沉降监测数据管理与分析系统的研制     

张菊清  张勤  李斌 《地球科学与环境学报》2001,23(1):75-78

沉降监测是对变形监测体进行定期的观测，然后应用平差和数理统计理论,对观测数据进行分析、判断。在简要叙述了沉降监测的基本原理上，给出了沉降监测数据管理及分析系统的结构，并对各模块的功能作了简单的介绍。  相似文献   

The role and performance of ground-based networks in tracking the evolution of the ozone layer     

《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2018,350(7):354-367

In the 1980s, ground-based monitoring of the ozone layer played a key role in the discovery of the Antarctic Ozone Hole as well as in the first documentation of significant winter and spring long-term downward trends in the populated mid-latitude regions. The article summarizes the close-to-hundred-year-long history of ground-based measurements of stratospheric ozone, and more recent observations of constituents that influence its equilibrium. Ozone observations began long before the recognition of the impact of increasing emissions of manmade ozone-depleting substances on ozone and therefore on UV levels, human health, ecosystems and the Earth climate. The historical ozone observations prior to 1980s are used as a reference for the assessments of the state of the ozone layer linked to the enforcement of the Montreal Protocol. In this paper, we describe the worldwide monitoring networks and their ozone observations used to determine long-term trends with an accuracy of a few percent per decade. Since 1989, the ground-based monitoring activities have provided support for the amendments of the Montreal Protocol (MP). They include monitoring of (a) the ozone total column and the vertical distribution at global scale, (b) the ozone-depleting substances (ODS) related to the MP such as chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), and their decomposition products in the stratosphere, and (c) the atmospheric species playing a role in ozone depletion, e.g., nitrogen oxides, water vapor, aerosols, polar stratospheric clouds. We highlight important accomplishments in the atmospheric monitoring performed by the Global Atmosphere Watch program (GAW) run under the auspices of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and by the Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change (NDACC). We also address the complementary roles of ground-based networks and satellite instruments. High-quality ground-based measurements have been used to evaluate ozone variabilities and long-term trends, assess chemistry climate models, and check the long-term stability of satellite data, including more recently the merged satellite time-series developed for the detection of ozone recovery at global scale, which might be further modified by climate change.  相似文献   

Efficient Bayesian networks for slope safety evaluation with large quantity monitoring information     

《地学前缘(英文版)》2018,9(6):1679-1687

New sensing and wireless technologies generate massive data. This paper proposes an efficient Bayesian network to evaluate the slope safety using large-quantity field monitoring information with underlying physical mechanisms. A Bayesian network for a slope involving correlated material properties and dozens of observational points is constructed.  相似文献   

中国红树林监测研究进展与展望     

吴后建  刘世好  贺东北  曹虹  罗为检  刘斯垚  王昊琼 《湿地科学与管理》2022,18(1):69-72

以中国学术期刊网络出版总库发表的红树林监测研究论文为基础,从红树林面积和景观格局监测、生物多样性监测、生态环境监测、遥感监测、保护恢复成效监测、生物地球化学监测、生态效益监测、灾害灾情监测和生理生态监测9个方面对中国红树林监测研究进展进行综述,并对今后中国红树林综合监测体系、监测技术标准、综合集成监测方法和技术体系、监测管理信息系统研建以及演变全过程监测进行展望。  相似文献   

固定污染源无组织排放二甲基甲酰胺的监测研究     

付月娜  刘衍庆  邹淑珍  郭岩东 《海洋科学》2003,27(8):5-7

对固定源无组织排放的二甲基甲酰胺的监测方法进行了探讨研究。利用已有车间空气中二甲基甲酰胺的检验方法，采用适当延长采样时间，改进色谱分析条件，使方法检测下限降低，以用于环境空气样品监测。当采样体积为50L时，最低检出浓度为0．01mg／m^3，可较好地满足环境影响评价工作需要；通过列举监测实例，分析如何选择适宜的监测条件，确保捕捉厂界最高浓度监测值，以获得满意的监测结果。  相似文献   

