北京野鸭湖湿地自然保护区冬季鸟类生境选择研究   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

高德  张静  洪剑明  张有强  陈卫 《湿地科学》2009,7(2):162-168

于2007年10月至2008年3月对北京野鸭湖湿地自然保护区进行了鸟类多样性调查,共记录到鸟类69种,隶属13目24科45属.优势种鸟类9种,常见种8种,稀有种52种,与湿地关系密切的游禽和涉禽占优势地位.利用高分辨率遥感图像,在"3S"技术的支持下,确定鸟类分布的模拟样方,以调查鸟类生境,共调查了16个可能影响保护区冬季鸟类栖息地分布的变量.通过独立两样本t检验与卡方检验的方法筛选出其中的10个主要变量,最后采用主成分分析的方法确定了5个影响鸟类生境选择的主要成分.结果表明,鸟类生境选择角度具有多向性的特点,景观因子、干扰因子和水因子是主要的影响因子.由于冰的隔离作用成为冬季鸟类自我保护的主要方式,水域的宽阔性对于冬季鸟类的生境选择具有重要意义.建议在对野鸭湖湿地自然保护区冬季鸟类采取保护措施时,必须重视水环境的恢复、各种人为干扰的消除以及系统保护的加强.  相似文献   

杭州市湿地保护与管理模式   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王同新 《湿地科学与管理》2009,5(1)

杭州是著名的旅游城市,湿地保护对杭州建设国际旅游城市和东方休闲之都具有十分重要的意义。根据杭州市湿地资源的特点,从湿地保护工程、湿地管理和能力保障等方面提出了"643"保护与管理模式,较好地处理了保护与发展的关系,将湿地保护与管理融入地方经济建设之中,实现了在湿地资源得到良好保护的前提下,为建设杭州国际旅游城市和区域经济的可持续发展服务的战略目标。  相似文献   

湿地恢复的技术与方法研究   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

张明祥  刘国强  唐小平 《湿地科学与管理》2009,5(3):12-15

从湿地恢复的基本概念和应遵循的原则入手,阐述了湿地恢复的两种模式,即被动恢复模式和主动恢复模式。从确定湿地恢复的目标、明确恢复区域、制定恢复方案、监测恢复活动、评价是否成功、恢复的长期管理等方面阐述了湿地恢复的流程。最后从土壤基质的恢复、植被恢复、栖息地保护与生境改善、湿地生态水管理、富营养化治理、有害生物防控、火生态控制等方面介绍了常见的湿地恢复措施。  相似文献   

基于PSR模型的新疆艾比湖湿地生态系统健康评价指标体系研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

白祥  金海龙  任建丽  高翔  陈丽华  吴加清 《湿地科学与管理》2009,5(3):16-20

在对湿地生态系统健康评价研究现状简要梳理的基础上,针对干旱区湖泊湿地生态系统健康评价研究较为薄弱的现状,选取新疆艾比湖湿地为研究靶区,运用压力—状态—响应(PSR)分析模型,结合层次分析的思想,尝试给出了针对研究靶区的生态系统健康评价指标体系。体系分为3个项目层,7个因素层,共35个指标,并给出了每一个指标的量化标准。指标体系较全面地涵盖了生物物理指标、生态学指标和社会经济指标等3大类指标。  相似文献   

湿地水环境安全及其评价指标体系研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李晓华 《湿地科学与管理》2009,5(3):21-24

在提出湿地水环境安全内涵的基础上,构建了湿地水环境安全评价指标体系,重点建立了河流型湿地、湖泊型湿地和库塘型湿地水环境安全评价指标体系。  相似文献   

黑河流域中游湿地水禽资源与保护     

陈刚  周全民  付宗斌 《湿地科学与管理》2009,5(2)

黑河流域中游位于我国候鸟三大迁徙途径西部路线的中段,境内湖泊、沼泽、滩涂星罗棋布,是候鸟在迁徙飞越干旱荒漠、草原的过程中获得丰富食物、水源和得到良好休整的重要驿站,这里水禽资源丰富,共分布有水禽49种,其中国家Ⅰ、Ⅱ级重点保护鸟类8种;列入中澳候鸟保护协定的13种;列入中日候鸟保护协定的32种。必须从保护湿地水禽的生存空间、加强疫源疫病监测、加强基础研究、恢复水禽栖息环境、提高保护能力等方面入手加强水禽资源的保护。  相似文献   

Late Quaternary dynamics of a South African floodplain wetland and the implications for assessing recent human impacts     

