Pollution Source Investigation and Water Quality Management in the Carp Lake Watershed,Taiwan   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Chia‐Hsien Yen  Ku‐Fan Chen  Yih‐Terng Sheu  Chi‐Chwen Lin  Jao‐Jia Horng 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2012,40(1):24-33

In this study, a full survey of pollutant sources and water quality was conducted, followed by the application of a water quality model (Water Quality Analysis Simulation Program, WASP) to establish strategies of water quality control in Carp Lake, Taiwan. Results of the field investigation show that both point and non‐point source (NPS) pollutants were responsible for the poor water quality. The contributions of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) from point source and NPS pollution were 45.9 and 55.1%, respectively. About 80% of total phosphorus (TP) were contributed by NPS. Additionally, point source and NPS pollution discharged 55.5 and 44.5% of NH₃–N load, respectively. The Carlson's Trophic State Index ranged from 61.9 to 69.2 showing serious eutrophic problems in Carp Lake. The calculated BOD, NH₃–N, and TP carrying capacity were approximately 2.8, 0.42, and 0.15 kg per day, respectively. However, the current pollutant loadings are approximately 3.0–5.5 times the calculated carrying capacity. With the help of the calibrated WASP model, remedial strategies for the lake water from short‐term to long‐term were developed. The completion of the small local sewer system to remove 80% of the point source pollution can serve as a short‐term goal while 40–60% of NPS removal by natural treatment systems may serve as a mid‐term goal. Furthermore, 80% of both source point and NPS pollution removal can be considered as a long‐term strategy. Results of heavy metal analysis show that the enriched sediment would be safe for agricultural applications.  相似文献   

福建地下流体非地震前兆异常技术分析     

林国元  朱继承  秦双龙 《防灾减灾学报》2015,(1):35-41

通过福建地下流体多起非地震前兆异常调查核实,展示每一起前兆异常调查的思路和技术分析的过程;阐述各异常的表现形式;分析其不同的干扰源;并用实验数据进行验证。分析引起地震前兆异常存在问题,提出解决的措施。如何利用干扰信息,估算受干扰井泉的裂隙含水层的渗透系数等。本文对近几年福建地下流体非地震前兆异常技术分析进行初步总结,并对异常核实提出一些建议。  相似文献   

跨断层综合地质剖面法在隐伏断层野外地质调查中的研究与应用——以瑞昌-武宁断裂为例     

曾新福  汤兰荣  陶鑫  李清武  吕坚 《中国地震》2016,32(4):607-617

在从事多年野外地质调查研究的基础上,对隐伏断层的野外地质调查提出了跨断层综合地质剖面法。该方法主要是依据断层错动造成两侧相同地层(主要是第四系)相应地貌面产生垂直向高差或水平向的不连续,从而使两侧相应地层地貌面的高程和地层的相对运动发生变化。依据这些信息判断断层活动时代与运动性质。分析了该方法的适用条件和影响因素,指出研究场地第四系发育齐全是跨断层综合地质剖面法的关键。最后将该方法在瑞昌-武宁断裂研究中的实际应用得到的结果与传统隐伏断层研究方法的结果进行对比分析,其结果的一致性表明了该方法在研究及工程应用中的可靠性和实用性。  相似文献   

深水土工调查技术和分析方法新进展   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王淑云  鲁晓兵 《海洋工程》2007,25(2):126-130

简要介绍了近年来国外在深水土工调查技术和分析方法方面取得的新进展,包括:钻孔取样技术在钻入模式和取样器的多样化和有效组合,从而实现不同水深和不同土类条件下的高质量取样;带孔压测量的圆锥触探试验在测量方法、孔压测量单元设计、探头的小型化和多样化、数据的快速传输以及分析理论方面的进展;减少土样扰动,准确评估粘土不排水抗剪强度的“SHANSEP”室内试验方法及应用。  相似文献   

青海玉树7.1级地震房屋建筑震害调查和分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

谭明  李洋  胡伟华  侯建盛  王伟  宋立军  曲延军 《内陆地震》2010,24(2):173-179

2010年4月14日青海玉树7.1级地震灾害严重,给当地居民造成了巨大的损失。房屋破坏是造成人员伤亡和巨大财产损失的主要因素,通过现场调查给出房屋建筑震害情况,分析了房屋建筑的震害特征,提出了地震灾区恢复重建建议。  相似文献   

分层止水技术在污染场地环境调查中的应用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

常林祯  杨文轩  徐树  景龙  廉欣  李斌 《探矿工程》2017,44(7):24-28

由于工业与化工企业违规排放废（污）水,造成了场地区域土壤与水资源的污染,在后期污染场地环境调查评价中,地下水污染深度界定尤为重要,地下水污染深度是地下水健康风险评估的主要依据。在河北省沧县某化工厂污染场地环境调查中,采用锥形止水器进行2层坐封式有效分层止水,准确界定地下水的污染深度。结合该工程实例,阐明分层止水器的分层止水技术进行第四系地下水污染深度调查、界定的技术方法。实践证明,该技术具有施工简单、使用灵活等优点,止水效果良好,技术有效、可行。  相似文献   

