由微振动记录用剥层法研究浅层S波速度结构     

何海兵  李清河  范小平 《地震学刊》2010,(1):103-108

根据江苏华电句容发电一期2×1000 MW发电机组场地情况,布设了三角形嵌套和同心圆台阵进行微振动观测,采用空间自相关法计算频散曲线,并用剥层法反演得到该工程场地浅部的S波速度结构。反演结果与钻孔探测结果吻合较好,表明用微振动台阵记录反演浅部地壳S波速度结构在工程上是可行的。该方法具有不需要人工源,对避开噪声要求不苛刻、成本低且精度可满足工程要求等优点,故有良好的应用前景。  相似文献   

A modified normalized input-output minimization （Mod-NIOM） method for seismic wave propagation modeling     

Santa Man Shrestha  Hideji Kawakami  Eric Augustus Tingatinga  Hidenori Mogi 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2010,9(4):481-491

A new method for wave propagation modeling is introduced in this paper. By using the constraint optimization (Lagrange multiplier) method, the sum of weighted squared Fourier amplitudes is minimized when subjected to a constraint. The sum of the maximum amplitudes obtained from all output models is normalized to unity and is taken as a constraint. In this method, all the actual time histories are considered as outputs and dealt with equally. Independently of the combinations of time histories (or the first ...  相似文献   

龙门山断裂活动和川西高原隆升历史的裂变径迹测年   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

杨农  张岳桥 《地质力学学报》2010,16(4):359-371

通过12个构造岩、变质砂岩和花岗岩样品的磷灰石裂变径迹测年年龄分析, 结合前人研究成果, 初步确定了青藏高原东缘龙门山地区晚新生代主要断裂活动时期和区域隆升历史。结果表明, 龙门山逆冲推覆构造带2条主断裂:汶川-茂县断裂和映秀-北川断裂, 最晚一次强烈活动发生在早更新世(FT年龄为1.2~ 1.3 Ma), 高原内部北西向米亚罗断裂在中更新世(约0.5 Ma)发生过强烈活动; 后龙门山逆冲推覆构造带在中新世晚期开始快速隆升, 而高原内部强烈隆升发生在上新世末至中更新世。高原隆升导致深切河谷地貌的形成和发育。   相似文献   

Late Mesozoic-Cenozoic Exhumation of the Northern Hexi Corridor: Constrained by Apatite Fission Track Ages of the Longshoushan     

ZHANG Beihang  ZHANG Jin  WANG Yannan  ZHAO Heng  LI Yanfeng 《《地质学报》英文版》2017,91(5):1624-1643

The apatite fission track (AFT) ages and thermal modeling of the Longshoushan and deformation along the northern Hexi Corridor on the northern side of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau show that the Longshoushan along the northern corridor had experienced important multi-stage exhumations during the Late Mesozoic and Cenozoic. The AFT ages of 7 samples range from 31.9 Ma to 111.8 Ma. Thermal modeling of the AFT ages of the samples shows that the Longshoushan experienced significant exhumation during the Late Cretaceous to the Early Cenozoic (~130–25 Ma). The Late Cretaceous exhumation of the Longshoushan may have resulted from the continuous compression between the Lhasa and Qiangtang blocks and the flat slab subduction of the Neo-Tethys oceanic plate, which affected wide regions across the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. During the Early Cenozoic, the Longshoushan still experienced exhumation, but this process was caused by the Indian-Eurasian collision. Since this time, the Longshoushan was in a stable stage for approximately 20 Ma and experienced erosion. Since ~5 Ma, obvious tectonic deformation occurred along the entire northern Hexi Corridor, which has also been reported from the peripheral regions of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, especially in the Qilianshan and northeastern margin of the plateau. The AFT ages and the Late Cenozoic deformation of the northern Hexi Corridor all indicate that the present northern boundary of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau is situated along the northern Hexi Corridor.  相似文献   

纵横波速度反演在气层识别中的应用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

姜秀娣  魏修成  王健 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2006,36(1):117-122

提出一种部分叠加资料的反演方法。部分叠加资料保留了原有的大量信息,在测井及构造层位的约束下,建立最符合地下实际情况的初始模型。通过非线性最优化理论,采用逐道外推技术,能同时反演出每一个点更准确的纵波和横波速度,进而可以求得纵横波速度比及泊松比,为储层预测和储集层内的流体识别提供丰富的弹性参数信息。  相似文献   

柯克亚剖面新生代晚期沉积物中磷灰石裂变径迹年龄及意义   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

王永  王彦斌  刘训  肖序常  王军  张招崇 《新疆地质》2002,20(Z1):43-46

西昆仑山前柯克亚剖面厚度约7 000 m,通过对该剖面4个样品的磷灰石裂变径迹特征进行的详细分析,按地层厚度计算,样品埋深应为3 000~5 000 m,按古地温梯度计算埋深温度至少为60℃,进入磷灰石裂变径迹的退火带温度.分析结果表明样品并未发生典型的退火过程,退火程度较弱.径迹长度的双峰态分布显示,样品曾经历部分退火带,形成短径迹,后期经抬升后,古地温低于60℃,长径迹形成.剖面上部厚层砾岩中样品磷灰石裂变径迹年龄的分散性反映碎屑来源较复杂,埋藏受热时间较短,代表碎屑是经快速堆积的产物,与沉积记录反映的磨拉石成因与形成时代相一致.  相似文献   

