房山周口店车厂北沟泥石流特征及防治     

黄来源  韩建超  季为  张亮  齐干 《城市地质》2016,(2):48-55

泥石流是北京地区危害性严重的地质灾害之一,作为北京"7·21"特大暴雨灾害受灾最为严重的区县,房山区近现代泥石流一直比较活跃,灾情严重。为了查清房山区"7·21"特大暴雨后典型泥石流灾害发育和运动特征,本文选取了车厂村北沟作为样本,通过采用现场调查、槽探、岩土测试等方法,对主沟整体流域进行了系统研究。从而查清了形成区的物源类型和可移动物源储量,掌握了全流域的沟道形态特征;通过对堆积区堆积形态和堆积物调查分析,论述了主沟水动力特征和冲淤特征;根据相关规范,计算得出了泥石流的动力学参数。分析了泥石流形成机理,进行了危险性评价,提出了防治对策。  相似文献   

Coupled analysis of floating production systems     

D.L. Garrett   《Ocean Engineering》2005,32(7):802-816

Fully coupled global analysis of Floating Production Systems, including the vessel, the mooring system and the riser system is described. Design of the system can be a daunting task, involving more than 1000 load cases for global analysis. The primary driver for the mooring system and for the riser system is motion of the vessel. Vessel motions are driven by environmental forces, but are restrained by forces from the mooring and riser systems. Numerical models and procedures that provide accurate and efficient global modeling of the Floating Production System are presented. Both Time Domain and Frequency Domain procedures are included. The accuracy and efficiency of the procedures are illustrated in an example: a large semi with 16 mooring lines and 20 risers. The procedures provide the accuracy and efficiency for use of fully coupled analysis in design of Floating Production Systems from concept selection to final design, installation and operation.  相似文献   

Hull/mooring/riser coupled dynamic analysis and sensitivity study of a tanker-based FPSO   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Arcandra Tahar  M. H. Kim   《Applied Ocean Research》2003,25(6):367-382

A computer program is developed for hull/mooring/riser coupled dynamic analysis of a tanker-based turret-moored FPSO (Floating Production Storage and Offloading) in waves, winds, and currents. In this computer program, the floating body is modeled as a rigid body with six degrees of freedom. The first- and second-order wave forces, added mass, and radiation damping at various yaw angles are calculated from the second-order diffraction/radiation panel program WAMIT. The wind and current forces for various yaw angles of FPSO are modeled following the empirical method suggested by OCIMF (Oil Company International Marine Forum).

The mooring/riser dynamics are modeled using a rod theory and finite element method (FEM), with the governing equations described in a generalized coordinate system. The dynamics of hull, mooring lines, and risers are solved simultaneously at each time step in a combined matrix for the specified connection condition. For illustration, semi-taut chain-steel wire-chain mooring lines and steel catenary risers are employed and their effects on global FPSO hull motions are investigated. To better understand the physics related to the motion characteristics of a turret-moored FPSO, the role of various hydrodynamic contributions is analyzed and assessed including the effects of hull and mooring/riser viscous damping, second-order difference-frequency wave-force quadratic transfer functions, and yaw-angle dependent wave forces and hydrodynamic coefficients. To see the effects of hull and mooring/riser coupling and mooring/riser damping more clearly, the case with no drag forces on those slender members is also investigated. The numerical results are compared with MARIN's wave basin experiments.  相似文献   

长牡蛎(Crassostrea gigas)微卫星克隆快速分离及特性分析   总被引：22，自引：2，他引：22  

李琪  木岛明博 《海洋与湖沼》2004,35(4):364-370

采用磁珠杂交选择和PCR筛选法，从长牡蛎DNA选择片段文库中，快速分离含有微卫星序列的阳性克隆。结果表明，在筛选的200个白色菌落中，56个克隆含有重复次数5以上的微卫星序列，其中41个(20．5％)有随机侧翼区，可以进行引物设计，12个缺乏足够的侧翼序列，3个为中断的微卫星序列。此外，还获得两个小卫星克隆。在获得的微卫星序列中，完全的占54．7％，不完全的占20．8％，复合的占24．5％。除探针中使用的CA重复单元外，还观察到CT、ACT、CGCA、CACT、GACT、GCAC、CCTTA和CCTCA的重复序列。微卫星重复次数主要集中在5-30次之间，占71．7％，最高为60次。本研究中构建的长牡蛎(CA)n富集微卫星文库将为以后开发未知微卫星标记提供帮助。  相似文献   

