地区深部地壳构造与唐山大地震孕育及发生的关系,国家地震局地球物理研究所在石油部物探局的协助下,于1985年1月在唐山震区完成了64km长的深反射剖面野外观测,获得了高分辨率的整个地壳结构的详细资料。分析结果表明,唐山震区内深度500m以上的沉积层十分破碎;结晶基底为前震旦纪地层,埋深2-7km不等,覆盖地层倾斜,且断层发育,其中陡河断裂为正断层,延深至6-7km,推断该断层为1976年唐山发震的重要构造之一。测线上大约21km深处普遍存在一反射层;莫霍面深度在31-32km左右,与该地区折射剖面得到的结果相当一致。 相似文献
136.
137.
Norikazu Matsuoka 《地球表面变化过程与地形》1994,19(5):423-435
Rock temperatures were monitored for a year at two alpine rockwalls in the Akaishi Range, Japan, where permafrost is absent. Diurnal frost and thaw penetration depths were evaluated from subsurface isotherms drawn on the basis of the temperature records at 0, 10 and 40 cm depths. The surface of the rockwalls experienced more than 100 diurnal freeze-thaw cycles, most of which accompanied a frost or thaw penetration shallower than 50 cm, and several long duration cycles with deeper frost or thaw penetration. Theoretical frost and thaw depths were also calculated by incorporating the surface freezing indices into the modified Berggren equation, the results from which were then compared with the actual values. The modified Berggren equation provided values that showed a strong correlation with observed depths, despite somewhat underestimating the actual values. Using the modified Berggren equation, the seasonal frost depth in the observed winter was estimated to be about 4·5 m. The frost and thaw depths are considered to give the maximum estimation of the depth to which frost-induced cracking can propagate in the bedrock. 相似文献
138.
本文分析了临汾盆地现代地震在时序分布上的阶段性,平面分布上的丛集性,及其震源三维分布与分布地深部构造的关系,指出盆地北部的临汾-洪洞凹陷为该区未来若干年内的主要发震区,而20-30km深度则是主要发震层次。 相似文献
139.
140.