天然气水合物地震响应研究——中国南海HD152测线应用实例   总被引：24，自引：13，他引：11  

刘学伟  李敏锋  张聿文  张光学  吴能友  黄永样  王宏斌 《现代地质》2005,19(1):33-38

目前识别水合物的主要依据是BSR和其上具有高速特征的空白带。当BSR不存在, 或由于水合物饱和度较高导致空白带特征不明显时, 水合物的识别是未解决的问题。针对这种情况, 提出了一种更实用的水合物识别模式: 低速背景中近似平行于海底的高速地质体是水合物带的特征, 水合物带泊松比降低, 利用纵横波速度信息易于识别水合物带下是否存在游离气。基于上述水合物的识别模式, 以中国南海HD152测线为实例进行了天然气水合物的识别研究。  相似文献   

Comparison of Ray Methods with the Exact Solution in the 1-D Anisotropic “Simplified Twisted Crystal” Model     

Bulant  P.  Klimeš  L.  Pšenčík  I.  Vavryčuk  V. 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》2004,48(4):675-688

The exact analytical solution for the plane S-wave, propagating along the axis of spirality in the simple 1-D anisotropic simplified twisted crystal model, is compared with four different approximate ray-theory solutions. The four different ray methods are (a) the coupling ray theory, (b) the coupling ray theory with the quasi-isotropic perturbation of travel times, (c) the anisotropic ray theory, (d) the isotropic ray theory. The comparison is carried out numerically, by evaluating both the exact analytical solution and the analytical solutions of the equations of the four ray methods. The comparison simultaneously demonstrates the limits of applicability of the isotropic and anisotropic ray theories, and the superior accuracy of the coupling ray theory over a broad frequency range. The comparison also shows the possible inaccuracy due to the quasi-isotropic perturbation of travel times in the equations of the coupling ray theory. The coupling ray theory thus should definitely be preferred to the isotropic and anisotropic ray theories, but the quasi-isotropic perturbation of travel times should be avoided. Although the simplified twisted crystal model is designed for testing purposes and has no direct relation to geological structures, the wave-propagation phenomena important in the comparison are similar to those in the models of the geological structures.In additional numerical tests, the exact analytical solution is numerically compared with the finite-difference numerical results, and the analytical solutions of the equations of different ray methods are compared with the corresponding numerical results of 3-D ray-tracing programs developed by the authors of the paper.  相似文献   

Crust–upper mantle seismic velocity structure across Southeastern China     

Zhongjie Zhang  Jos Badal  Yinkang Li  Yun Chen  Liqiang Yang  Jiwen Teng 《Tectonophysics》2005,395(1-2):137-157

One in-line wide-angle seismic profile was conducted in 1990 in the course of the Southeastern China Continental Dynamics project aimed at the study of the contact between the Cathaysia block and the Yangtze block. This 380-km-long profile extended in NW–SE direction from Tunxi, Anhui Province, to Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province. Five in-line shots were fired and recorded at seismic stations with spacing of about 3 km along the recording line. We have used two-dimensional ray tracing to model P- and S-wave arrivals and provide constraints on the velocity structure of the upper crust, middle crust, lower crust, Moho discontinuity, and the top part of the lithospheric mantle. P-wave velocity, S-wave velocity and V_P/V_S ratio are mapped. The crust is 36-km thick on average, albeit it gradually thins from the northwest end to the southeast end (offshore) of the profile. The average crustal velocity is 6.26 km/s for P-waves but 3.6 km/s for S-waves. A relatively narrow low-velocity layer of about 4 km of thickness, with P- and S-wave velocities of 6.2 km/s and 3.5 km/s, respectively, marks the bottom of the middle crust at a depth of 23-km northwest and 17-km southeast. At the crust–mantle transition, the P- and S-wave velocity change quickly from 7.4 to 7.8 km/s (northwest) and 8.0 to 8.2 km/s (southeast) and from 3.9 to 4.2 km/s (northwest) and 3.9 to 4.5 km/s (southeast), respectively. This result implies a lateral contrast in the upper mantle velocity along the 140 km sampled by the profile approximately. The average V_P/V_S ratio ranges from 1.68–1.8 for the upper crust to 1.75 for the middle and 1.75–1.85 for lower crust. With the interpretation of the wide-angle seismic data, Jiangshan–Shaoxin fault is considered as the boundary between the Yangtze and the Cathaysia block.  相似文献   

Crustal and upper mantle S-wave velocity structure beneath the Bransfield Strait (West Antarctica) from regional surface wave tomography   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

A. Vuan  S.D. Robertson Maurice  D.A. Wiens  G.F. Panza   《Tectonophysics》2005,397(3-4):241-259

Regional surface wave tomography in the sub-Antarctic Scotia Sea is helpful in revealing the nature of the crust and the S-wave seismic velocity profile beneath the Bransfield Strait. The joint use of our regional network, global seismographic network stations and local temporary arrays provide better lateral resolution than that obtained in our previous studies concerning the Scotia Sea region.Tomographic analysis of data obtained using 10 broad band seismic stations and more than 300 regional events, shows that the Bransfield Basin is characterised by a strong group velocity reduction of 8% with respect to the surrounding areas, in the period range from 15 s to 50 s.The crustal and upper mantle models of the eastern, central and western Bransfield Basin are obtained by joint inversion of Rayleigh and Love local dispersion curves from 15 s to 50 s. In addition our data set is expanded to a broader period interval (1–80 s), in central Bransfield Strait in order to better constrain the upper mantle and shallow crust.The main results can be summarized as follows: (a) the crust thins distinctly from W toward E; the variation is consistent with the type of volcanism, earthquake distribution and bathymetric observations, (b) low upper mantle velocities (soft lid) extend down to depths exceeding 70 km as a consequence of elevated temperatures, (c) the crust beneath the central Bransfield Basin displays continental characteristics with a gradually increasing S-wave velocity distribution versus depth analogous to the East African Rift structure of Kenya, (d) negative velocity gradients are present in the lower crust beneath the eastern Bransfield Basin; these could be interpreted as magmatic bodies originating from decompression melting of the mantle.  相似文献