全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1021篇 |
免费 | 106篇 |
国内免费 | 90篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 321篇 |
大气科学 | 147篇 |
地球物理 | 341篇 |
地质学 | 122篇 |
海洋学 | 70篇 |
天文学 | 24篇 |
综合类 | 91篇 |
自然地理 | 101篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 2篇 |
2023年 | 7篇 |
2022年 | 21篇 |
2021年 | 27篇 |
2020年 | 27篇 |
2019年 | 29篇 |
2018年 | 33篇 |
2017年 | 39篇 |
2016年 | 28篇 |
2015年 | 29篇 |
2014年 | 53篇 |
2013年 | 68篇 |
2012年 | 68篇 |
2011年 | 59篇 |
2010年 | 40篇 |
2009年 | 69篇 |
2008年 | 68篇 |
2007年 | 64篇 |
2006年 | 62篇 |
2005年 | 49篇 |
2004年 | 38篇 |
2003年 | 53篇 |
2002年 | 31篇 |
2001年 | 45篇 |
2000年 | 37篇 |
1999年 | 25篇 |
1998年 | 22篇 |
1997年 | 18篇 |
1996年 | 16篇 |
1995年 | 28篇 |
1994年 | 10篇 |
1993年 | 11篇 |
1992年 | 12篇 |
1991年 | 9篇 |
1990年 | 6篇 |
1989年 | 4篇 |
1988年 | 4篇 |
1987年 | 4篇 |
1982年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有1217条查询结果,搜索用时 765 毫秒
31.
探讨了隧道GPS网在设计阶段估算横向贯通误差的基本理论,对按该理论编制的软件进行了计算正确性的验证。结合铁路测量规则对不同长度的隧道GPS网横向贯通误差进行了计算分析,提出了分设隧道GPS网的一些基本原则和隧道GPS网横向贯通误差的近似估算方法 相似文献
32.
蔡福根 《云南地理环境研究》1996,8(2):28-33
本文概述了地理信息系统在我国的兴起和发展及其国外背景和应用前景。论述了数据产品在地理信息系统中的重要性及其标准化的重要性和必要性。简单地提出了标准化的解决方法,以便参考。从而呼请有关部门对这一实际问题给予足够的重视。 相似文献
33.
The identifiability of parameters in a water quality model of the Biebrza River, Poland 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The identifiability of model parameters of a steady state water quality model of the Biebrza River and the resulting variation in model results was examined by applying the Monte Carlo method which combines calibration, identifiability analysis, uncertainty analysis, and sensitivity analysis. The water quality model simulates the steady state concentration profiles of chloride, phosphate, ammonium, and nitrate as a function of distance along a river. The water quality model with the best combination of parameter values simulates the observed concentrations very well. However, the range of possible modelled concentrations obtained for other more or less equally eligible combinations of parameter values is rather wide. This range in model outcomes reflects possible errors in the model parameters. Discrepancies between the range in model outcomes and the validation data set are only caused by errors in model structure, or (measurement) errors in boundary conditions or input variables. In this sense the validation procedure is a test of model capability, where the effects of calibration errors are filtered out. It is concluded that, despite some slight deviations between model outcome and observations, the model is successful in simulating the spatial pattern of nutrient concentrations in the Biebrza River. 相似文献
34.
We have developed an algorithm that allows crosshole georadar amplitude data contaminated with systematic errors to be tomographically inverted. The effects of the errors, which may due to variable antenna-borehole coupling, the groundwater table, and 3-D heterogeneities in the vicinity of one or more boreholes, are included in a series of transmitter and receiver amplitude-correction factors. Tests with synthetic georadar sections demonstrate that the new approach is capable of producing reliable attenuation information, even when large systematic errors are present in the amplitude data. Standard inversions of crosshole georadar data acquired within a highly complex alpine rock glacier yield distorted tomograms. In contrast the new approach results in geologically useful images. 相似文献
35.
国家气象中心台风路径数值预报模式经过串行优化及程序并行, 成功地实现了在国产超级计算机神威上的并行运算, 并可满足业务时效要求。基于并行程序及神威机计算平台的台风路径数值预报业务系统于2002年6月30日投入实时运行, 其初估场与侧边界条件从T106L19模式产品升级为T213L31模式产品 (称为基于T213台风预报系统, 原串行系统称为基于T106台风预报系统)。通过对2002年夏秋季台风路径的检验, 总体来看, 基于T213台风预报系统48 h内的平均路径预报误差小于基于T106台风预报系统的路径预报误差。对西行及西北行登陆的台风, 基于T106台风预报系统的48 h预报好于基于T213台风预报系统的预报。对于转向台风而言, 转向后的预报, 基于T213台风预报系统的预报要好于基于T106台风预报系统的预报, 有效地减小了基于T106台风预报系统对转向台风路径预报的系统性误差:即台风转向后预报路径较实况路径偏西。 相似文献
36.
37.
水下地形测量高程异常点剔除方法研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文针对水下地形测量过程中测深数据的粗差问题,结合在生产工作中的一些经验和有关的资料,提出了测深数据处理的方法,并编写了相应的程序用于生产。 相似文献
38.
39.
40.
A GLUE‐based uncertainty assessment framework for tritium‐inferred transit time estimations under baseflow conditions
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《水文研究》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Francesc Gallart Maria Roig‐Planasdemunt Michael K. Stewart Pilar Llorens Uwe Morgenstern Willibald Stichler Laurent Pfister Jérôme Latron 《水文研究》2016,30(25):4741-4760
The last decade has seen major technical and scientific improvements in the study of water transfer time through catchments. Nevertheless, it has been argued that most of these developments used conservative tracers that may disregard the oldest component of water transfer, which often has transit times greater than 5 years. Indeed, although the analytical reproducibility of tracers limits the detection of the older flow components associated with the most dampened seasonal fluctuations, this is very rarely taken into account in modelling applications. Tritium is the only environmental tracer at hand to investigate transfer times in the 5‐ to 50‐year range in surface waters, as dissolved gases are not suitable due to the degassing process. Water dating with tritium has often been difficult because of the complex history of its atmospheric concentration, but its current stabilization together with recent analytical improvements open promising perspectives. In this context, the innovative contribution of this study lies in the development of a generalized likelihood uncertainty estimation‐based approach for analysing the uncertainties associated with the modelling of transit time due to both parameter identification and tracer analytical precision issues. A coupled resampling procedure allows assessment of the statistical significance of the transfer time differences found in diverse waters. This approach was developed for tritium and the exponential‐piston model but can be implemented for virtually any tracer and model. Stream baseflow, spring and shallow aquifer waters from the Vallcebre research catchments, analysed for tritium in different years with different analytical precisions, were investigated by using this approach and taking into account other sources of uncertainty. The results showed three groups of waters of different mean transit times, with all the stream baseflow and spring waters older than the 5‐year threshold needing tritium. Low sensitivity of the results to the model structure was also demonstrated. Dual solutions were found for the waters sampled in 2013, but these results may be disambiguated when additional analyses will be made in a few years. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献