西昆仑甜水海西典型地区环境地质遥感调查进展   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

李晓民  李冬玲  武平生  张焜  辛荣芳  刘世英 《中国地质调查》2017,4(3):57-63

随着中国经济的高速发展,了解西昆仑地区环境地质演变有着重要意义,尤其对边境地区的国防建设具有重要的战略意义。为此,利用国产高分一号(GF-1)卫星数据在西昆仑甜水海西典型地区进行1:5万比例尺的环境地质遥感调查,并利用3期不同时相的遥感数据作参照,定性与定量相结合,综合分析了该地区环境地质近20 a的演变。该区以冻融荒漠化和水蚀荒漠化为主,1993—2013年间,区内荒漠化面积不断增加,尤其是冻融荒漠化面积增加了2.29 km²,地质环境、地形地貌等自然因素决定了荒漠化的整体空间分布特征; 同期的湖泊、沼泽面积也呈逐年增加态势,反映了当地气候逐渐变暖的现象。区域荒漠化加剧,容易诱发滑坡、泥石流和沉陷等地质灾害,损毁道路,严重影响着该地区经济发展和国防建设。在自然地理条件恶劣、交通条件不便的地区,高分辨率遥感技术可以发挥其强大的地质判析力。  相似文献   

山东省尾矿库遥感调查与环境影响分析   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

周英杰  王晓红  姚维岭  杨金中 《中国地质调查》2017,4(4):88-92

矿山尾矿库存在巨大的潜在危害,是不可轻视的环境风险源。为实现对山东省尾矿库的遥感监测与分析,利用我国遥感14号、24号、5号和高分2号等卫星高分辨率遥感图像,对全省矿山尾矿库进行全面的遥感解译,摸清了现有尾矿库的类型、数量、位置、规模及使用状态。截至2015年12月,山东省共有尾矿库585座,以铁矿和金矿尾矿库为主,主要集中在胶东地区(烟台、青岛和威海),经野外实地验证,遥感调查结果全部正确; 从尾矿库占用和破坏土地、尾矿废水污染、粉尘污染以及地质灾害隐患等方面分析了尾矿库对环境的影响,建议相关部门予以高度重视,及时排查尾矿库的隐患。  相似文献   

An experimental investigation into the wave power extraction of a floating box-type breakwater with dual pneumatic chambers     

《Applied Ocean Research》2017

The oscillating water column (OWC) device is in a leading position for wave power extraction but has not achieved fully commercial at the current stage. In addition to enhancing the OWC performance, installing OWCs on floating breakwaters, which owns the merits of both cost-sharing and offshore power supply, is a practicality with high economic viability. In this study, a series of wave-flume experiments were conducted in regular waves to examine the wave power extraction of a floating box-type breakwater with dual pneumatic chambers. The flow characteristics of the orifices used to simulate the PTOs was pre-calibrated through another series of experiments, so the power extraction in this study can be obtained with only the pressure measurement. The effects of wave period, chamber draft, water depth and arrangement of chambers on the power extraction were examined. Our experimental results showed that the power extraction was mainly due to the water column oscillation inside the chamber, and differentiation in the designed natural periods of dual chambers could widen the efficiency bandwidth of power extraction. The front chamber always played the main role in power extraction and its natural period should be designed against the dominating period of the wave spectrum; in contrast, the power extraction of the rear chamber was only a supplement and its natural period should be designed against longer waves which were more easily transmitted, thus a PTO of small power capacity maybe more realistic. It was also worth noting that the water column oscillation was more dependent on the wave period rather than controlled by the wave scattering under different water depths.  相似文献   

Questionnaire-based assessment of Mediterranean fishing ports,Nile Delta,Egypt     

《Marine Policy》2017

The fisheries sector is a significant contributor to the Egyptian economy. Recently, issues relating to fishing ports have been highlighted in port planning, availability of facilities, management, and environmental issues. Additional problems include Egypt's lack of specific guidelines for planning and design of fishing ports. This paper aims to assess the current status of five fishing ports (both natural and artificial) located along the Mediterranean coast of Egypt. Data were collected via a questionnaire supplied directly to the fishermen. The questionnaire contains two sections that cover information regarding the fishermen and fishing vessels. There are sections to assess the degree of satisfaction of the fishermen regarding economic, environmental, planning, facilities, and managerial issues. 250 fishermen received the questionnaire. The data were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. The results confirm that the fishing ports are negatively affected by a number issues, as well as management deficiencies, resulting in several weaknesses. The main issues include pollution, sedimentation, deterioration of infrastructure, and lack of port facilities. It is recommended that decision-makers should develop monitoring tools and improve infrastructure and services. Recommendations are made for future development to enable the expansion in the fishing industry and improve the sustainability of fishing ports.  相似文献