我国既有铁路航测技术及应用     

陈绍光 《测绘工程》1999,8(3):68-72

根据我国既有铁路测量状况,阐述既有铁路航测的作业流程,技术特点,以及其测量成果的应用。  相似文献   

前苏联铁路网的形成、发展和布局     

冯春萍 《世界地理研究》1994,(2)

前苏联是世界上铁路运输利用率最高的国家。本文从其铁路发展的背景条件出发，分析了铁路成为前苏联最主要运输方式的原因，并进一步探讨了前苏联铁路网的建设、发展和分布特点，对我国正在进行的大规模铁路建设有一定借鉴意义。  相似文献   

提升铁路勘察设计企业绩效管理能力的思考     

朱霖 《中国勘察设计》2006,(5):60-62

多数铁路勘察设计企业绩效管理存在着观念落后、配套措施不到位、未充分发挥促进员工发展的作用等问题。为进一步提升铁路勘察设计企业绩效管理能力，本文提出了树立以企业战略为导向的绩效管理观念、坚持“以人为本”的绩效管理理念、建立科学的绩效管理体系、差异化设定考核指标、兼顾财务指标和非财务指标等对策建议。  相似文献   

网络地理信息系统研究^*   总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13  

张健挺  刘卫国 《地理研究》1998,17(2):185-192

网络地理信息系统(WebGIS)是近年来地理信息系统发展的方向之一.文中在分析网络地理信息系统内涵和功能的基础上,认为地理数据的空间可视化和空间分析是网络地理信息系统的重要特点.为此提出基于元数据的网络地理信息系统代理服务器的概念,并探讨了在JAVA平台上实现的一些技术问题.最后以京九沿线投资环境网络评估信息系统原型为例,给出了网络地理信息系统一个具体应用实例,实现了网络环境下地理模型分析功能.  相似文献   

依靠矿产资源优势发展京九铁路南浔段经济建设的建议     

罗钊生 《江西地质》1997,11(2):71-73

本文从矿产资源在国民经济建设中的重要性出发，根据九江市矿产资源的优势及其存在问题，向各级领导及决策部门提出了一重视、二协调、三加强、四提高、五兴办几项工作建议。  相似文献   

荒漠,半荒漠地区建设铁路中风沙流防护体系的研究   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2  

祁元祯 《中国沙漠》1996,16(3):266-274

荒漠、半荒漠地带铁路沙害的基本特征是沙侵道床、埋没轨道、磨蚀设备。因不同地带生态条件不同，引起铁路沙害可划分为四类九级。铁路沙害防护标准高，要求路基不风蚀、道床不污染、线路不积沙。根据沙害类型和生态条件，分有灌溉条件与无灌溉条件两种情况建立相适宜的经济防护体系，由前沿阻沙带、植物固沙带、铁路本体防护三部分组成  相似文献   

青藏铁路沿线地表和路基表面热力学模式（Ⅱ）：无云大气条件下模拟试验结果分析     

王可丽  程国栋江灏马耀明  胡泽勇 《冰川冻土》2004,26(2):171-176

冻土层的变化与地-气交接面的能量交换过程有直接的联系，地-气交接面的能量交换过程包含了辐射、对流、热传导三种最基本的热物理过程，利用以此为基础建立的青藏铁路沿线地表和路基表面热力学数值模式(RSTM)，将安多站的实测资料作为模式输入，针对梯形路基与边坡朝向和坡度有关的坡面温度变化及两侧坡面温差变化的问题，对无云大气条件下不同坡度和坡向的表面温度变化特征进行了模拟分析，结果表明，对于就地取土修筑的路基而言，安多段路基上表面温度在各季节都高于气温。在夏季具有明显的高表面温度值，尽管在夏季任何坡度和坡向的路基坡面都具有冷却效应，但路基仍处于高温状态；冬季路基上表面温度虽略低于0℃，但路基偏南方向坡面的强烈增温效应，使南坡表面温度远远超过冻土融化温度的临界状态，而路基两侧坡面热效应的相反作用，通过影响冻土层的冻融过程，可能引起路基纵向裂缝的发生。因此，对冻土路基采取有效的防护措施是非常必要的，用实测资料进行的检验表明，RSTM具有良好的模拟性能，对不同防护措施下青藏铁路路基热状况的预测具有良好的应用前景。  相似文献   

青藏铁路冻土路基沉降变形现场试验研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

张建明  张明义  朱元林  蒋观利 《冰川冻土》2004,26(Z1):155-160

Based on the field data of ground temperature and roadway settlement observed during the construction of the experimental embankments over permafrost along the Qinghai-Tibetan Railway, this paper discusses the differences of frost process on the roadway surface from that on the natural ground surface, the changes of permafrost table under the roadway embankment, and the peculiarities of roadway settlement. Analyses of the test results show : 1) The differences of the freezing indexes between the roadway surfaces and the natural ground surfaces are less than those of the thawing indexes for all the test sections; 2) Since the measures of permafrost protection were taken, the permafrost tables under the embankments have raised after the roadway was constructed. The minimum is about 0.4 m and the maximum is 1.2 m; 3) the settlements of the roadway are mainly from the compression and creep of the icerich frozen soils under the original permafrost tables and the maximum has reached 6 ～ 8 cm during the first year after the embankments were constructed. Moreover, concerning the processes of roadway settlement, the deformation of the embankments has no obvious trend of attenuation at present. Especially,for the roadway with high embankments, the settlement may reach a remarkable value and much consideration must be given for this problem.  相似文献   

青藏铁路多年冻土工程地质勘察     

张钊 《冰川冻土》2004,26(Z1):184-188

The effective and assured measures in criteria of formulation, procedures, techniques and methods for geological prospecting of Qinghai-Xizang Railway have been made. The permafrost engineering geological investigation indicate the talik and those sections with annual average ground temperature higher than 1 ℃ takes up 68.8% of total amount; the high ice content permafrost also account for 50% of real permafrost section. The distribution of permafrost characteristics is obviously influenced by altitude and latitude. The prospecting also shows the distribution of permafrost characteristics is rather complicated. Based on two predications of air temperature-rising tendency, by calculating climate model of permafrost thermal status, and comparing and analyzing geological distribution of Qinghai-Xizang Railway, the tendency of permafrost recession range has been predicated.  相似文献   

Effect of soil stabilization on audible band railway ground vibration     

Robert Hildebrand 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2004,24(5):411-424

Although railway-generated ground vibrations usually have greater energy levels at lower frequencies, vibrations in the audible range above 20 Hz can nevertheless be relevant for secondary noise problems in buildings. One countermeasure is soil stabilization under the track embankment. While effective at low frequencies, a potential side effect is amplification in some audible bands. Presented here are both experimental and theoretical assessments of the countermeasure in the audible bands. The main innovation is the treatment of an infinite periodic track–ground system, using a transfer matrix approach with a repeating element including the rail, pad, sleeper, and an underlying half-space (ballast and soil). Excitation in this band is attributed to rail and wheel roughness. The model makes successful predictions when the half-space properties are allowed to be frequency-dependent such that the dispersion of the surface wave matches that in the actual layered earth (including ballast and underlying soil layers). The field measurements are also unique in that both before and after evaluation of the countermeasure was possible.  相似文献