Gold and sulphide minerals in Tertiary quartz pebble conglomerate gold placers, Southland, New Zealand     

D.M. Falconer  D. Craw  J.H. Youngson  K. Faure 《Ore Geology Reviews》2006,28(4):525

Auriferous quartz pebble conglomerates (QPC) formed during Tertiary sedimentary recycling in the Waimumu district, Southland, New Zealand. These sediments contain fine-grained gold of detrital origin with abundant surface textures and gold-forms associated with authigenic gold remobilisation. Most authigenic gold contains no detectable silver and occurs as overgrowths on detrital Au–Ag and Au–Ag–Hg alloys that contain up to 13 wt.% Ag, and 9 wt.% Hg. Fine-grained Au–Ag and Au–Ag–Hg alloys are compositionally heterogeneous, exhibiting both well-defined silver-depleted and silver-enriched rims. Rare coarse Au–Ag alloy is intergrown with quartz and is homogenous. Discrete grains of authigenic, porous, sheet-like gold occur in carbonaceous mudstone within a QPC sequence. Some QPC contain abundant sulphide minerals. Some of these sulphides (pyrite and arsenopyrite) are of long-distance detrital origin, presumably from the Otago Schist, whereas the bulk of the sulphide suite is marcasite of variably transported diagenetic origin, derived from the erosion of QPC and underlying Tertiary sediments. There has also been authigenic deposition of sulphide minerals in the QPC themselves. These diagenetic sulphides include framboidal and anhedral marcasite, and framboidal and euhedral pyrite. Sulphur isotope data for the sulphide minerals range from − 45‰ to + 18‰ (relative to VCDT). Sulphur isotope data for euhedral detrital pyrite and arsenopyrite range from − 9‰ to − 1‰ and are most likely derived from the Otago Schist to the north. Both framboidal and anhedral marcasite have lower values (< − 20‰) reflecting microbial sulphate reduction as a source for the precursor hydrogen sulphide. Anhedral marcasite contains elevated concentrations of Ni, Co, As and Cr, commonly with compositional banding of these metals.Both the gold and diagenetic sulphides from the Belle-Brook QPC are compositionally similar to gold and sulphides from Archaean QPC. Porous, sheet-like authigenic gold is morphologically similar to gold associated with carbonaceous material in the Witwatersrand. In addition, Southland marcasite textures resemble the rounded and banded pyrite in Witwatersrand QPC placers. There is abundant evidence from these Tertiary QPC in southern New Zealand for sedimentary transport of sulphide minerals and post-depositional sulphide mineralisation in the surficial environment despite an oxygen-rich atmosphere. These young deposits thus provide an example of authigenic gold and sulphide textures formed during diagenesis in unmetamorphosed placers. Many of these textures are similar to those commonly ascribed to metamorphic processes in Archaean auriferous QPC.  相似文献   

石英ESR测年信号衰退特征研究进展   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

刘春茹  尹功明  Rainer Grün 《地球科学进展》2013,28(1):24-30

电子自旋共振(ESR)测年法是第四纪地质年代学的重要测试方法之一,其测年范围广,特别是对于20万年至百万年尺度的第四纪样品有着重要意义.准确测量古剂量是影响ESR测年法精度和可信度的重要因素之一,而掌握ESR信号衰退特征及机制是获得准确、可信古剂量的重要前提.ESR测年法适用的地质样品种类较多,如热液石英脉、地质断层泥、水系沉积物等,不同样品的ESR信号衰退特征和机制有较大差异.近年来,国内外学者针对不同地质样品中石英ESR信号的衰退特征和机制深入开展了一系列的实验室模拟和野外观测研究,取得了诸多新认识.回顾了近年来在石英ESR信号衰退特征领域取得的进展,特别是水系沉积物石英ESR信号的衰退特征,并展望了这一领域的未来工作重点.  相似文献   

哀牢山-红河剪切带中段多阶段新生代花岗岩脉:同位素年代学及对于剪切应变型式转变时间的约束   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

