Cretaceous transgressions and regressions on the Russian Platform, in Crimea and Central Asia     

D. P. Naidin  I. G. Sasonova  Z. N. Pojarkova  M. R. Djalilov  G. N. Papulov  Yu. Senkovsky  V. N. Benjamovsky  L. F. Kopaevich 《Cretaceous Research》1980,1(4):375-387

This paper is a brief explanation of the diagrams of the Cretaceous transgressions and regressions on the Russian Platform, in the Crimea (Figures 1–3) and some regions of central Asia—the western flanks of the Tien Shan mountains, the Fergana basin, the Zeravshan-Gissar and Alaj mountains, and the Northern Pamirs (Figures 5–7).Internationally recognized stages are employed. They are interpreted by Sasonova (1967) for the Lower Cretaceous (K₁) of the Russian Platform, by Naidin (1977) for the Upper Cretaceous (K₂) of the Platform and the Crimea, by Djalilov (1971) and Pojarkova (1976) for the Upper Cretaceous of central Asia. General data on the stratigraphy of the Cretaceous of central Asia may be found in Anon 1977.  相似文献   

祁连山海北冬春气温变化对草地生产力的影响   总被引：13，自引：1，他引：12  

李英年  张景华 《高原气象》1998,(4)

祁连山海北地区冬春气温与高寒草甸牧草产量具有很高的反相关关系。冬春气温升高导致牧草产量有所下降,主要原因是冬春气温升高,使冬季土壤冻结层变薄,土壤水分散失严重;在牧草营养生长阶段初期,又正值我国北方天气气候“干旱”胁迫最严重的时期,自然降水量显得不足,进而限制了牧草生长发育的水分需求,最终影响到牧草年产量的提高。对冬春气温进行主成分处理后建立的气温影响牧草产量的回归关系表明,回归模型拟合率较高,试报１９９５年牧草产量误差很小,效果良好。  相似文献   

Chloritoid–glaucophane schist in the north Qilian orogen, NW China: phase equilibria and P–T path from garnet zonation     

C. J. WEI  S. G. SONG 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》2008,26(3):301-316

Chloritoid–glaucophane‐bearing rocks are widespread in the high‐pressure belt of the north Qilian orogen, NW China. They are interbedded and cofacial with felsic schists originated from greywackes, mafic garnet blueschists and low‐T eclogites. Two representative chloritoid–glaucophane‐bearing assemblages are chloritoid + glaucophane + garnet + talc + quartz (sample Q5‐49) and chloritoid + glaucophane + garnet + phengite + epidote + quartz (sample Q5‐12). Garnet in sample Q5‐49 is coarse‐, medium‐ and fine‐grained and shows two types of zonation patterns. In pattern I, X_grs is constant as X_py rises, and in pattern II X_grs decreases as X_py rises. Phase equilibrium modelling in the NC(K)MnFMASH system with Thermocalc 3.25 indicates that pattern I can be formed during progressive metamorphism in lawsonite‐stable assemblages, while pattern II zonation can be formed with further heating after lawsonite has been consumed. Garnet growth in Q5‐49 is consistent with a continuous progressive metamorphic process from ～14.5 kbar at 470 °C to ～22.5 kbar at 560 °C. Garnet in sample Q5‐12 develops with pattern I zonation, which is consistent with a progressive metamorphic process from ～21 kbar at 540 °C to ～23.5 kbar at 580 °C with lawsonite present in the whole garnet growth. The latter sample shows the highest P–T conditions of the reported chloritoid–glaucophane‐bearing assemblages. Phase equilibrium calculation in the NCKFMASH system with a recent mixing model of amphibole indicates that chloritoid + glaucophane paragenesis does not have a low‐pressure limit of 18–19 kbar as previously suggested, but has a much larger pressure range from 7–8 to 27–30 kbar, with the low‐pressure part being within the stability field of albite.  相似文献   

大岔大坂MOR型和SSZ型蛇绿岩对北祁连洋演化的制约   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

