国土资源调查是实现知识经济的基础     

吕金波 《城市地质》2000,12(2):22-26

以北京地区地质现象为基础,国土资源调查为依据,以首都经济建设为研究对象。文章详细论证了国土资源是首都经济发展的基础,国土资源调查是实现首都知识经济的基础。  相似文献   

遥感技术在第四纪地质调查中的应用──以南水北调中线工程天津干渠段为例          下载免费PDF全文

迟振卿  张绪教  李金洪  邝生爱 《第四纪研究》1999,(3)

南水北调中线工程天津干渠1：5万遥感综合地质图中所表示的丰富的第四纪内容,是遥感、计算机图像处理这一高新技术与常规地质普查紧密结合的产物。根据遥感影像特征和野外实地调查,区分出不同的岩性特征和接触关系,将徐水至天津市杨柳青划分为11个沉积单元,本文以其中的4个单元为例对其岩性特征、遥感影像特点和工程地质特性作一简要介绍,并扼要地介绍了遥感图像处理的过程。  相似文献   

清江流域旅游资源分布规律及成因   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

李江风  汪华斌  吕贻峰  Li Jiangfeng  Wang Huabin  Lü Yifeng 《地球科学》1999,24(4):374-377

通过对清江流域复杂的自然条件和环境的概括,说明了该地区丰富多彩的自然和人旅游资源形成的根本原因,以该地区最具特色的自然景观－地质地貌景观为主要研究对象,阐述了地质过程、地貌演化是该地区其他自然旅游景观形成、演化的主要动力和控制因素。同时,也强调了自然界的时空演进对人文景观形成和分布的重要控制作用。  相似文献   

钻探(钻孔)工程与环境保护     

吴光琳 《地质与勘探》1999,35(4):48-52

叙述了钻探（ 钻孔） 技术在地下污染层勘查、核废物储埋库选址、地下污染层解污、地下污染物封隔、污水曝气处理和垃圾场甲烷气利用等方面的应用,列举了环境工程实例  相似文献   

Earth Fissuring and Land Subsidence in Western Saudi Arabia   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Bankher  Khalid A.  Al-Harthi  Abbas A. 《Natural Hazards》1999,20(1):21-42

The present investigation deals with the engineering geological evaluation of earth fissuring associated with land subsidence in Wadi Al-Yutamah. The investigations include surface mapping and sampling, in situ and laboratory soil testing, water well inventory, geophysical survey, and monitoring of open fissures and the level of the wadi floor.The earth fissures in the area developed as a result of land subsidence due to man-induced water level declines caused by pumping water from the wadi aquifer above a safe yield. This situation has produced a compaction of underlying unconsolidated sediments and formed hair fissures above ridges and steps of buried surface bedrock. These hair fissures enlarged later after flood erosion and possible enhancement with hydrocompaction.The wadi soil in the study area consists mainly of silt of low plasticity, low density and high void ratio and it was classified as loess like material and collapsing soil. The settlement in the area is greatly increased by excessive wetting under constant pressures. The calculated coefficients of subsidence (collapse) show that the wadi soils were considered to pose moderate problems when wetted.Monitoring of the existing open earth fissures using extensometers indicates that the width of the fissure increases after flooding or rain falls. Monitoring of the ground level using GPS techniques, shows a good relation between the declination of the water table and the subsidence of the ground of the wadi floor.  相似文献   

Exploration of Laoyachen fault in Zhengzhou and its activity investigation     

郝凯  田勤俭  刘保金  尹功明 《地震学报(英文版)》2008,21(4):417-424

In the paper, an exploration is made by the techniques of shallow seismic prospecting, borehole composite profile analysis, field morphological investigation, and new geological dating for the Laoyachen fault in Zhengzhou that was originally recognized as an active one. The result from shallow seismic prospecting indicates this fault only existed in the stratum prior to the Neogene, dislocations and activity traces of this fault could not be found in the Neogene stratum. At the same time, the surface morphological investigation reveals that the location of the so-called "fault scarp" is not consistent with that of Laoyachen fault. Moreover, seismic drilling and borehole composite profile analysis also indicate that the scarp only developed in Malan Loess. The stratum beneath it is gentle and no dislocation traces can be seen. Therefore, we propose that this scarp is not relevant to the Laoyachen fault, which might be resulted from the diverted course of Yellow River. Laoyachen fault is not an active one.  相似文献   

INVESTIGATION TO LANDSLIDES TRIGGERED BY THE 1856 QIANJIANG-XIANFENG(DALUBA)EARTHQUAKE AND THEIR GENERATION MECHANISMS          下载免费PDF全文