陈玮  刘俊来  樊文魁  冯嘉  闫佳鑫  陶海南 《岩石学报》2018,34(5):1347-1358

哀牢山-红河剪切带是新生代印度板块与欧亚板块碰撞过程中发育的大规模走滑型剪切带,其发育对于碰撞过程中印支地块的南东向逃逸以及藏东南地区构造格局的形成具有重要的贡献。与剪切带演化相关,伴随发育多阶段花岗岩脉就位,它们为限定剪切变形时限、阐明剪切作用属性提供了重要证据。本文在野外观察基础上,应用显微构造和EBSD石英c-轴组构分析查明花岗岩脉的构造特点与应变型式,同时采用锆石LA-ICP-MS测年方法获得岩脉侵位与结晶年龄。年龄分析结果表明,岩脉年龄分别为27.09±0.48Ma、25.17±0.23Ma和25.16±0.50Ma,其中年龄为27.09±0.48Ma的花岗岩脉具有糜棱岩化现象,其变形特征体现为中温变形后叠加低温变形,且剪切变形形式由一般剪切转换为简单剪切;年龄为25.17±0.23Ma的花岗岩脉表现出同剪切晚期构造特征,且具有较低温度简单剪切变形特点;25.16±0.50Ma的切穿糜棱叶理,矿物未见变形,可能代表剪切期后岩脉。结合区域构造,推测剪切方式由纯剪为主的剪切向由单剪为主的剪切转换发生在27Ma和25Ma之间,哀牢山-红河剪切带中段在约25Ma走滑运动结束。  相似文献   

The sediment properties of glacial diamicts from the Jutulsessen area of Gjelsvikfjella,East Antarctica: A reflection of source materials and regional climate     

《Polar Science》2014,8(3):264-282

The glacial diamicts deposited in the Jutulsessen area of Gjelsvikfjella, Dronning Maud Land, East Antarctica show the effects of localized meltwater channels and wind processes, as well as of the dominant glacial processes. These glacial sediments are characterized by poor sorting and a variable mean particle size, and the localized meltwater channels have removed silt- and clay-sized sediments, resulting in the relative enrichment of coarser sediments. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of clay minerals in samples collected across the study area show very similar characteristics. Biotite is the dominant mica mineral in the clay together with chlorite and K-feldspar. The presence of illite, and small amounts of smectite, demonstrates the limited extent of chemical weathering due to the cold and arid conditions. The samples from the glacial fan area contain mixed-layer clays, suggesting the effects of localized meltwater and limited chemical activity which has altered the crystal structure of biotite at lower topographic level. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis of surface microtextures from representative quartz grains suggest the dominance of glacial and glaciofluvial processes. The low rates of biogenic activity in this area are indicated by the low total organic carbon (TOC) content of the sediments.  相似文献   

H₂O-CO₂-NaCl体系石英溶解度模型(适用于高达1000℃、1.5GPa的高温高压环境)     

卫清  段振豪  毛世德 《岩石学报》2012,28(8):2656-2666

石英在热水溶液中的溶解度对地球化学和岩石学的研究都极为重要.我们提出一个能够适用于H2O-CO2-NaCl 复杂流体成分,高温高压(0～ 1000℃,0～ 1.5GPa)条件下的石英溶解度计算模型,形式如下:logmSiO2=A(T)+B(T)·logMH2O/V*H2O+C(t)? logxH2O 其中A(T)、B(T)、C(t)均为温度T(K)和t(℃)的多项式.xH2O和V*H2O分别代表流体中水的摩尔分数和有效偏摩尔体积.V*H2O值由公式Vmix=xHOV*H2O+∑xsVs计算得到.其中,Vmix代表流体混合物的摩尔体积,由Mao et al.(2010)的最新模型计算得到,xs和Vs分别代表溶质的摩尔分数和本征体积.具体采用VCO2=29.9cm3/mol、VNaCl=30.8cm3/mol.本模型精度较前人模型有所提高,并且适用深达下地壳的温度-压力-成分环境,如:巴罗式变质带、板块俯冲带等.另外,本模型可被用于建立石英地质温度计,加深人们对于石英脉及有关矿床成因的认识,并且可用来指导实验及工程.本模型的在线计算程序可通过以下网站获得:www.geochem-mode1.org.  相似文献   

浙江龙游沐尘早白垩世石英二长岩体的成因: 镁铁质包体及寄主岩的元素与Sr-Nd同位素地球化学证据   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