Effect of criteria on seakeeping performance assessment     

Kadir Sariöz  Ebru Narli 《Ocean Engineering》2005,32(10):1161-1173

The overall performance of ships depends on the seakeeping performance in specified sea areas where the vessel is designed to operate. The seakeeping performance procedure is based upon the probability of exceeding specified ship motions in a sea environment particular to the vessel's mission. Given the operational area of the vessel, the percentage of time the vessel operates in a particular sea state can be determined from an oceanographic database through application of the response amplitude operators. The predicted motions are compared to the motion limiting criteria to obtain the operability indices. However, the operability indices are strongly affected by the chosen limiting criteria. This is particularly the case for passenger vessels where many conflicting criteria are used to assess the effect of motions and accelerations on comfort and well-being of passengers. This paper investigates the effect of seakeeping criteria on seakeeping performance assessment for passenger vessels. Conventional seakeeping performance measures are evaluated for various levels of vertical accelerations defined by the ISO 2631 standard. It is shown that the estimated seakeeping performance of a passenger vessel greatly depends on the level of limiting value selected as the seakeeping criteria.  相似文献   

A new active gyrostabiliser system for ride control of marine vehicles   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

N.C. Townsend  A.J. Murphy  R.A. Shenoi 《Ocean Engineering》2007,34(11-12):1607-1617

A new gyroscopic method of active ride control on marine vehicles is presented. Gyroscopic stabilisation is selected because it acts entirely within the hull of the vessel while not requiring sufficient movable weight to generate control moments. The new approach is capable of generating greater stabilising moments than existing gyroscopic systems. Physical experiments, using a modulation theory approach, on a ship model practically demonstrate that the specified system is capable of providing levels of ride control comparable with existing systems. Theoretical estimates of the system on full-scale vessels demonstrate its practical feasibility for application on small and medium sized vessels.  相似文献   

Quasiintegrals of the photogravitational eccentric restricted three-body problem with Poynting–Robertson drag     

G. F. Chörny 《Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy》2007,97(4):229-248

A restricted three-body problem for a dust particle, in presence of a spherical cometary nucleus in an eccentric (elliptic, parabolic or hyperbolic) orbit about the Sun, is considered. The force of radiation pressure and the Poynting– Robertson effect are taken into account. The differential equations of the particle’s non-inertial spatial motion are investigated both analytically and numerically. With the help of a complex representation, a new single equation of the motion is obtained. Conversion of the equations of motion system into a single equation allows the derivation of simple expressions similar to the integral of energy and integrals of areas. The derived expressions are named quasiintegrals. Relative values of terms of the energy quasiintegral for a smallest, largest, and a mean comet are calculated. We have found that in a number of cases the quasiintegrals are related to the regular integrals of motion, and discuss how the quasiintegrals may be applied to find some significant constraints on the motion of a body of infinitesimal mass.  相似文献   

Detector time offset and off-line calibration in EAS experiments     

H.H. He  P. Bernardini  A.K. Calabrese Melcarne  S.Z. Chen 《Astroparticle Physics》2007,27(6):528-532

In extensive air shower (EAS) experiments, the primary direction is reconstructed by the space–time pattern of secondary particles. Thus the equalization of the transit time of signals coming from different parts of the detector is crucial in order to get the best angular resolution and pointing accuracy allowed by the detector. In this paper an off-line calibration method is proposed and studied by means of proper simulations. It allows to calibrate the array repeatedly just using the collected data without disturbing the standard acquisition. The calibration method is based on the definition of a Characteristic Plane introduced to analyze the effects of the time systematic offsets, such as the quasi-sinusoidal modulation on azimuth angle distribution. This calibration procedure works also when a pre-modulation on the primary azimuthal distribution is present.  相似文献   

非均匀各向异性弹性波场正演          下载免费PDF全文

阮爱国  李清河 《地震工程学报》2001,23(4):318-329,338

推导了用于非均匀各向异性弹性波场正演的伪谱法基本公式，对特征值法边界修正方程进行了全面的理论推导，给出了二维和三维问题固体，流体的特征变量及各类边界修正方程，选用2个模型，模拟了2．5维弹性波场，对S波分裂的偏振图像和时间延迟作了较详细的分析。  相似文献   

宁夏地区GPS监测网建设、近期地壳运动特征及应力场与地震活动关系初探   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

许文俊  赵卫明  柴炽章  金延龙  孙立新  郑斯华  三浦哲 《中国地震》2001,17(1):44-55

在阿拉善块体、鄂尔多斯块体和青藏块体交汇处的宁夏中部布设了GPS观测网,利用1996年以来的5期复测资料,分析了宁夏中部地区现今地壳运动状态,其结果为①宁夏中部地区在l996年12月至l999年5月间,有围绕鄂尔多斯西缘(P2测点)左旋运动的现象,银川盆地东侧的灵武断裂呈左旋逆走滑运动方式.该区主应力场方向为北北东-南南西(方位角为29.8°)方向,P2测站以南的中部地区向东位移,垂直形变量级明显大于水平形变量级,银川盆地及青藏块体呈上升状态,鄂尔多斯腹地的P1测站呈逐年下降趋势,在P3与P4测点间可能有一隐伏断裂存在.②在GPS测区附近中强地震前约1年,可观测到该区GPS测站的形变异常及主应力方向发生转变异常;测区附近中强地震前及周边地区强震前,该区GPS形变模拟矢量场能够预示未来地震的大体方位.这些结果可作为地震预测的特征值加以考虑.  相似文献