S. Tooth  H. Rodnight  T.S. McCarthy  G.A.T. Duller  A.T. Grundling 《Geomorphology》2009,106(3-4):278-291

Knowledge of the long-term geomorphological dynamics of wetlands is limited, so currently there is an inadequate scientific basis for assessing anthropogenically induced changes and for developing conservation, remediation, and/or sustainable management guidelines for these fragile ecosystems. Along the upper Klip River, eastern South Africa, geomorphological and sedimentological investigations, geochronology, and remote sensing have been used to establish the late Quaternary dynamics of some internationally important floodplain wetlands, thus providing a reference condition against which to assess the extent of recent human impacts. Optically stimulated luminescence dating reveals that the wetlands have developed over at least the last 30 ky as a result of slow meander migration (< 0.2 m y^− 1), irregular cutoff events, and infrequent avulsions (approximately one every 3–6 ky) that have occurred autogenically as a natural part of meander-belt development. Following European settlement in the Klip valley (late nineteenth century), however, modifications to local flora and fauna, as well as the initiation of local wetland drainage schemes, have had major impacts. In particular, proliferation of exotic willows and associated debris jams, and the artificial excavation of a 1.2-km-long channel section across the wetlands have initiated an ongoing avulsion that is characterised by failure (gradual abandonment) of the main channel and rapid incision of a headcutting channel. Compared to the pre-settlement condition, little change in lateral migration activity has occurred, but this avulsion provides a clear example of anthropogenically accelerated change, occurring only ~ 1 ky after the last natural avulsion and in a part of the wetlands where avulsions have not occurred previously. Subsequent human interventions have included installing weirs in an attempt to control the resulting erosion and promote reflooding, but ongoing maintenance has been required. In areas that were not glaciated during the Quaternary, many other floodplain wetlands may be of similar antiquity, but the Klip River illustrates their sensitivity to direct and indirect human impacts.  相似文献   

向海湿地不同植被群落下土壤氮素的分布特征   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

白军红  丁秋档  高海峰  王庆改  肖蓉 《地理科学》2009,29(3)

对比分析向海湿地8种植被群落下表层和亚表层土壤氮形态和全氮含量差异,研究不同植被群落下土壤氮素分布特征。结果表明,各植被群落下表层和亚表层土壤全氮主要以有机氮的形态存在;沼柳群落下表层土壤全氮含量最高,三棱群落最低;而香蒲群落下亚表层土壤全氮含量最高,碱蓬群落最低;根系分布较深的植物群落下表层和亚表层土壤氮素一般高于根系分布较浅的植物群落;除辣蓼群落下土壤无机氮以硝态氮为主外,其它各群落下土壤无机氮均以铵态氮为主。相关分析表明,土壤全氮和有机氮含量与土壤有机质含量显著正相关,与土壤pH值呈现显著负相关关系。  相似文献   

盘锦湿地芦苇群落蒸发散模拟研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

于文颖  周广胜  周莉 《气象与环境学报》2006,22(4):47-52

根据2005年盘锦芦苇湿地监测站的小气候梯度监测数据和涡动通量观测数据,结合芦苇生理生态特性观测资料,采用波文比-能量平衡法、Penman-Monteith模型对盘锦湿地芦苇群落蒸发散进行模拟,并与涡动相关系统的实测资料进行比较。结果表明:Penman-Monteith模型更适合芦苇群落蒸发散的模拟,可为芦苇湿地蒸发散的计算提供依据。  相似文献   

The Spatial Variation and Factors Controlling the Concentration of Total Dissolved Iron in Rivers,Sanjiang Plain     

LiXia Wang  BaiXing Yan  XiaoFeng Pan  Hui Zhu 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2012,40(7):712-717

The rivers across Sanjiang Plain are an important path in transferring total dissolved iron (TDFe) into Okhotsk Sea. Distribution of TDFe in main rivers (Amur River, Ussuri River, and Songhua River) and marshy rivers (Yalv River, Bielahong River, and Naoli River) of Sanjiang Plain from 2005 to 2008 was investigated. TDFe concentrations ranged from 0.05 to 6.40 mg L^?1 (mean 0.76 mg L^?1) and the TDFe species are in the following order: Colloidal iron > ionic iron > complexed iron. Compared with the main rivers, the marshy rivers showed higher TDFe concentration and dissolved organic carbon concentration (DOC), and lower pH value. TDFe concentrations were influenced by several factors, whereas, the concentration of DOC, , and showed remarkable correlation through Spearman correlation coefficient analysis. The rivers mostly showed high TDFe concentration on May and October when the farm activities frequently occur. After 50 years' cultivation of wetlands, the free iron (Fe²⁺ and Fe³⁺) showed distinct decrease from 195 to 88.2t in Naoli River. Land use change had decreased TDFe output in rivers of Sanjiang Plain because of the changed concentration and component of DOC, which had higher affinity and selectivity with iron.  相似文献