陷落柱地震波场特征分析   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

李飞  张智  曹志勇  李晶 《地球物理学进展》2009,24(3):886-892

以典型的圆锥形陷落柱构建模型,采用声波方程对其地震波场响应进行模拟.分别从炮点位于陷落柱顶以及位于陷落柱顶一侧较近的两种情况对陷落柱地震波场特征进行细致分析.我们认识到了陷落柱柱壁绕射是陷落柱地震响应的重要特征.陷落柱的"反射--透射波"以及"透射--反射波"可成为识别陷落柱的重要标志.  相似文献   

弹性波正演模拟中PML吸收边界条件的改进   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

秦臻  任培罡  姚姚  张才 《地球科学》2009,34(4):658-664

在弹性波有限差分正演模拟中, 完全匹配层(PML) 吸收边界条件是使用广泛、吸收效果最好的吸收边界条件.在目前的两种PML实现方法中, 分裂形式的完全匹配层(SPML) 方法计算存储量大、编程实现复杂; 非分裂形式的完全匹配层(NPML) 方法计算效率低、计算过程复杂.针对传统PML吸收边界条件在实现过程中存在的问题, 推导出了一种简洁有效的非卷积实现的NPML吸收边界条件, 既不需要对场分量进行分裂, 也不需要做复杂的卷积运算.分析结果表明, 本文实现的NPML吸收边界条件不仅具有良好的吸收衰减性能, 而且计算方程简单, 编程实现容易, 占有内存更小.   相似文献   

大陆盆地的聚敛-闭合过程研究:以塔里木盆地为例     

李江海  潘文庆  蔡振忠  程海艳 《地学前缘》2007,14(6):105-113

印度与欧亚大陆第三纪以来碰撞汇聚,造成亚洲大陆内部强烈缩短变形。塔里木盆地如何发生相应的变形调节和应变分解,成为中亚板内构造的重要问题。塔里木陆块新生代以来被板内造山带及走滑断裂系环绕,盆地内部以刚性为特征,未发生强烈构造变形。区域大断裂与塔里木盆地的冲断、走滑构造边界共同作用,形成盆地边缘复杂的构造系。其新生代构造变形主要集中于盆地的构造边界上,4条构造边界显示差异性的运动特征和构造交切关系。盆地边缘构造带叠加并向盆内扩展,造成盆地总体上水平缩短,并发生应变分解。盆地内部发生沉积-构造分异,发育前陆盆地、前缘隆起、复合前陆盆地、拉分盆地等单元。其中,盆地西北缘及西南缘发生陆内俯冲,形成前陆盆地及前陆冲断带,对盆内构造演化有重要影响。区域构造研究表明,塔里木盆地新生代主要发生了4期区域构造变形,第三纪以来还发生顺时针旋转。大陆盆地构造边界上的运动组合、盆内不均匀阻挡和滑脱拆离,造成其变形扩展方式的差异,并影响盆内单元构造演化。因此,塔里木盆地是认识大陆盆地聚敛与闭合过程的天然实验室。  相似文献   

Significance of ichnofossils to genetic stratigraphy--Examples from the Cretaceous of Alberta, Canada   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

S. George Pemberton  James A. MacEachern  Murray K. Gingras  ZHANG Jianping 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2000,43(5)

Trace fossils represent both sedimentological and paleontological entities, representing a unique blending of potential environmental indicators in the rock record. Trace fossils and trace fossil suites can be employed effectively to aid in the recognition of various discontinuity types and to assist in their genetic interpretation. Ichnology may be employed to resolve surfaces of stratigraphic significance in two main ways: 1) through the identification of discontinuities using substrate-controlled ichnofacies, and 2) through careful analysis of vertical softground (penecontemporaneous) ichnologic successions (analogous to facies successions). Ichnological analysis is a valuable tool in genetic stratigraphic studies. Integrating the data derived from substrate-controlled ichnofacies with paleoecological data from vertical ichnologic successions greatly enhances the recognition and interpretation of a wide variety of stratigraphic surfaces. When this is coupled with conventional facies analysis and sequence stratigraphy, a powerful approach to the interpretation of the rock record is generated.  相似文献   

The Neftegorsk (Sakhalin Island) 1995 earthquake: a rare interplate event     

S. Arefiev  E. Rogozhin  R. Tatevossian  L. Rivera  A. Cisternas 《Geophysical Journal International》2000,143(3):595-607

  相似文献   

基于纵横波保幅分离的粘弹介质弹性波正演模拟     

侯志强  尹文笋  李键  孙永壮  刘云 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2020,(1):82-92