孟繁聪  张建新  郭春满  李金平 《岩石矿物学杂志》2010,29(5):453-466

北祁连大岔大坂剖面保存了MOR型和SSZ型两类蛇绿岩,记录了两种构造环境的岩浆活动。剖面南段的蛇绿岩由蛇纹石化的超基性岩和辉长岩组成,其中辉长岩具有N-MORB地球化学特征,代表了扩张形成的洋壳。从辉长岩中分选出大量锆石,采用SHRIMP方法测得这些锆石的年龄为505±8Ma,代表了辉长岩的结晶年龄,它与熬油沟辉长岩(504Ma)和东草河辉长岩(497Ma)基本同时形成,表明寒武纪末期北祁连洋盆存在一次规模较大的海底扩张事件。剖面北段主要由枕状熔岩组成,其地球化学性质类似于玻安岩,代表了由洋壳向北俯冲形成的岛弧。枕状熔岩形成较晚(483Ma),这与其覆盖在辉长岩上的野外关系是一致的,说明从残留洋壳的形成到岛弧的出现间隔了大约20Ma。这项研究为认识北祁连洋盆的构造演化提供了重要依据。  相似文献   

中祁连东段化隆群中斜长角闪岩地球化学特征及构造意义   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

高晓峰  李文渊  叶美芳  郭周平 《岩石矿物学杂志》2010,29(5):507-515

中祁连东段化隆群中斜长角闪岩岩相学特征及主、微量元素地球化学分析结果显示,其原岩为碱性玄武岩。斜长角闪岩表现出轻稀土元素富集、Nb-Ta不亏损,与典型洋岛玄武岩(OIB)的微量元素分布模式和特征元素比值(Nb/La=1.24～1.48,Th/Ta=1.19～1.40)类似,但与典型OIB相对亏损高场强元素(如Th、Nb)不同,且在大地构造环境判别图上落入板内大陆玄武岩区,反映了化隆群斜长角闪岩原岩来源于软流圈地幔交代大陆岩石圈地幔熔融源区,为Rodinia超大陆在新元古代汇聚过程中局部裂解或Rodinia大陆整体上汇聚未完成局部地区就开始裂解的产物。  相似文献   

广西大瑶山西侧综合地质异常与控矿分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

张善明 《地质与勘探》2010,46(2)

运用地质异常理论和方法,对大瑶山西侧地区沉积、构造、蚀变、土壤次生晕异常特征、有机质与成矿的关系进行了定性和定量分析。结果表明,泥盆纪沉积异常为成矿提供了物质来源;海平面升降产生的层序边界面为成矿提供了有利的含矿建造,并制约着大瑶山成矿带的时空结构;构造复杂度异常控制了矿带的展布和矿床的空间分布;蚀变异常控制了矿体的空间定位和矿床后期改造特征;土壤次生晕异常则反映了矿化的空间分带和组合特征。基于综合地质异常与控矿分析,利用GIS平台提取异常致矿信息,圈定成矿有利地段,为该区成矿预测及找矿勘探提供依据。  相似文献   

河南嵩县地区石英斑岩地质与地球化学特征研究     

王卫星 《地质与勘探》2010,46(2)

河南嵩县位于豫西熊耳山地区,区域内金矿床分布众多,发育地层以太古界太华群和中元古界熊耳群为主,岩石变质较深,构造变动强烈,岩浆活动频繁,燕山期大量中酸性岩浆侵入伴生了大量典型的小斑岩体,如石英斑岩。本文通过对研究区内石英斑岩的野外地质观察和室内化学分析研究认为:①石英斑岩相对于区内燕山期花岗岩体更偏酸性,TiO2、P2O5、MnO平均含量相对于区内燕山期花岗岩偏低;岩石富碱富钾质,属于钙碱性岩石系列,分离结晶作用进行的比较彻底,岩体形成时的氧逸度较高;据CIPW计算石英斑岩标准矿物主要矿物为石英、钠长石、钙长石、正长石,副矿物为透辉石、刚玉、紫苏辉石、钛铁矿、磁铁矿、磷辉石等,刚玉含量普遍相对较高;②石英斑岩Au含量相对于区域内太华群和熊耳群地层,以及区内五丈山、花山、合峪三大花岗岩体Au含量大大富集;与原始地幔相比具有强烈富集强不相容元素、弱不相容元素富集相对较弱;③雷门沟石英斑岩与区域内花山岩体各稀土元素含量及稀土元素各类特征参数非常接近,其它地区石英斑岩稀土总量较低,轻重稀土分馏不是很明显,除店房矿区的石英斑岩具有较明显的Eu正异常外,其它地区基本无Eu和Ce异常。  相似文献   

