中国近五千年来地质灾害事件群发周期初步研究     

程谦恭  胡广韬  肖荣久 《地球科学与环境学报》1995,(4)

中国近五千年来山崩滑坡地裂等地质灾害事件存在着多种时间尺度的群发期。最显著的群发期出现在中国黄帝、夏桀、殷代、周代、西汉、东汉、西晋、元代、明清、清末时期。近８００起灾害事件时间序列谱分析表明，多尺度群发周期序列为１３８０，６００，２８８，１６２，１１８，７２，６１，３１，２４，２０，１５，１１年，具有可公度性和对数螺线性，并且与冰川泥石流、火山爆发、陨石坠落等周期序列相近，与地球运动周期、气候旋回、地质旋回一致。  相似文献   

贺兰山群层序及主变形期褶皱构造探讨     

冯鸿儒 《地球科学与环境学报》1995,(1)

本文对贺兰山群由下到上划分为阿楞呼都格变粒岩组、柳树沟片麻岩组和秃鲁根钙硅酸粒岩－大理岩组。主变形期的构造事件为在南倾的北东东向倒转复式褶皱上发育着与其平行的区域性轴面面理、线理和逆冲型同变质韧性剪切带，其中又以塔什沟－柳树沟复背形和秃鲁根向形最具代表性。  相似文献   

北山—阿拉善地区二叠—三叠纪富碱侵入岩的岩石学特征   总被引：11，自引：2，他引：11  

许保良  阎国翰  路凤香  邹天仁  童英  蔡剑辉  刘楚雄  张华峰 《岩石矿物学杂志》2001,20(3):263-272

甘肃北山－内蒙古阿拉善地区发育有一套以正长岩、石英正长岩、霓辉正长岩、霓霞正长岩类为代表，包括碱性辉长岩、二长岩、石英二长岩、碱长花岗岩和碱性花岗岩等类岩石在内的富碱侵入体。本文总结了它们的空间分布、形成时代、产状、岩石组合和岩石化学特征；指出它们具有近东西向的分布特征，主体形成于二叠－三叠纪时期，具有富碱、碱性岩类的岩石化学特征，构成一条富碱侵入岩带；认为其时空分布特点与华北地台、塔里木地台北缘及邻区碱性岩带一致，是华北－塔里木北缘及邻区巨型碱性岩带的重要组成部分。  相似文献   

赣皖边境地区青白口纪地层划分与对比   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

廖洪鑫  聂剑华 《江西地质科技》1997,24(3):111-117

1:5万区调填图中系统调研了江西省内都昌县马涧桥、波阳县燕窝一带新发现的青白口纪地层岩石组合与层序、岩相特征,获得部分微古植物化石及847±38Ma的同位素测年数据,重新厘定并新建马涧桥组,据其特征认为可与毗邻的皖南青白口纪地层对比。四堡运动后,本区与皖南都曾经历过裂陷时期,具有相同的构造背景。  相似文献   

吐哈盆地侏罗系煤中超微类脂体特征和演化   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

王飞宇  赵长毅 《煤田地质与勘探》1997,25(1):15-19

利用共聚焦激光显微镜和透射电镜对吐哈盆地侏罗系煤进行超微层次有机岩石学分析，发现微米级以下超微类脂体普遍存在于无结构镜质体和一些粗粒体之中。常规光学显微镜下难以分辨超微类脂体，在镜质体反射率Ｒｏ０．５０％￣０．７０％时，煤中超微类脂体数量一般为８％￣１２％。超微类脂体的光性演化明显领先于壳质组形态组分孢子体和角质体，它是吐哈侏罗系煤中重要的生油组分。  相似文献   

周期—频度谱方法在大庆台网数字化地震记录分析中的应用   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

孟宪森  朱玉文 《东北地震研究》1997,13(2):7-12

论述了周期－频率谱方法在分析数字化地震记录中的应用。结果表明该方法对识别各类振动的性质较为有效，所形成的一整套分析流程适用于各种地震数字记录分析。  相似文献   

鄂尔多斯周缘地震带地震活动的分期和相关分析   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

杜兴信  张春生 《地震研究》1992,15(2):135-144

利用最优分割法对鄂尔多斯周缘地震带(区)的地震活动进行了分期,并作了相关分析。结果表明,1000年以来汾渭地震带北段可划为4个活跃期,每个活跃期的中心间距约300年,最大地震为7级,天水—陕南地震带(区)近一、二百年的地震活动可分为持续约10年左右的几个地震簇。所有分期中,海原地震带能量释放最大,且最近仍很活跃。汾渭地震带和海原—银川地震带活跃期存在相关现象,且其南段往往先于北段活跃,目前活动水平较低。该带1900年以来地震还有与河套地震带地震相呼应的现象和沿构造带南北迁移的规律。根据分期和相关结果推测,鄂尔多斯周缘各地震带都存在中强地震背景。其中海原—银川地震带近期发生5—6级或更大地震的可能性较大,天水—陕南地震带近期也有发生中强地震的可能。汾渭地震带虽然存在孕育6级以上大震的背景,但近年还不会发生强震。  相似文献   

Evolution of permafrost in Northeast China since the Late Pleistocene   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

HuiJun Jin  XiaoLi Chang  DongLiang Luo  RuiXia He  LanZhi L&#;  SiZhong Yang  DongXin Guo  XueMei Chen  Stuart A. Harris 《寒旱区科学》2016,8(4):269-296