地下介质往往表现为粘弹特性,研究基于粘弹假设的数值模拟方法对于正确认识地震波的传播规律和提高地震勘探精度具有重要意义。波动方程正演过程中纵横波的保幅解耦是研究准确的粘弹介质中地震波传播机理的前提,基于散度和旋度算子的纵横波解耦方法会使波场的相位和振幅产生畸变,且解耦后的波场在极性反转位置上无法与分离前混合波场各分量对应。在散度和旋度算子上再做一次梯度和旋度运算的波场分离方法虽然能够克服上述缺陷,但存在保幅性差等问题。本文从粘弹介质中的一阶速度-应力方程出发,推导了矢量纵横波分离的波数域表达式,结合有限差分思路给出了其在空间域的求解方法。本文方法利用纵横波的传播速度对现有的矢量波场分离方法进行振幅校正,并将校正结果分别作为纵波与横波对时间的二阶偏导,实现了粘弹介质中的纵横波分离。模型试算结果表明,本文方法能够克服现有方法的缺陷,获得更具保幅性的波场分离结果。  相似文献   

Researching and Teaching the Anthropocene     

Kenneth R. Young 《Geographical review》2019,109(2):258-264

  相似文献   

Voronoi tessellation on the ellipsoidal earth for vector data     

Christos Kastrisios  Lysandros Tsoulos 《International journal of geographical information science》2018,32(8):1541-1557

Voronoi tessellation, and its dual the Delaunay triangulation, provide a cohesive framework for the study and interpretation of phenomena of geographical space in two and three dimensions. The planar and spherical solutions introduce errors in the positional accuracy of both Voronoi vertices and Voronoi edges due to errors in distance computations and the path connecting two locations with planar lines or great circle arcs instead of geodesics. For most geospatial applications the introduction of the above errors is insignificant or tolerable. However, for applications where the accuracy is of utmost importance, the ellipsoidal model of the Earth must be used. Characteristically, the introduction of any positional error in the delimitation of maritime zones and boundaries results in increased maritime space for one state at the expense of another. This is a situation that may, among others, have a serious impact on the financial activities and the relations of the states concerned. In the context of previous work on maritime delimitation we show that the Voronoi diagram constitutes the ideal solution for the development of an automated methodology addressing the problem in its entirety. Due to lack of a vector methodology for the generation of Voronoi diagram on the ellipsoid, the aforementioned solution was constrained by the accuracy of existing approaches. In order to fill this gap, in this paper we deal with the inherent attributes of the ellipsoidal model of the Earth, e.g. the fact that geodesics are open lines, and we elaborate on a methodology for the generation of the Voronoi diagram on the ellipsoid for a set of points in vector format. The resulting Voronoi diagram consists of vertices with positional accuracy that is only bounded by the user needs and edges that are comprised of geodesics densified with vertices equidistant to their generators. Finally, we present the implementation of the proposed algorithm in the Python programming language and the results of two case studies, one on the formation of closest service areas and one on maritime boundaries delimitation, with the positional accuracy set to 1 cm.  相似文献   

Environmental evaluation of MODIS-derived land units     

Mar Bisquert  Agnès Bégué  Michel Deshayes  Danielle Ducrot 《地理信息系统科学与遥感》2017,54(1):64-77

A land stratification of the French territory had been previously performed based on time series of vegetation and texture indices. This stratification led to 300 radiometrically homogenous regions that were considered as land units (LUs). In this paper, we present a quantitative analysis of the LUs, with the aim of testing if these LUs are linked to landscape. In this sense, an evaluation of their thematic meaning in terms of environmental variables and land cover was performed. In order to achieve this, we first conducted a statistical analysis at national scale using a set of environmental variables and land cover by means of Moran’s autocorrelation index and Spearman rank correlation index. Second, to analyze the quality of the boundaries between neighboring LUs, we developed a method based on the Spearman rank correlation index calculated on test areas across the boundaries. The first analyses showed that the most explanatory variables of the LUs were land cover, topography and parent material. The boundaries analysis was applied at a regional scale (Pyrenean region), and showed that 89% of the boundaries were well explained by the land cover compositions. The results obtained support the hypothesis that time series of broad resolution remote-sensing images can capture landscape identities and produce LUs maps that have an environmental and land occupation sense.  相似文献   

基于拟线性Born近似的叠前深度偏移方法   总被引：14，自引：7，他引：14       下载免费PDF全文

陈生昌  曹景忠  马在田 《地球物理学报》2001,44(5):704-710

在频率波数域和频率空间域实现了一种基于拟线性Born近似的叠前深度偏移方法，并在2-D空间进行了Marmousi模型炮集数据的处理.通过与Split-StepFourier、Phase-Screen和稳定的Born近似叠前深度偏移等方法比较，认为基于拟线性Born近似的叠前深度偏移方法不仅在效果上要优于前三者，而且还能更好地处理速度横向变化.在散射波场计算中，使用了一个更稳定的散射波场计算公式，扩大了拟线性Born近似的应用范围，使基于拟线性Born近似的叠前深度偏移方法能够适应更强的横向速度变化.  相似文献