南祁连山前区中生代晚期古构造特征的研究     

肖安成  汪立群杨树锋  马立协沈中延  王亮  吴磊  陈元忠 《地质科学》2010,45(1):146-156

南祁连山前区可以分为露头和盆地区两个不同的大地构造单元,本区晚中生代构造活动强烈,控制了新生代的沉积过程和现今中生界残余层序的分布。本文提出了均匀平板状沉积体后期的构造变形可以利用古地质图以及高精度残余地层厚度的变化规律判断古构造带的分析方法,并且对于研究区中生代晚期的古构造特征进行了分析。露头区主要利用古地质图分析方法,研究区集中在赛什腾山-埃姆尼克山北缘的鱼卡和红山地区。盆地区主要利用中生界残余厚度图的分析方法,研究区集中在赛什腾山-埃姆尼克山南侧的赛什腾南部凹陷和马海凸起地区。通过这4个地区古构造特征的研究,提出南祁连山前区中生代晚期在区域性隆升的背景下,形成了一系列古构造带,古构造活动的特点是形成北西-北北西走向的背斜和向斜构造,这些褶皱的波长为15～20 km,为中尺度规模。同时指出,中国西部多数地区均缺失上白垩统,暗示着当时的中亚地区存在一个广阔的晚白垩世古高原。  相似文献   

Mapping daily temperature and precipitation in the Qilian Mountains of northwest China     

Shou-zhang Peng  Chuan-yan Zhao  Xiao-ping Wang  Zhong-lin Xu  Xing-ming Liu  Hu Hao  Shi-fei Yang 《山地科学学报》2014,11(4):896-905

Daily meteorological data are the critical inputs for distributed hydrological and ecological models. This study modified mountain microclimate simulation model （MTCLIM） with the data from 19 weather stations, and compared and validated two methods （the MTCLIM and the modified MTCLIM） in the Qilian Mountains of Northwest China to estimate daily temperature （i.e., maximum temperature, minimum temperature） and precipitation at six weather stations from i January 2000 to 31December 2009. The algorithm of temperature in modified MTCLIM was improved by constructing the daily linear regression relationship between temperature and elevation, aspect and location information. There are two steps to modify the MTCLIM to predict daily precipitation： firstly, the linear regression relationship was built between annual average precipitation and elevation, location, and vegetation index; secondly, the distance weight for measuring the contribution of each weather station on target point was improved by average wind direction during the rainy season. Several regression analysis and goodness-of-fit indices （i.e., Pearson＇s correlation coefficient, coefficient of determination, mean absolute error, root-mean-square error and modelingefficiency） were used to validate these estimated values. The result showed that the modified MTCLIM had a better performance than the MTCLIM. Therefore, the modified MTCLIM was used to map daily meteorological data in the study area from 2000 to 2009. These results were validated using weather stations with short time data and the predicted accuracy was acceptable. The meteorological data mapped could become inputs for distributed hydrological and ecological models applied in the Qilian Mountains.  相似文献   

基于雷达监测河川径流的测量及算法   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

牛赟  刘贤德  王强 《山地学报》2014,32(6)

祁连山大野口流域由于水流急、河面宽,修筑量水堰有一定的难度,准确监测河川径流成了流域水量平衡和涵养水源功能机理研究的障碍。通过大野口流域雷达测流处水面比降、河川横断面面积、水力半径、流速仪实测流量、糙率和谢才系数等一系列测量和计算,可得出雷达监测水位与相应的河川径流量的函数关系式,并绘制出水位流量图。结果表明:雷达测流处水面平均比降为0.028;河川最大洪水断面宽13.4 m,高1.32 m;河川横断面糙率的平均值为0.059;雷达监测水位与相应的河川径流量的函数关系式为Q=0.0018H2-0.0206H(R2=0.9994),该关系式可有效解决修筑量水堰较难而利用雷达监测河川径流的难题。通过研究,可为中等流域尺度上进一步揭示水源涵养功能机理及其流域产流机制提供参考和科学依据,是实现未来水资源可持续开发利用的基础工作,其对认知特定区域水文过程的演变规律,保障内陆河流域水资源合理开发,维持河西地区农业可持续发展具有重要意义。  相似文献