EFG法在土体固结中的应用   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

张延军  唐红兵 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2002,32(1):77-80

EFGM作为一种新的数值计算方法，具有只需节点信息而无段单元的特性，故在解固结方程方面有很大的优势。在计算分析中，此法容易构造固结方程的EFGM刚度矩阵和处理不同边界条件。对单面排水等条件的计算结果表明，EFGM在解决固结变形问题上，精度较高，处理边界准确。  相似文献   

Method of Data Reduction and Uncertainty Estimation for Platinum-Group Element Data Using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

James C. Ely  Clive R. Neal 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2002,26(1):31-39

A data reduction method is described for determining platinum-group element (PGE) abundances by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) using external calibration or the method of standard addition. Gravimetric measurement of volumes, the analysis of reference materials and the use of procedural blanks were all used to minimise systematic errors. Internal standards were used to correct for instrument drift. A linear least squares regression model was used to calculate concentrations from drift-corrected counts per second (cps). Furthermore, mathematical manipulations also contribute to the uncertainty estimates of a procedure. Typical uncertainty estimate calculations for ICP-MS data manipulations involve: (1) Carrying standard deviations from the raw cps through the data reduction or (2) calculating a standard deviation from multiple final concentration calculations. It is demonstrated that method 2 may underestimate the uncertainty estimate of the calculated data. Methods 1 and 2 do not typically include an uncertainty estimate component from a regression model. As such models contribute to the uncertainty estimates affecting the calculated data, an uncertainty estimate component from the regression must be included in any final error calculations. Confidence intervals are used to account for uncertainty estimates from the regression model. These confidence intervals are simpler to calculate than uncertainty estimates from method 1, for example. The data reduction and uncertainty estimation method described here addresses problems of reporting PGE data from an article in the literature and addresses both precision and accuracy. The method can be applied to any analytical technique where drift corrections or regression models are used.  相似文献   

Application of Dangerous Probability Function in Risk Estimation of Surface Rupture Earthquake：Taking the Lingwu Fault in Ningxi1 Region as on Example     

Chai Chizhang  Zhang Wenxiao  Liao Yuhu  Xu Wenjun  Shen Xuhui  Tian Qinjian  Wei Kaibo  Chen Zhengwei 《中国地震研究》2002,16(1):60-70

Based on the fitting on paleoearthquake data of intra-plate regions in the northern part of Chi-na and giving a statistical model of time interdependence,the potential damage earthquakes in a definite future period and characteristics of present shocks along the Lingwu fault have been analyzed by using dangerous probability function and some new data concerned.We have in-ferred that the fault has entered a period that earthquakes will probably occur.There exists a potential danger that a strong earthquake with Ms7.0-7.5 will occur in 10-100a.  相似文献   

Imposing Age and Spatial Structures on Inadequate Migration‐Flow Datasets*     

Andrei Rogers  Frans Willekens  James Raymer 《The Professional geographer》2003,55(1):56-68

With the elimination of the long‐form questionnaire from future decennial censuses and its replacement by a much smaller continuous monthly sampling survey (the American Community Survey), students of territorial mobility may find it necessary to deal with inadequate, missing, or inaccurate sample data on migration by adopting an approach that “improves” such data using information from different geographical areas, time periods, and data sources. We develop such an approach in this article and illustrate it with interregional migration flow data reported by the U.S. decennial censuses of 1980 and 1990 and by the 1985 Current Population Survey.  相似文献   

扁铲侧胀试验判别液化的研究和实践   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

陈国民  李隽毅  汤智青 《上海国土资源》2003,(1):20-24

通过对扁铲侧胀试验判别液化的研究和实践，提出了在上海地区采用扁铲侧胀试验判别液化的公式，扁铲侧胀试验判别液化与标准贯入和静力触探试验判别液化的方法对比，具有相对较好的结果，是一种有前途的液化判别方法。  相似文献   