电离层斜测数据集     

娄文宇  杜晓辉  刘静  张学民 《地震地磁观测与研究》2021,42(4):191-194

电离层斜测数据集包括F₂层临界频率数据和最大电子密度空间分布图,来源于中国地震电离层监测试验网观测数据。2008年汶川地震后,中国地震局地震预测研究所和中国电子科技集团第22研究所,在国防科技工业电波环境观测站网原有的稀疏发射站网基础上,根据地震重点监测区带分布和区域数据覆盖能力的双重需要,利用电离层对地基发射信号的反射特性,在华北5个电离层垂测发射站的基础上,建立了20个电离层斜测接收站,形成100条发射—接收链路,达到以经济手段取得电离层加密监测的效果。数据由接收台站接收后,汇聚到北京数据中心,并建立Oracle数据库,将数据入库。通过人工判读,生成可应用的电离层斜测观测数据。此数据集通过数据共享网站提供数据共享服务,可为地震系统内部各省地震局和研究所进行地震监测预测研究以及系统外部科研机构和院校电离层观测研究提供基础数据。  相似文献   

基于RS影像城镇违规建筑用地监测应用研究     

杨宏光  王冬梅 《北京测绘》2013,(3):55-57,61

RS影像为城市规划用地动态监测提供了一种很好的数据源,本文在研究RS影像处理的基础上,通过相同地区不同时相的高分辨率RS影像进行违规建筑监测,实现对违规建设用地的监测,提高了城市规划监测专题目标识别的效率,具有很好的实际应用意义。  相似文献   

库尔勒地震台地震监测能力初探     

张小飞  赵建中  郭春生  张嘉敏 《内陆地震》2013,(4):383-388

主要选用库尔勒地震台测点单台地震目录,运用单台小震优势分布法、logN-M法和b值计算法然后采用M-△法对结果进行验证。对库尔勒台监测点300km范围内的地震监测能力进行了初步分析和讨论,确定库尔勒台监测点300km以内的控震能力;再依此方法确定了库尔勒附近的库米什台300km以内的地震监测能力。  相似文献   

使用MATLAB获取地震前兆数据库中观测数据   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

徐沁  郑宁宁  黄经国  徐平 《震灾防御技术》2013,8(2):198-208

地震前兆数据库中的观测数据具有极高的科研及应用价值.MATLAB作为具有强大功能的科学计算及分析平台是地震前兆数据分析的得力工具.虽然如此,但MATLAB提供的数据库工具箱并不能完全操控基于ORACLE的前兆数据库.因此,直接通过MATLAB获取前兆观测数据进行后续的前兆统计及分析工作受到了影响.本文首先介绍了主流的数据库访问机制以及在MATLAB中如何实现以这些机制对前兆数据库进行访问并指出了其中的缺陷;然后,给出了通过组件对象模型(COM)的访问方式获取前兆观测数据的方法;最后,给出了使用该方法进行函数封装后,在实际应用中的实例的全部源代码.通过本文提供的方法,台站工作人员或科研人员可以快速、方便的通过MATLAB获取前兆数据库中的相关信息进行科研及日常管理工作.  相似文献   

Toward mapping land-use patterns from volunteered geographic information   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Jamal Jokar Arsanjani  Marco Helbich  Mohamed Bakillah  Julian Hagenauer  Alexander Zipf 《International journal of geographical information science》2013,27(12):2264-2278

A large number of applications have been launched to gather geo-located information from the public. This article introduces an approach toward generating land-use patterns from volunteered geographic information (VGI) without applying remote-sensing techniques and/or engaging official data. Hence, collaboratively collected OpenStreetMap (OSM) data sets are employed to map land-use patterns in Vienna, Austria. Initially the spatial pattern of the landscape was delineated and thereafter the most relevant land type was assigned to each land parcel through a hierarchical GIS-based decision tree approach. To evaluate the proposed approach, the results are compared with the Global Monitoring for Environment and Security Urban Atlas (GMESUA) data. The results are compared in two ways: first, the texture of the resulting land-use patterns is analyzed using texture-variability analysis. Second, the attributes assigned to each land segment are evaluated. The achieved land-use map shows kappa indices of 91, 79, and 76% agreement for location in comparison with the GMESUA data set at three levels of classification. Furthermore, the attributes of the two data sets match at 81, 67, and 65%. The results demonstrate that this approach opens a promising avenue to integrate freely available VGI to map land-use patterns for environmental planning purposes.  相似文献