青海东部及邻区强震前地震活动特征参数Wq值的研究     

王培玲  孙丽  杨玉霞 《高原地震》2008,20(2):17-21

利用1980～2007年以来,青海省东部及邻区（34°～40°N,96°～104°E）ML≥2．3级地震资料进行特征参数耽值的空间扫描。结果表明,在该区域内发生的9次6．0级以上地震中有6次震前7—28个月在震中周围出现叻值异常区,并且大部分地震前的异常区存在异常出现一异常区面积扩大一面积收缩一发震的变化过程,为地震的中短期预报提供了判定依据。  相似文献   

探讨地震台站监测环境的保护问题     

王斌  周健  梁雪萍 《高原地震》2008,20(2):57-59

从地震监测环境的概念入手,具体阐述了地震监测环境保护的重要性、保护监测环境面临的困难以及加强地震台站监测环境的保护措施。  相似文献   

地震波预报方法在青海地区的应用     

王培玲  孙丽 《高原地震》2008,20(3):13-16

回顾和总结了地震波方法在青海省地震预报工作中的研究应用情况,提出了影响该方法应用的问题,介绍了利用数字地震波形资料开展研究的优点,同时也介绍了深入开展地震波研究的新方法。  相似文献   

Truncation of the distribution of ground-motion residuals   总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1  

Fleur O. Strasser  Julian J. Bommer  Norman A. Abrahamson 《Journal of Seismology》2008,12(1):79-105

Recent studies to assess very long-term seismic hazard in the USA and in Europe have highlighted the importance of the upper tail of the ground-motion distribution at the very low annual frequencies of exceedance required by these projects. In particular, the use of an unbounded lognormal distribution to represent the aleatory variability of ground motions leads to very high and potentially unphysical estimates of the expected level of shaking. Current practice in seismic hazard analysis consists of truncating the ground-motion distribution at a fixed number (ε _max) of standard deviations (σ). However, there is a general lack of consensus regarding the truncation level to adopt. This paper investigates whether a physical basis for choosing ε _max can be found, by examining records with large positive residuals from the dataset used to derive one of the ground-motion models of the Next Generation Attenuation (NGA) project. In particular, interpretations of the selected records in terms of causative physical mechanisms are reviewed. This leads to the conclusion that even in well-documented cases, it is not possible to establish a robust correlation between specific physical mechanisms and large values of the residuals, and thus obtain direct physical constraints on ε _max. Alternative approaches based on absolute levels of ground motion and numerical simulations are discussed. However, the choice of ε _max is likely to remain a matter of judgment for the foreseeable future, in view of the large epistemic uncertainties associated with these alternatives. Additional issues arise from the coupling between ε _max and σ, which causes the truncation level in terms of absolute ground motion to be dependent on the predictive equation used. Furthermore, the absolute truncation level implied by ε _max will also be affected if σ is reduced significantly. These factors contribute to rendering a truncation scheme based on a single ε _max value impractical.  相似文献   

Effect of coherent noise on single-station direction of arrival estimation     

Stewart Alan Greenhalgh  Bing Zhou  Matthew Rutty 《Journal of Seismology》2008,12(3):377-385

Polarization analysis of multi-component seismic data is used in both exploration seismology and earthquake seismology. In single-station polarization processing, it is generally assumed that any noise present in the window of analysis is incoherent, i.e., does not correlate between components. This assumption is often violated in practice because several overlapping seismic events may be present in the data. The additional arrival(s) to that of interest can be viewed as coherent noise. This paper quantifies the error because of coherent noise interference. We first give a general theoretical analysis of the problem. A simple mathematical wavelet is then used to obtain a closed-form solution to the principal direction estimated for a transient incident signal superposed with a time-shifted, unequal amplitude version of itself, arriving at an arbitrary angle to the first wavelet. The effects of relative amplitude, arrival angle, and the time delay of the two wavelets on directional estimates are investigated. Even for small differences in angle of arrival, there may be significant error (>10°) in the azimuth estimate.  相似文献   

