岩溶区页岩气勘探中的近地表地球物理探测技术应用研究     

刘伟 《地质与勘探》2023,59(1):113-121

岩溶区页岩气钻井在近地表常揭露溶洞、地下河、强裂隙带等不良地质体,严重制约了页岩气资源勘探开发的进程。在岩溶页岩气靶区利用地球物理技术探测对钻探不利的近地表地质结构构造,可有效规避钻井钻遇近地表强岩溶发育带、断层破碎带的风险。综合运用高密度电阻率成像法、音频大地电磁法和测氡法对贵州都匀和广西融安碳酸盐岩区的2个油气靶区进行了地下构造识别,结果表明：高密度电阻率成像法和音频大地电磁法能有效确定浅地表地下低阻构造的位置、宽度和产状,高密度电阻率成像法在50 m以浅深度拥有更高的分辨率,音频大地电磁法探测深度更深,但对地下介质的分辨率不高,氡气测量能很好地识别地下低阻构造的属性。高密度电阻率成像法、音频大地电磁法与测氡法三者可优势互补,组成有效识别岩溶区近地表地质结构构造的技术方法体系,可为南方岩溶区页岩气钻井避开近地表强岩溶发育带、断层破碎带以及最终位置的确定提供可靠的技术支撑。  相似文献   

Genesis of the Late Archean granitoids of the northern part of the Dharwar foreland (Dharwar Craton), south India – Insights from field,crystal size distribution,thermobarometry, microgeochemical and bulk-rock geochemical studies     

《Chemie der Erde / Geochemistry》2021,81(1):125688

An intrusive granitoid pluton into TTG-Dharwar Supergroup greenstone sequence is being reported for the first time from the Dharwar Foreland region. Based on field and petrographic characteristics, these granitoids are classified as - quartz-monzodiorites and granites. Occasional mafic bodies of dioritic-granodioritic composition with size ranging from small microgranular magmatic enclaves to bodies of several centimeters are common in these granitoids.The granitoids are devoid of any crystal-plastic fabric as well as high-strain characteristics. The textural (CSD) studies indicate that the quartz-monzodiorites are derived from magma mixing whereas the granites are derived from equilibrium crystallization of the magma derived from the reworking of quartz-monzodiorites. The P-T estimates indicate that the quartz-monzodiorites were crystallized at higher temperature (>950 °C) and pressure (3.09–4.36 kbar) conditions in a reducing environment at mid-crustal levels. However, the granites indicate lower temperature (<750 °C) and pressure (0.89–1.88 kbar) conditions of crystallization in an oxidizing environment at shallow-crustal levels. The bulk rock chemical characteristics indicate that the quartz-monzodiorites were derived from the melt generated by the mixing of two melts - a melt derived from the differentiation of sanukitoids senso lato (s.l.) and a melt derived from the partial melting of TTG. On the other hand, reworking of the hot crystallizing quartz-monzodiorite due to its rapid upliftment to shallow crustal levels resulted in a decompression melting which gave rise to granitic melts.The relative age of the Dharwad granitoids is estimated to be ∼2580–2560 Ma and unlike the other older granitoids (> 2.61 Ga) reported from the northern part of the Shimoga greenstone belt, the studied granitoids marks the final stage of cratonization in the Foreland region.  相似文献   

Comment on “Comparative study of beta-decay data for eight nuclides measured at the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt” [Astropart. Phys. 59 (2014) 47–58]     

《Astroparticle Physics》2015

We would like to comment on a recent paper by Sturrock et al. (2014) in which the authors analyze decay data acquired by an ionization chamber in our institute. They interpret the variations in the data as solar-driven changes in the decay rates of the radionuclides under study. In brief we would like to discuss and elucidate the properties and the origin of the data used by the authors and explain why these data are not a sound basis for claiming evidence for new physics.  相似文献   

论岩浆热液矿床的成矿期 ——以南岭地区燕山期钨矿为例     

汪相  楼法生 《地质论评》2022,68(2):507-530

中国岩浆热液型钨矿主要赋存在南岭地区的燕山期花岗岩体内部或周围.目前,尚无法精准地测定此类钨矿的成矿年龄,统计上,得出了两期钨成矿作用:150～160 Ma(主成矿期)和130～140 Ma(次成矿期),然而,这困扰了对南岭钨矿成矿作用及其与花岗岩关系的理解.笔者等将综合分析各种最新资料,对成矿母岩、深部岩浆房和成矿机...  相似文献   

The 26{middle dot}5 ka Oruanui Eruption, Taupo Volcano, New Zealand: Development, Characteristics and Evacuation of a Large Rhyolitic Magma Body     

WILSON  C. J. N.; BLAKE  S.; CHARLIER  B. L. A.; SUTTON  A. N. 《Journal of Petrology》2006,47(1):35-69

