直至核幔边界的Mg2SiO4成分熔体剪切粘滞度的平衡分子动力学研究     

张毅刚  聂高众 《岩石学报》1998,14(4):409-418

熔体的粘滞度极大地影响熔体的各处动力学行为。虽然有一些有关酸碱生熔体粘滞度的数据但涉及地球更深部过程的基性和超基性熔体的粘滞度的数据很少。本项研究利用平衡分子动力学方法Ｍｇ２ＳｉＯ４成分熔体从２１６９Ｋ到５５９５Ｋ。压力从１０＾５Ｐａ到１３５ＧＰａ的粘滞度,所获得的粘滞度数据介于Ｕｒｂａｉｎｅｔ ａｌ,（１９８２）和Ｉｖａｎｏｖ ａｎｄ Ｓｔｅｎｇｅｌｍｅｙｅｒ（１９８２）的实验数据之间,比Ｓｈａ  相似文献   

国际煤层气组成和成因研究   总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15  

李晶莹  陶明信 《地球科学进展》1998,13(5):467-473

煤层气已成为一种新兴的非常规天然气资源。煤层气是成煤物质在煤化过程中生成并储集于煤层中的气体。按其成因类型分为生物成因气和热成因气。生物成因气有原生和次生两种类型,原生生物成因气一般在低级煤中生成,很难保存下来。次生生物成因气常与后来的煤层含水系统的细菌活动有关。热成因煤层气的生成始于高挥发份烟煤（Ro＝０.5％～0.8％）。与分散的Ⅰ／Ⅱ型或Ⅲ型干酪根生成的气体相比,煤层气的地球化学组成变化较大,反映了控制煤层气组成和成因的因素多而复杂,主要的影响因素包括煤岩组分、煤级、生气过程和埋藏深度及相应的温度压力条件。此外,水动力等地质条件和次生作用等也影响着煤层气的组成。  相似文献   

Morphotectonic evidence from lateral propagation of an active frontal fold; Pakuashan anticline, foothills of Taiwan   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

B. Delcaillau  B. Deffontaines  L. Floissac  J. Angelier  J. Deramond  P. Souquet  H. T. Chu  J. F. Lee 《Geomorphology》1998,24(4):263-290

The Pakuashan anticline is uniquely suited for study of the forward and lateral growth of fault-related folds. The Pakuashan ridge development arises from the late Quaternary uplift of the most external thrust zone of the western foothills of Taiwan. From Kaoshiung to Taichung, recent and active westward thrusting occurs at the front of the foothills. The Pakuashan anticline, trending N 150°E in the northern part to N 000° in the southern part, has been active throughout the Quaternary period. This activity is marked by geological structures, tectonic geomorphology and seismicity. A multisource and multiscale approach to study of the continental collision setting has been undertaken to combine tectonics, sedimentology and geomorphology. Studies of fracture patterns allow identification of two main features of stress orientations: a WNW/ESE compression direction, and E–W and N–S extension directions. Quantitative geomorphic parameters have been used to define the morphotectonic evolution and to infer tectonic style along the mountain front. Geomorphic evidence provides significant information on the processes that govern lateral propagation of an active anticline. Quaternary terraces are uplifted, tilted and folded over the Pakuashan ridge. Drainage systems in areas of active compression give information on the thrust zone structures and their development. Steep drainage and high local relief indicate that the Pakuashan anticline forms a well-defined zone of high uplift, especially in the southern part. The two main controls on drainage in that area are rock strength in the hanging wall and propagation of the deformation towards the south.  相似文献   

文蛤属(Meretrix)16S rRNA基因及ITS1序列的系统学分析   总被引：8，自引：5，他引：8  

潘宝平  吴琪  张素萍  宋林生  卜文俊 《海洋与湖沼》2006,37(4):342-347

利用线粒体16SrRNA基因片段及核糖体DNA转录间隔区ITS1序列分析的方法,以近缘属的青蛤(Cyclinasinensis)为外群,对文蛤属的文蛤(M.meretrix)、丽文蛤(M.lusoria)、帘文蛤(M.lyrata)和斧文蛤(M.lamarckii)4种贝类进行了系统学研究。经ClustalX多重比对及DNAsp软件分析后,用PAUP4.0分析软件,计算出种间序列的碱基转换/颠换频率,利用邻接法NJ构建系统发育树。结果表明,帘文蛤与该属其他三种的分歧时间较早,两类序列与其他种类间的相对遗传距离分别在0.25866—0.28218和0.15644—0.20104之间。文蛤与丽文蛤间的16SrDNA及ITS1序列间的遗传距离仅为0.04805和0.04201,拓扑结构图显示关系很近,并且二者的分布区大面积重叠,其序列间的转换/颠换频率接近种内单元型(haplotype)间的序列变化,鉴于它们的贝壳形态有一定差别,应归为同一个种内的不同地理亚种比较恰当。  相似文献   

藻类分子生物技术两年评──基因工程及其上游──分子遗传学   总被引：8，自引：1，他引：8  

秦松  严小军  曾呈奎 《海洋与湖沼》1996,27(1):103-111

根据１９９２年１月－１９９４年６月国内外发表资料，评述藻类分子遗传学和基因工程领域的最新进展。认为：两年来藻类分子遗传学发展迅速，经济藻类基因工程研究已经有所突破。藻类学研究正在进入分子时代，分子生物技术成为推动藻类学研究和藻类资源开发的新动力。  相似文献   

