中国南天山西部冲断褶皱系前缘区的运动学特征   总被引：17，自引：0，他引：17  

肖安成  贾承造  杨树锋  陈汉林  魏国齐  张春生 《沉积学报》2000,18(3):439-444

南天山冲断褶皱系是中-上新世以来形成的以薄皮滑脱为主的冲断构造,冲断作用导致了盆地内及周缘区古-新生界的碎屑岩和碳酸盐岩地层发主形变。本文对该冲断系前缘区 (巴音库鲁提北部至喀什地区 )的运动学特征进行了研究。南天山冲断褶皱系从平面上分出了六个冲断褶皱带。从剖面上划分出两种不同的冲断体系。冲断系的前锋为盲冲结构的构造三角带。冲断作用导致前锋区中新世以来层系变形、抬升并出露地表,本区有两个区域性的主滑脱面,冲断作用及断层相关褶皱的形成是冲断层沿主滑脱面向前陆方向逐渐推进的结果。同时发育的次级冲断层导致冲断褶皱带的复杂化。文章同时指出,南天山冲断褶皱系的冲断扩展顺序为逆序。这与塔里木盆地南缘西昆仑山前冲断带的活动方式相反,暗示着南天山构造带的运动学特征是独特的。利用平衡地质剖面的方法,在综合地质和地球物理资料的基础上,作出本区的构造横剖面图并进行了平衡恢复,从而得出南天山冲断褶皱系前缘区上新世以来的南北缩短率为30 %,缩短量为 5 0km,缩短速率为 9- 10mm/a。  相似文献   

地图数据库建立和应用过程中生僻汉字的处理   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

阚映红 《测绘学院学报》2000,17(1):42-45

就 1∶2 5万地图数据库建立和应用过程中所遇到的生僻汉字问题进行了深入和广泛的研究 ,解决了数字地图生产和应用中多年未能解决的难题 ,实现了计算机环境下对地图上生僻汉字的存储、检索和显示 ,极大地方便了实际应用  相似文献   

一种亟待重新认识的铜矿床——滇中土状铜矿   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

李志群  任治Ji 《地质与勘探》2000,36(3):11-14

滇中土铜矿长期被认为是一种不可利用的铜矿床,新的湿法冶金技术应用使之成为了效益型铜资源。滇中土状铜矿产于中元古界昆阳群落雪组的土状风化壳内,分为面型和线型两种矿床类型。主要铜矿物为孔雀石、硅孔雀石、微粒状赤铜矿和黑铜矿、少量残余含铜硫化物。其矿石平均品位同于原生硫化矿。与原生矿石相比,土状氧化铜矿石ＳｉＯ２、Ａｌ２Ｏ３、Ｆｗ２Ｏ３、Ｍｎｏ明显富集,ＣａＯ与ＭｇＯ大量淋失,由碱性矿石变成了可酸浸的非  相似文献   

秦岭黄淮平原交界带自然地理特征     

马建华  李剑  千怀遂 《地理学报(英文版)》2004,14(4):437-446

The features of physical geography in the transitional region between Qinling Mountains and Huanghuai Plain possess transitional characters evidently in two directions： one is from the western mountain to the eastern plain and the other is from southern subtropical zone to northern temperate zone. Torrential rain, especially strong torrential rain is frequent in the transitional region, and there are many torrential rain centers. A majority of torrential rain is distributed among 100-200 m asl. The winter temperature at 100-400 m asl is higher than that in Huanghuai Plain whose altitude is lower than that of the transitional region, and the highest temperature in January appears at 350-400 m asl.The thickness of warm slope belt in the transitional region varies from 100 m to 250 m asl. The formation of torrential rain and warm slope belt is the result of joint action of atmospheric circulation and local terrain. Frequent torrential rains and warm slope belt had tremendous influences on the soil properties, plant distribution and local climate in the transitional region.  相似文献   

额济纳三角洲土壤盐分特征分析   总被引：17，自引：6，他引：11  

张小由  龚家栋  周茂先 《中国沙漠》2004,24(4):442-447

根据42个土壤剖面, 225个土壤样品, 58个水样的分析结果, 讨论了额济纳三角洲地区土壤的基本特征, 并研究了土壤盐分分布规律以及与地形地貌部位、地下水水化学的关系。结果表明: 额济纳三角洲地区的土壤具有质地粗、含盐量高, 盐分表聚性强的特征; 在所有剖面上盐分的分布呈现漏斗型分布, 土壤中盐分随地形变化较为复杂, 但与地下水化学类型一致。  相似文献   