In Northeast China, permafrost advanced and retreated several times under the influences of fluctuating paleo-climates and paleo-environments since the Late Pleistocene. During the last 60 years, many new data were obtained and studies were conducted on the evolution of permafrost in Northeast China, but so far no systematic summary and review have been made. Based on sedimentary sequences, remains of past permafrost, paleo-flora and-fauna records, and dating data, permafrost evolution since the Late Pleistocene has been analyzed and reconstructed in this paper. Paleo-temperatures reconstructed from the remains of past permafrost and those from paleo-flora and-fauna are compared, and thus the southern limit of permafrost(SLP) in each climate period is inferred by the relationship of the permafrost distribution and the mean annual air/ground temperatures(MAAT/MAGT). Thus, the evolutionary history of permafrost is here divided into five stages:(1) the Late Pleistocene(Last Glaciation, or LG)(65 to 10–8.5 ka), the Last Glaciation Maximum(LGM, 21–13 ka) in particular, the coldest period in the latest history with a cooling of about 6~10 ?C, characterized by extensive occurrences of glaciation, flourishing Mammathas-Coelodonta Faunal Complex(MCFC), widespread aeolian deposits, and significant sea level lowering, and permafrost greatly expanded southwards almost to the coastal plains(37?N–41?N);(2) the Holocene Megathermal Period(HMP, 8.5–7.0 to 4.0–3.0 ka), 3~5 ?C warmer than today, permafrost retreated to about 52°N;(3) the Late Holocene Cold Period(Neoglaciation)(4.0–3.0 to 1.0–0.5 ka), a cooling of 1~3 ?C, some earlier thawed permafrost was refrozen or attached, and the SLP invaded southwards to 46?N;(4) the Little Ice Age(LIA, 500 to 100–150 a), the latest cold period with significant permafrost expansion; and(5) climate warming since the last century, during which Northeast China has undergone extensive permafrost degradation. The frequent and substantial expansions and retreats of permafrost have greatly impacted cold-region environments in Northeast China. North of the SLP during the HMP, or in the present continuous permafrost zone, the existing permafrost was largely formed during the LG and was later overlapped by the permafrost formed in the Neoglaciation. To the south, it was formed in the Neoglaciation. However, many aspects of permafrost evolution still await further investigations, such as data integration, numerical reconstruction, and merging of Chinese permafrost history with those of bordering regions as well as collaboration with related disciplines. Of these, studieson the evolution and degradation of permafrost during the past 150 years and its hydrological, ecological, and environmental impacts should be prioritized.  相似文献   

南岭科学钻探一孔中岩浆岩的矿物特征及其对成岩、成矿作用的指示意义          下载免费PDF全文

郭娜欣  陈毓川  吕晓强  陈郑辉  赵正 《中国地质》2016,(5):1645-1665

南岭科学钻探一孔(SP-NLSD-1)位于南岭成矿带与武夷山成矿带的交汇部位——赣南银坑矿田,该钻孔总进尺2967.83 m,钻遇了流纹岩、花岗闪长斑岩、花岗斑岩、辉长闪长玢岩等4种岩浆岩。各岩浆岩矿物组成简单,主要为石英、斜长石、钾长石、黑云母、角闪石及副矿物磷灰石、榍石等,岩石多发生绿泥石化、碳酸盐化、白云母化等蚀变。钾长石均以正长石为主。花岗闪长斑岩中的斜长石以中长石为主,少数为钠长石、更长石、拉长石;花岗斑岩中的斜长石以钠长石为主,少数为更长石。黑云母为富镁黑云母和镁铁黑云母。白云母均由黑云母蚀变而来,花岗闪长斑岩中的白云母具有低的AlVI、Fe/(Fe+Mg)值,花岗斑岩中的白云母具有高的AlVI、Fe/(Fe+Mg)值。磷灰石普遍含F、Cl,且F含量显著高于Cl含量。石榴石属钙铝榴石。绿泥石主要为蠕绿泥石(铁绿泥石)-密绿泥石。黑云母矿物化学特征指示花岗闪长斑岩为壳幔混源花岗岩,具有较高的氧逸度,在演化过程中发生了岩浆混合作用。根据锆石饱和温度计计算出花岗闪长斑岩、花岗斑岩、辉长闪长玢岩的结晶温度分别为810~922℃、764~819℃、742~747℃,成岩后岩浆岩经历了中高温—中低温热液蚀变作用。岩浆岩成岩时代、岩石学和岩相学所反映的岩浆演化过程、成岩物理化学条件、矿物化学特征等方面的综合信息显示,南岭科学钻探一孔中钻遇的花岗闪长斑岩与南岭地区成Cu(-Mo)-Pb-Zn-Au-Ag矿的花岗岩十分相似,应为钻孔中揭露的银金铅锌铜矿化以及牛形坝—柳木坑银金铅锌铜矿的成矿岩浆岩,而钨铋铀矿化与岩浆岩的关系还有待于进一步研究。  相似文献   

Late Holocene coastal sand movements in the Outer Hebrides, N.W. Scotland     

Sue Dawson  David E. Smith  Jason Jordan  Alastair G. Dawson 《Marine Geology》2004,210(1-4):281-306

Lithostratigraphical and biostratigraphical investigation of coastal marshes along the Atlantic coast of the Outer Hebrides from Lewis in the north to Barra in the south discloses inland-tapering sand units within marshland areas. The inland extent of each sand unit has been radiometrically dated and the units have been collectively interpreted as a proxy for past coastal storminess. The data appear to indicate that for the study sites investigated, the majority of the sand units were produced during episodes of climate deterioration both prior to and after the well-known period of Medieval warmth (MWP). Many were produced after ca. AD 1400. It is argued that the episodes of sand blow indicated by the deposits may reflect periods of increased cyclogenesis in the Atlantic associated with increased sea ice cover and an increase in the thermal gradient across the North Atlantic region.  相似文献