Molecular iodine reduction by natural and model organic substances in seawater     

Victor W. Truesdale  George W. Luther III 《Aquatic Geochemistry》1995,1(1):89-104

The reactivity of 2 µM molecular iodine in seawater toward various organic compounds containing aromatic, -keto, amino, olefinic and sugar functional groups was investigated. More detailed studies have been made of the reduction kinetics with salicylic acid, -ketoglutaric acid and the polypeptide oxidized glutathione, particularly to establish whether variation over the pH range 4–9 would provide a similar reduction reactivity or fingerprint to that of molecular iodine added to natural seawater. The data indicates that compounds with only one functional group react with first order kinetics whereas compounds with multiple functional groups show more complex behaviour. Kinetic and thermodynamic modelling indicates that HOI is the main iodine species reacting with organic matter at seawater pH of 8.2. Based on the pH fingerprints, peptides and compounds containing carbonyl or -keto groups are the key reductants of molecular iodine added to seawater. These compounds form C-I and N-I bonds which can allow for a rich organic iodine chemistry in seawater. The model compound results are discussed in relation to oceanic processes.  相似文献   

运用分子标记辅助构建海带核心种质资源     

崔翠菊  李言  刘延岭  李晓捷  罗世菊  武瑞娜  王利芹  张壮志  孙娟  田鑫 《海洋科学》2016,40(1):18-24

海带(Saccharina japonica)是一种具有重要经济和生态价值的大型海藻,配子体是其种质资源保存的形式,也是海带杂交育种、育苗的材料。为有效管理和评价海带种质资源,初步构建了海带核心种质资源,利用RAPD标记技术对海带"早厚成一号"的28份配子体进行了遗传学评价。采用UPGMA聚类法,根据遗传相似性系数进行分组,采用简单比例法进行取样(25%、35%、50%、65%)分析,计算不同取样比例时的遗传多样性参数,结合样本的生长状态和雌、雄比例,综合评价遗传多样性的各种参数,取样比例为50%时构建的核心种质库相对合理。本研究为海带品种(系)的核心种质的筛选和遗传学评价打下基础。  相似文献   

郭家沟大型隐伏铅锌矿床的发现与意义     

王孝国 《地质与勘探》2014,50(5):932-937

郭家沟大型隐伏铅锌矿床的发现历时约十年时间,矿床位于西成铅锌矿带(田)的东段,属于洛坝铅锌矿床的东延,在地表无任何矿化显示的情况下,首先,通过分析地质成矿环境,确定找矿靶区;然后使用激发极化发现异常,并采用音频大地电磁法研究深部含矿层位、控矿构造形态;最后通过研究区域构造、围岩蚀变、含矿地层及其岩性组合特征得出：郭家沟矿区含矿带地层就挟持于F1与F5断裂之间,形成一个呈东西向展布的舌状地质构造体,是寻找本类型铅锌矿的直接标志;矿体集中分布在中泥盆统安家岔组焦沟层（D2a2-2b）的千枚岩与（D2a2-2a）的厚层结晶灰岩、生物碎屑灰岩、硅化灰岩接触带的硅化灰岩一侧;另外,硅化、铁白云石化、黄铁矿化、碳酸盐化（网脉状）、碎裂角砾岩等蚀变是找矿的重要标志。通过矿床的发现经过、矿床地质特征及物探异常特征研究,指出了该区的找矿方向;郭家沟大型隐伏铅锌矿床的发现拓宽了西成铅锌矿带（田）找矿空间。  相似文献   

长江中下游流域水土流失遥感调查和监测在基础地质环境评价中的应用     

刘同庆  陈有明 《安徽地质》2010,20(4):287-290

中国地质调查局2005年起实施了"长江流域基础地质环境遥感调查与监测"国土资源大调查项目,工作周期为3年。本文为其子项目——"长江流域水土流失遥感调查与监测"部分研究成果。文章以此次调查成果为依据,选择了经济活力较强经济发展较快的长江中下游地区加以介绍,分析了长江中下游地区水土流失的分布特征,研究了水土流失与基础地质环境的相关因素及其变化趋势,探讨了水土流失遥感调查在基础地质环境调查评价方面的应用情况,供同行们切磋。  相似文献   

Coastal deformation between the Versilia and the Garigliano plains (Italy) since the last interglacial stage     

Marco F. Nisi  Fabrizio Antonioli  Giuseppe Dai Pra  Gabriele Leoni  Sergio Silenzi 《第四纪科学杂志》2003,18(8):709-721

The opening of the north‐central Tyrrhenian Sea is the result of the Cretaceous–Paleogene alpine collision, which triggered a series of regional uplift, subsidence and transcurrent tectonic mechanisms along the coastal Tyrrhenian sectors of peninsular Italy. These tectonic processes, in conjunction with the effects of glacio‐ and hydro‐isostasy during the Quaternary, produced substantial crustal responses that, in some cases, reached metres in extent. In the study of coastal neotectonics, geomorphological markers of the last interglacial maximum, corresponding to marine isotope stage 5.5, are generally used to quantify the magnitude of the vertical crustal displacements that have occurred since 125 kyr. Through altimetrical, palaeoenvironmental and chronological reinterpretation of the most significant works published since 1913, combined with an additional set of data reported here, a detailed reconstruction of the shoreline displacements evident along 500 km of coast between northern Tuscany and southern Latium is presented. The reconstruction was carried out by quantifying the vertical movement since the last interglacial period and by identifying the tectonic behaviour of different coastal sectors. This has been done by carefully choosing the eustatic marker, among those available at each study site, in order to minimize the margin of error associated with the measurements. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献