刘亮  邱检生  李真  李友连 《岩石学报》2012,28(12):3993-4006

沐尘岩体呈北北东向出露于浙江龙游县沐尘至遂昌县双溪口一带,为早白垩世晚期(112Ma)岩浆活动的产物。岩体主体岩性为石英二长岩,岩体中普遍发育形态多样的暗色镁铁质微粒包体。包体岩性主要为黑云母二长闪长岩,包体多呈椭球形或卵形等塑性形态,大小不一,从几厘米到几十厘米不等。主量元素组成上,寄主石英二长岩具有中酸性、准铝质、富碱、富钾等特征;镁铁质包体则偏基性、贫钾。微量和稀土元素组成上,寄主岩富集Rb、K、Th、U,贫Sr、P、Nb、Ta、Ti,且Zr、Hf含量相对较高,具中-强的铕负异常(Eu/Eu^*=0.12~0.60)。镁铁质包体具有相似的微量元素特征,但相对富集Sr、P,贫Zr、Hf,铕负异常中等或不明显(Eu/Eu^*=0.43~0.93)。寄主岩及镁铁质包体具有相似的初始Sr、Nd同位素组成,I_Sr分别为0.7062~0.7065和0.7058~0.7070,ε_Nd(t)值均偏高,分别为-3.19~-2.43和-2.60~0.58。在主量元素氧化物比值相关图解及微量元素与同位素协变图解上,镁铁质包体与寄主岩之间呈现出良好的协变关系,从地球化学角度为成岩过程中存在岩浆混合作用提供了可靠证据。温压计算表明沐尘岩体为温度偏高(797~851℃)的中深成岩体(6~7km)。综合岩石学、元素地球化学与Sr-Nd同位素组成特征,表明沐尘石英二长岩及镁铁质包体最可能是在引张构造背景下,由亏损的地幔组分及其诱发的地壳物质部分熔融形成的长英质岩浆经混合后,并经进一步的分异演化形成。  相似文献   

云南会泽老鹰箐昆阳群黄草岭组中锌矿新层位     

卞善涛  朱厚广  杨映忠 《云南地质》2012,(2):195-199

老鹰箐锌矿产于昆阳群黄草岭组下段(Pt2h1),为本区新发现的赋矿层位。矿体位于五星背斜核部偏南东翼、北西向F1和北东向F2断层破碎带中,为盲矿体,成因类型为断裂带充填型脉状锌矿。  相似文献   

U–Pb LA-ICP-MS geochronology of detrital zircon grains from low-grade metasedimentary rocks (Neoproterozoic – Cambrian) of the Mojotoro Range,northwest Argentina     

《Journal of South American Earth Sciences》2014

The first results of U–Pb detrital zircons were obtained in three lithostratigraphic units of the Puncoviscana Complex in NW Argentina: Chachapoyas, Alto de la Sierra and Guachos Formations. The Chachapoyas Formation has a maximum sedimentation age of 569 Ma and a minimum age of 533 Ma, based on the U–Pb age of an intrusive porphyry granitic. The Alto de la Sierra Formation, composed by sandstones and volcaniclastic rocks, has a maximum age of 543 Ma. A maximum age of 517 Ma is here reported for the deposition of the Guachos Formation, the youngest unit. The contact between the Chachapoyas and Guachos formations is by a tectonic relation, and it's probably coincident with a stratigraphic unconformity between them (unconformity Tilcara I). The Lizoite Formation is overlying by an unconformity (Tilcara II unconformity) the Puncoviscana Complex, and represents the basal unit of the Mesón Group. The provenance zircon data for that formation indicate a maximum depositional age of 513 Ma.  相似文献   

四川康定四家寨金矿地质特征及找矿标志     

和玉红 《云南地质》2014,33(3):384-386

四家寨金矿是康定杂岩内典型的石英脉-蚀变岩型金矿床,金矿（化）石英脉呈似层状,透镜状充填于构造破碎带中,硅化、黄铁矿化与金矿关系密切,脆-韧性剪切带是本区重要的找矿标志.  相似文献   

绿春大马尖山铜砷矿矿床成因     

郑世红 《云南地质》2010,29(4):420-423

矿体赋存于下志留统变质砂板岩及侵入其中的石英斑岩中,与燕山晚期构造运动及岩浆活动有关。水平及垂直分带明显。属低温热液硫化物充填—交代型铜砷矿。  相似文献