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图像增强技术在重磁图像中的应用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文综述了图像增强技术在位场数据中的应用现状,并介绍了两种改进的图像增强技术,用于增强重磁图像特征。一种方法借鉴了直方图平滑化的思想,应用于位场彩色影像的色谱的自动确定。该方法的应用能够使色彩合理地配置,从而保证了图像的视觉效果和分辨率。另一种方法基于改进的Radon变化和梯度计算,用于重磁图像中线性特征的检测和增强。该方法能在变化域中突出显示线性特征,从而有利于线性特征的检测和增强。通过对简单图像和实际资料的应用,表明了两种方法在增强特征中的有效性。 相似文献
184.
Lucia Gurioli Bruce F. Houghton Katherine V. Cashman Raffaello Cioni 《Bulletin of Volcanology》2005,67(2):144-159
The 79 AD eruption of Vesuvius included 8 eruption units (EU1–8) and several complex transitions in eruptive style. This study focuses on two important transitions: (1) the abrupt change from white to gray pumice during the Plinian phase of the eruption (EU2 to EU3) and (2) the shift from sustained Plinian activity to the onset of caldera collapse (EU3 to EU4). Quantification of the textural features within individual pumice clasts reveals important changes in both the vesicles and groundmass crystals across each transition boundary. Clasts from the white Plinian fall deposit (EU2) present a simple story of decompression-driven crystallization followed by continuous bubble nucleation, growth and coalescence in the eruptive conduit. In contrast, pumices from the overlying gray Plinian fall deposit (EU3) are heterogeneous and show a wide range in both bubble and crystal textures. Extensive bubble growth, coalescence, and the onset of bubble collapse in pumices at the base of EU3 suggest that the early EU3 magma experienced protracted vesiculation that began during eruption of the EU2 phase and was modified by the physical effects of syn-eruptive mingling-mixing. Pumice clasts from higher in EU3 show higher bubble and crystal number densities and less evidence of bubble collapse, textural features that are interpreted to reflect more thorough mixing of two magmas by this stage of the eruption, with consequent increases in both vesiculation and crystallization. Pumice clasts from a short-lived, high column at the onset of caldera collapse (EU4) continue the trend of increasing crystallization (enhanced by mixing) but, unexpectedly, the melt in these clasts is more vesicular than in EU3 and, in the extreme, can be classified as reticulite. We suggest that the high melt vesicularity of EU4 reflects strong decompression following the partial collapse of the magma chamber.Editorial responsibility: D.B. Dingwell 相似文献
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Petrogenesis of Mafic Inclusions in Rhyolitic Lavas from Narugo Volcano, Northeastern Japan 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Mafic inclusions present in the rhyolitic lavas of Narugo volcano,Japan, are vesiculated andesites with diktytaxitic texturesmainly composed of quenched acicular plagioclase, pyroxenes,and interstitial glass. When the mafic magma was incorporatedinto the silica-rich host magma, the cores of pyroxenes andplagioclase began to crystallize (>1000°C) in a boundarylayer between the mafic and felsic magmas. Phenocryst rim compositionsand interstitial glass compositions (average 78 wt % SiO2) inthe mafic inclusions are the same as those of the phenocrystsand groundmass glass in the host rhyolite. This suggests thatthe host felsic melt infiltrated into the incompletely solidifiedmafic inclusion, and that the interstitial melt compositionin the inclusions became close to that of the host melt (c.850°C). Infiltration was enhanced by the vesiculation ofthe mafic magma. Finally, hybridized and density-reduced portionsof the mafic magma floated up from the boundary layer into thehost rhyolite. We conclude that the ascent of mafic magma triggeredthe eruption of the host rhyolitic magma. KEY WORDS: mafic inclusion; stratified magma chamber; magma mixing; mingling; Narugo volcano; Japan 相似文献
186.
Radon Precursory Signals for Some Earthquakes of Magnitude > 5 Occurred in N-W Himalaya: An Overview
Vivek Walia Hardev Singh Virk Bikramjit Singh Bajwa 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2006,163(4):711-721
The N-W Himalaya was rocked by a few major and many minor earthquakes. Two major earthquakes in Garhwal Himalaya: Uttarkashi
earthquake of magnitude Ms= 7.0 (mb = 6.6) on October 20, 1991 in Bhagirthi valley and Chamoli earthquake of Ms= 6.5 (mb = 6.8) on March 29, 1999 in the Alaknanda valley and one in Himachal Himalaya: Chamba earthquake of magnitude 5.1 on March
24, 1995 in Chamba region, were recorded during the last decade and correlated with radon anomalies. The helium anomaly for
Chamoli earthquake was also recorded and the Helium/Radon ratio model was tested on it. The precursory nature of radon and
helium anomalies is a strong indicator in favor of geochemical precursors for earthquake prediction and a preliminary test
for the Helium/Radon ratio model. 相似文献
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Laboratory studies examined two key aspects of the performance of a continuous-flow diffusion chamber (CFD) instrument that detects ice nuclei (IN) concentrations in air samples: separating IN from non-IN, and collecting IN aerosols to determine chemical composition. In the first study, submicron AgI IN particles were mixed in a sample stream with submicron non-IN salt particles, and the sample stream was processed in the CFD at −19°C and 23% supersaturation with respect to ice. Examination of the residual particles from crystals nucleated in the CFD confirmed that only AgI particles served as IN in the mixed stream. The second study applied this technique to separate and analyze IN and non-IN particles in a natural air sample. Energy-dispersive X-ray analyses (EDS) of the elemental composition of selected particles from the IN and non-IN fractions in ambient air showed chemical differences: Si and Ca were present in both, but S, Fe and K were also detected in the non-IN fraction. 相似文献
190.
银山地区火山岩-次火山岩由流纹岩、流纹英安斑岩、英安质熔岩、英安斑岩和粗面安山斑岩组成,喷发和侵入存在着反序特征.通过各种物理化学方法确定了岩浆房中存在的化学成分和温度、密度、粘度梯度.建立了以英安质岩浆为主,顶部有一层富SiO2、富K的流纹质岩浆,底部为少量粗面安山质岩浆的带状岩浆房.岩浆演化及带状岩浆房的形成是分离结晶、同化混染、岩浆对流和边界层机制共同作用的结果. 相似文献