The caldera-forming 26·5 ka Oruanui eruption (Taupo,New Zealand) erupted 530 km³ of magma, >99% rhyolitic, <1%mafic. The rhyolite varies from 71·8 to 76·7 wt% SiO₂ and 76 to 112 ppm Rb but is dominantly 74–76 wt% SiO₂. Average rhyolite compositions at each stratigraphiclevel do not change significantly through the eruption sequence.Oxide geothermometry, phase equilibria and volatile contentsimply magma storage at 830–760°C, and 100–200MPa. Most rhyolite compositional variations are explicable by28% crystal fractionation involving the phenocryst and accessoryphases (plagioclase, orthopyroxene, hornblende, quartz, magnetite,ilmenite, apatite and zircon). However, scatter in some elementconcentrations and ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratios, and the presence of non-equilibriumcrystal compositions imply that mixing of liquids, phenocrystsand inherited crystals was also important in assembling thecompositional spectrum of rhyolite. Mafic compositions comprisea tholeiitic group (52·3–63·3 wt % SiO₂)formed by fractionation and crustal contamination of a contaminatedtholeiitic basalt, and a calc-alkaline group (56·7–60·5wt % SiO₂) formed by mixing of a primitive olivine–plagioclasebasalt with rhyolitic and tholeiitic mafic magmas. Both maficgroups are distinct from other Taupo Volcanic Zone eruptivesof comparable SiO₂ content. Development and destruction by eruptionof the Oruanui magma body occurred within 40 kyr and Oruanuicompositions have not been replicated in vigorous younger activity.The Oruanui rhyolite did not form in a single stage of evolutionfrom a more primitive forerunner but by rapid rejuvenation ofa longer-lived polygenetic, multi-age ‘stockpile’of silicic plutonic components in the Taupo magmatic system. KEY WORDS: Taupo Volcanic Zone; Taupo volcano; Oruanui eruption; rhyolite, zoned magma chamber; juvenile mafic compositions; eruption withdrawal systematics  相似文献   

Leucocratic and Gabbroic Xenoliths from Hualalai Volcano, Hawai'i   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

SHAMBERGER  PATRICK J.; HAMMER  JULIA E. 《Journal of Petrology》2006,47(9):1785-1808

A diverse range of crustal xenoliths is hosted in young alkalibasalt lavas and scoria deposits (erupted 3–5 ka) at thesummit of Huallai. Leucocratic xenoliths, including monzodiorites,diorites and syenogabbros, are distinctive among Hawaiian plutonicrocks in having alkali feldspar, apatite, zircon and biotite,and evolved mineral compositions (e.g. albitic feldspar, clinopyroxeneMg-number 67–78). Fine-grained diorites and monzodioritesare plutonic equivalents of mugearite lavas, which are unknownat Huallai. These xenoliths appear to represent melt compositionsfalling along a liquid line of descent leading to trachyte—amagma type which erupted from Huallai as a prodigious lava flowand scoria cone at 114 ka. Inferred fractionating assemblages,MELTS modeling, pyroxene geobarometry and whole-rock norms allpoint to formation of the parent rocks of the leucocratic xenolithsat 3–7 kbar pressure. This depth constraint on xenolithformation, coupled with a demonstrated affinity to hypersthene-normativebasalt and petrologic links between the xenoliths and the trachyte,suggests that the shift from shield to post-shield magmatismat Huallai was accompanied by significant deepening of the activemagma reservoir and a gradual transition from tholeiitic toalkalic magmas. Subsequent differentiation of transitional basaltsby fractional crystallization was apparently both extreme—culminatingin >5·5 km³ of trachyte—and rapid, at 2·75x 10⁶ m³ magma crystallized/year. KEY WORDS: geothermobarometry; magma chamber; xenolith; cumulate; intensive parameters  相似文献   

基于Radon和树型小波变换的遥感影像居民地提取     

过林  马莉  叶诗淳 《东北测绘》2012,(1):150-153

针对频域变换的旋转不变纹理特征,提出Radon变换结合树型小波变换的纹理特征提取方法。以Radon变换处理影像将影像纹理的旋转转化成平移信息,对变换后的影像进行非完全树型小波变换。此时可以将能量作为旋转不变纹理特征,但得到的小波系数所携带信息较少,所以本文采用小波系数直方图作为纹理特征。采用此方法对居民地进行提取,实验结果表明利用该方法能得到比较有效稳定的旋转不变纹理特征,并且对不同的中小比例尺遥感影像都有较好的适应性。  相似文献   

各向异性 Ｒadon 变换在深水地震多次波压制中的应用     

梁全有  韩立国  巩向博 《世界地质》2014,33(2):484-487

在深海多缆、长拖缆地震勘探的各种噪音影响中,多次波对深层的有效反射影响难以消除。笔者介绍了一种高分辨率各向异性 Ｒadon 变换方法,在 Ｒadon 变换积分路径中增加非椭圆率 eta 参数,将传统 Ｒadon 变换积分曲线由慢度、偏移距两参数改为慢度、偏移距及非椭圆率三参数,更好地刻画了长偏移距下反射非双曲时差。通过对某海域实际采集的多缆长偏移距地震数据进行压制多次波处理,与传统方法相比取得了较为理想的效果,为后续深层构造成像提供了基础数据。  相似文献   

青藏高原草地生态系统碳通量研究进展   总被引：7，自引：3，他引：4  

岳广阳  赵林  赵拥华  李元寿 《冰川冻土》2010,32(1)

青藏高原拥有我国面积最大的天然草地,区域内生态系统碳通量的长期定位观测研究具有重要意义.在总结生态系统碳通量主要研究方法基础上,对青藏高原不同植被类型碳循环的源、汇效应、时空变化及其与影响因子关系等研究领域所取得的重要进展进行了综合评述.现有研究表明,不同植被类型间CO2通量的季节变化、年际变化、交换量和碳源汇特征等存在明显差异,光合有效辐射、温度、降水、土壤水分和叶面积指数等是影响碳通量变化的主要驱动因子.最后,结合当前青藏高原地区生态系统碳通量研究的现实与需要,探讨了通量观测所面临的主要科学问题及解决途径.未来对青藏高原碳循环关键过程的研究工作还需要多尺度、长期生态实验和CO2通量观测数据支持,同时以此为基础发展新的数据处理、分析和跨尺度机理模拟方法,建立青藏高原生态系统碳循环模型.  相似文献   

Three-dimensional crustal structure and magma chamber geometry at the intermediate-spreading, back-arc Valu Fa Ridge, Lau Basin—results of a wide-angle seismic tomographic inversion     

Anthony J. Day  Christine Peirce  Martin C. Sinha 《Geophysical Journal International》2001,146(1):31-52

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