ZHOU Xin  ZHOU Qing  GAO Shuai-po 《地震地质》2018,40(2):410-425

On 10 June 1856, an M61/4 earthquake occurred between Qianjiang, Chongqin and Xianfeng, Hubei, resulting in severe geologic hazard including a series of large-scale landslides. Based on previous work, combining field investigations and remote sensing imagery, we have mapped the locations of three landslides triggered by this event, dominated by slumps. Our field work included observations to every failure slopes and occurrence, lithology and joints of rocks in the surroundings. We also employed an unmanned air plane to take pictures of the study area, yielding high-resolution DEM and DOM data which permit to generate terrain contours with a 2m interval. With these field investigations, we have described the sizes and forms of each slump mass in detail, and studied their generation mechanisms. Our research suggests the following natural conditions are responsible for these seismic landslides. 1)In a tectonic stress field characterized by NW-SE directed principal compressive stress, the slopes received a seismic acceleration from NW to SE in a short time. 2)Strata dip in a direction consistent with the seismic motion, thus the slope was easy to slide along stratum interfaces. 3)The two sets of joints existing in rocks experienced long-term weathering, resulting in connection of partial structural planes and destruction to the intactness of rock bodies.  相似文献   

Disaster Investigation for August 20th, 2019 Sanya M4.2 Earthquake in Hainan, China     

JIA Wei  WU Tiesheng  ZHENG Kexian  WANG Zhicheng  LIN Zhen  HU Jinqiao  XU Xiaofeng  LI Zhixiong  WU Xiaojiang 《中国地震研究》2020,34(2):285-295

On August 20^th, 2019, a M4.2 earthquake occurred near Zhanan and Lixin Village, Tianya District, Sanya City, Hainan Province. We conduct field investigations in the vicinity of the epicenter which includes 25 natural villages based on the data provided by local government and finally complete the map of the earthquake intensity. Through the analysis of the houses and cracks in the earthquake area, the structure types and crack characteristics of the houses are basically unveiled. Furthermore, suggestions for earthquake disaster reduction in study area are obtained from the investigation.  相似文献   

全球变化下青藏高原湖泊在地表水循环中的作用   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

朱立平  彭萍  张国庆  乔宝晋  刘翀  杨瑞敏  王君波 《湖泊科学》2020,32(3):597-608

青藏高原是地球上最重要的高海拔地区之一,对全球变化具有敏感响应.青藏高原作为"亚洲水塔",其地表水资源及其变化对高原本身及周边地区的经济社会发展具有重要的影响.然而,在气候变暖的情况下,构成高原地表水资源的各个组分,如冰川、湖泊、河流、降水等水体的相变及其转化却鲜为人知.湖泊是青藏高原地表水体相变和水循环的关键环节.湖泊面积、水位和水量对西风和印度季风的降水变化非常敏感,但湖泊面积和水量变化在不同区域和时段的响应也不尽相同.湖泊水温对气候变暖具有明显响应,湖泊水温和水下温跃层深度的变化能够对水—气的热量交换具有明显影响,从而影响了区域蒸发和降水等水循环过程.由于湖泊水量增加,高原中部色林错地区湖泊盐度自1970s以来普遍下降.根据60多个湖泊实地监测建立的遥感反演模型研究发现,2000—2019年湖泊透明度普遍升高.对不同补给类型的大湖水量平衡监测发现,影响湖泊变化的气象和水文要素具有较大差异.在目前的暖湿气候条件下,青藏高原的湖泊将会持续扩张.为了深入认识湖泊变化在青藏高原区域水循环和气候变化中的作用,需要全面了解湖泊水量赋存及连续的时间序列变化,需要深入了解湖泊理化参数变化及对湖泊大气之间热量交换的影响,需要更多来自大湖流域的综合连续观测数据.  相似文献   

萧山-球川断裂富阳—建德段第四纪活动性研究     

张鹏  张媛媛  马志江  白玉  王晓东  孙明行 《震灾防御技术》2018,13(4):959-967

萧山-球川断裂是浙江地区1条大规模的北东向断裂,在该断裂附近曾发生过多次破坏性地震。本文通过地质调查、电法勘探和探槽开挖等方法,对萧山-球川断裂富阳—建德段第四纪活动性进行了研究。萧山-球川断裂富阳—建德段的遥感影像线性特征清楚,对地貌的控制作用较为明显,对山前的第四系发育有明显影响。通过对断裂露头剖面的分析,认为萧山-球川断裂富阳—建德段活动性质以走滑兼具逆冲为主。通过本次开挖的富阳峙山村探槽,结合ESR年龄测定,判定该断裂在第四纪早、中期有过活动,但未断错上覆中更新统上部地层,其最新活动时代为早、中更新世。  相似文献