改进的最小二乘法在水文分析计算中的应用     

王淑英  高永胜 《水文》2003,23(5):5-9

在水分析计算中，经常涉及到变量之间的线性或非线性拟合，而在拟合各种特性曲线时，通常应用以实测资料与拟合曲线间的误差平方和最小作为目标函数的方法——最小二乘法，但这种方法忽视了所有实测点应与拟合曲线间的相对误差尽量不超过某一百分比的原则，为了达到上述要求，提出了非线性的加权最小二乘法及线性相关方程的最小距离平方和法，探讨改进了传统的最小二乘法达到优化的效果。最小距离平方和法与常用的图解法相比，本法所得成果较为客观；与传统的单方向(x或y方向)最小二乘回归法相比，所求线性方程不会因坐标系的选取而改变。最后应用算例进行了初步讨论。  相似文献   

两种方法在地下水位估值中的应用   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

李金荣  杨振放  李云峰  李金玲 《水文地质工程地质》2003,30(3):42-46

对于许多区域水资源问题,用数值方法进行潜水水流模拟时,需要给出每个节点上地下水位值。本文首先简单介绍了趋势面方法,然后着重阐述了泛克里格方法的基本原理及它们在地下水位估值中的应用,通过比较两种方法的计算结果可以得出泛克里格方法是进行地下水位估值的空间最优估计方法。  相似文献   

软土大变形固结计算中参数识别的遗传算法     

吴振君  施斌  亓军强 《水文地质工程地质》2003,30(4):35-38

含水量很高的饱和软土在外荷载作用下沉降很大,小变形分析误差太大,必须通过大变形非线性固结计算来模拟。遗传算法是一种全局优化和搜索的仿生算法。近年来随着工程领域中复杂的大规模非线性系统的出现,遗传算法日益得到青睐,目前已经广泛应用到各个领域中。本文对遗传算法做了改进,主要体现在杂交算子的选取和轮盘赌模型的模拟退火拉伸,并将其用于饱和软土的大变形固结分析,解决其中的关键参数识别问题。研究表明该方法是行之有效的,值得进一步研究探索。  相似文献   

Evaluating foundation mass,damping and stiffness by the least‐squares method     

S. H. Ju 《地震工程与结构动力学》2003,32(9):1431-1442

This paper discusses how to use the three‐dimensional (3D) time‐domain finite‐element method incorporating the least‐squares method to calculate the equivalent foundation mass, damping and stiffness matrices. Numerical simulations indicate that the accuracy of these equivalent matrices is acceptable when the applied harmonic force of 1+sine is used. Moreover, the accuracy of the least‐squares method using the 1+sine force is not sensitive to the first time step for inclusion of data. Since the finite‐element method can model problems flexibly, the equivalent mass, damping and stiffness matrices of very complicated soil profiles and foundations can be established without difficulty using this least‐squares method. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

观测有效性的度量方法   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4  

卢秀山  宁津生  冯尊德  郭英 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2003,28(2):144-148

基于Hilbert空间理论 ,通过对观测方程的系数阵实施格拉姆_施密特 (Gram_Schmidt,G_S)正交化过程 ,分析观测的两个特性 ,从一个新的角度论证了参数估计的必要观测问题 ,以及多余观测与必要观测的关系 ;用欧氏范数‖·‖2 和Frobenius‖·‖ F 范数作为基本度量工具对观测提供参数估计的信息量进行度量分析 ,研究观测的有效性和参数估计的可靠性。采用观测空间分析方法研究了测绘学科中必要观测、多余观测等基本概念 ;提出了观测信息量、观测有效性的概念和相应的度量方法 ;从观测的空间结构出发分析参数估计系统的可靠性 ,从一个侧面扩展和丰富了测绘学中的可靠性理论 ;丰富了研究测绘学中一些基本问题的分析方法 ,也为信息学中的数据挖掘问题提供了一种分析思路  相似文献