卸荷状态下岩爆岩石变形破裂机制的实验岩石力学研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

徐林生  王兰生  李天斌 《山地学报》2000,18(Z1):102-107

岩爆是高地应力区地下工程中常见的一种卸荷破坏地质灾害现象。本文按照地下洞室开挖过程中围岩的实际受力状态,采用卸荷三轴试验方法,探讨了岩爆岩石的变形破坏特征和岩爆形成力学机制问题。  相似文献   

Interaction of ocean waves with floating and submerged horizontal flexible structures in three-dimensions     

《Applied Ocean Research》2019

A three-dimensional general mathematical hydroelastic model dealing with the problem of wave interaction with a floating and a submerged flexible structure is developed based on small amplitude wave theory and linear structural response. The horizontal floating and submerged flexible structures are modelled with a thin plate theory. The linearized long wave equations based on shallow water approximations are derived and results are compared. Three-dimensional Green’s functions are derived using fundamental source potentials in water of finite and infinite depths. The expansion formulae associated with orthogonal mode-coupling relations are derived based on the application of Fourier transform in finite and infinite depths in case of finite width in three-dimensions. The usefulness of the expansion formula is demonstrated by analysing a physical problem of surface gravity wave interaction with a moored finite floating elastic plate in the presence of a finite submerged flexible membrane in three-dimensions. The numerical accuracy of the method is demonstrated by computing the complex values of reflected wave amplitudes for different modes of oscillation and mooring stiffness. Further, the effect of compressive force and modes of oscillations on a free oscillation hydroelastic waves in a closed channel of finite width and length for floating and submerged elastic plate system is analysed.  相似文献   

Conserved quantities and the inverse problem of reflection seismology     

Ian Lerche 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1990,132(3):583-597

We show that the time-dependent wave equation in both one and two spatial dimensions possesses quantities which are globally conserved. We show how these conserved quantities can be used to determine the characteristic impedance, the rock density and the elastic constant of the rock. We also demonstrate that the conserved quantities possess the capability of determining and/or bracketing the unknown component of the direct pressure response, which is required to begin downward continuation algorithms. Further, we demonstrate that the conserved quantities are always available irrespective of the source structure in time. Numerical instability, arising if the filtering due to the source structure is too harsh, can then be controlled to a degree by demanding that the conserved quantities be indeed conserved.  相似文献   

New insights into the crustal structure of the North German Basin from reprocessing of seismic reflection data using the Common Reflection Surface stack   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Mi-Kyung Yoon  Mikhail Baykulov  Stefan Dümmong  Heinz-Jürgen Brink  Dirk Gajewski 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》2008,97(5):887-898

The influence of deep crustal processes on basin formation and evolution and its relation to current morphology is not well understood yet. A key feature to unravel these issues is a detailed seismic image of the crust. A part of the data recorded by the hydrocarbon industry in the late 1970s and 1980s in the North German Basin were released to the public recently. The seismic reflection data were recorded down to 15 s two-way travel time. The mean Common Midpoint fold of about 20 is relatively low compared to contemporary seismic acquisitions. The processing of the 1980s focussed on the sedimentary structures to explore the hydrocarbon potential of this area. We applied the Common Reflection Surface stack technique to the data sets, which is well suited for low-fold data. The reprocessing was focussed on the imaging of the subsedimentary crustal range. The reprocessed images show enhanced reflections, especially in the mid and lower crustal part. Also, the image of the salt structures in the graben area was improved. Furthermore, the reprocessed images indicate an almost flat Moho topography in the area of the Glückstadt Graben and an additional lower crustal structure, which can be correlated with a high-density body found in recent gravity modeling studies.  相似文献   

新疆地学断面深地震反射剖面揭示的西昆仑—塔里木结合带岩石圈细结构   总被引：25，自引：4，他引：25       下载免费PDF全文

高锐  肖序常  刘训  管烨  李秋生  卢德源  李朋武 《地球学报》2001,22(6):547-552

横过西昆仑－塔里木结合地带的深地震反射剖面，首次揭露出新疆地学断面南部山盆结合部位地壳与上地幔顶部的精细结构，发现了塔里木岩石圈下部南倾，西昆仑山岩石圈下部北倾的强反射特征，它们相向倾斜，相互交织，构成了塔里木岩石圈挤入到西昆仑北带之下，与青藏高原西北缘岩石圈相碰撞的地震证据。深地震反射剖面还揭示出西昆仑山与塔里木盆地在岩石圈尺度呈“V”型的盆山耦合关系，这种“V”型的耦合关系代表了陆内陆－陆碰撞变形过程的一种样式。  相似文献