隔震桥梁子结构拟动力实验中加载速率的影响因素研究     

袁涌  熊世树  资道铭  庞军 《震灾防御技术》2008,3(1):37-44

本研究运用DSP高速数字信号处理器的实时信号处理与控制技术,研究了基于速度控制法、OS数值积分法和相应的实验误差控制法的子结构拟动力实验系统。该试验系统对动力加载装置采用速度控制,在加载过程中考虑了加载速率对实验结果的影响,使隔震橡胶支座的速度相关性能在试验中得到充分体现,同时采用OS数值积分法,充分地减少了试验的时滞误差,提高了试验精度。并通过不同加载速率的子结构拟动力实验研究了天然橡胶支座、高阻尼橡胶隔震支座和超高阻尼橡胶隔震支座对桥梁的隔震效果,在对实验结果进行分析对比后,定量地研究了不同的加载速率对隔震桥梁子结构拟动力实验结果的影响。  相似文献   

华中、华南中强地震区地震烈度衰减关系研究   总被引：8，自引：1，他引：7  

王继  俞言祥 《震灾防御技术》2008,3(1):20-26

本文收集了1990-2006年间,我国华中、华南中强地震地区25次地震的烈度分布图,再配合1918-1989年间,9次地震的地震烈度分布图,重新拟合了该地区地震烈度衰减关系。震级下限从5级扩展到3．5级,地震烈度主要增加了Ⅳ度-Ⅵ度之间的样本量。与以往的地震烈度衰减关系相比,在小地震时计算烈度得到了相应的提高。充分反映出我国华中、华南地区地震震级小,而烈度相对高的特点。  相似文献   

微动信号的数据处理与岩土频谱特性分析     

杨博雄  胡新和  陈志高  刘海波  路杰  欧同庚 《岩土力学》2008,29(3):854-858

频谱是微动信号的一个重要动力学参数,微动信号的频谱特性与场地覆盖层厚度和地基土刚度的变化密切相关,既可反映岩土层的类型特征,又能反映工程场地的动力特性。详细探讨了目前较为常用的利用微动信号进行场地动力特性分析的方法,并对这些方法进行了研究和比较。简要介绍了功率谱估计方法,同时,通过实例分析了微动信号的变化规律和场地微动信号的频率响应特性。  相似文献   

基于小波包变换的SAR干涉图去噪研究     

查显杰  傅容珊  戴志阳  刘斌  邵志刚  薛霆虓 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2008,38(3):489-494

基于SAR复干涉图中噪声满足加性噪声模型,提出对复干涉图实部和虚部分别应用小波包软阈值方法的去噪方案。以Daubeachies小波为小波包基函数,对添加了噪声的模拟SAR干涉图进行去噪实验,发现三级小波包分解的去噪效果明显优于一级和二级分解。并进一步对实际的含噪干涉图进行了去噪实验,与小波包软阈值方法直接对干涉图去噪的结果进行了比较。实验结果证实了本文方案的有效性。  相似文献   

测井声波时差反演重构技术研究及应用   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

宋维琪  陈伟 《地震地质》2009,31(1):133-140

利用测井声波时差、自然电位和伽玛重构声波时差,分析了以上3种曲线结果对地质体响应方面的机制差异,给出了这些曲线的深度相对移动校正的方法。研究了多条测井曲线去噪的协方差矩阵特征向量滤波方法。在此基础上,利用小波多尺度分解技术进行声波时差曲线重构。在分析这3种测井曲线不同尺度小波分解结果的信号和噪音特点后,利用相邻分解尺度相关滤波技术,对各种曲线的小尺度(高频)分解结果进行滤波处理。为保证重构声波曲线的真实性,深入分析了多曲线、多尺度分解结果的冗余性(相关性)问题;利用特征值技术,对高频多尺度分解分量进行了非相关(正交)分析,最后实现了声波时差曲线的重构,并对重构结果与钻井岩心录井资料进行了对比验证,重构后的声波曲线在区分砂、泥岩性分辨率方面具有明显的提高  相似文献