排序方式： 共有53条查询结果，搜索用时 93 毫秒
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强对流天气形势聚类分析中SOM方法应用 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用2001—2008年5—9月京津冀地区175个气象站危险天气报、灾情报告及NCEP 1°×1°再分析资料,采用自组织特征映射方法（SOM）对该地区5—9月的天气形势进行客观聚类分型,并对各型的环流特征及其主要造成的强对流天气类型进行分析。结果表明：①天气形势主要有4类：以短时强降水为主的暖湿切变型,主要出现在7、8月;以冰雹天气为主伴随短时强降水和雷暴大风的冷涡型,主要出现在6、7月;以雷暴大风为主的西北气流型,主要出现在5月;以雷暴大风和短时强降水为主的西风槽型,主要是出现在6、9月。②暖湿切变型主要特征是低层为暖湿气流和充足的水汽输送、中层为西风气流;冷涡型中高层有较强偏北气流的干冷空气侵入和低层有较好的水汽条件;西北气流型中高层有强烈的干冷空气侵入和强垂直风切变;西风槽型的动力、热力条件都较弱。③西北气流型和冷涡型出现强对流天气的频率最高,达65%以上,暖湿切变型次之,西风槽型最低。 相似文献
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自适应噪声消除器在地电场观测数据处理中的应用 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
在地电场和电阻率同场地观测的台站, 地电场观测必然会受到地电阻率观测人工供电的干扰, 尤其是当地电场观测的采样率提高到1次/s以上时, 这种干扰更是无可避免, 而且不易消除。 该文阐述了应用自适应噪声消除器对受种干扰的地电场观测数据进行处理, 消除观测数据中的干扰噪声, 从而获得地电场真实信号波形。 对实际观测数据的处理结果表明, 采用此方法可以很好的消除秒采样地电场观测数据中地电阻率供电产生的干扰。 这种方法还可用于消除其他观测方法中存在的有规律的干扰。 相似文献
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根据营养盐在多介质海洋环境，包括海水、浮游植物、浮游动物、悬浮颗粒和沉积物中分布动力学模型建立了胶州湾溶解无机氮（DIN）和磷酸盐（PO4-P）自净容量、环境容量和剩余环境容量的计算方法。结果表明，胶州湾营养盐自净容量夏季最大，冬季最小，春秋居中，这主要是海洋中物理、化学和生物自净过程共同作用的结果。胶州湾DIN剩余环境容量和PO4-P剩余环境容量在20世纪70年代末至80年代中期变化较小，相对一级海水水质标准下的环境容量还具有约60％的容纳能力。但自80年代中后期至90年代中后期，营养盐剩余环境容量迅速减小，其中至1997年DIN剩余环境容量已超过1级海水水质标准下环境容量的70％，而自90年代末开始DIN剩余环境容量又有所增加，而PO4-P剩余环境容量减小速度趋缓。胶州湾营养盐环境容量计算不仅可以深入了解海洋各种自净过程对特定海域容纳营养盐能力的作用，而且更为重要的是可以为排海营养盐总量控制方案的制定提供直接、科学和实用的理论基础和技术支撑。 相似文献
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基于大气自忆性观点 ,引进记忆函数 ,可构造一个差分 -积分方程 ;称之为自忆性方程 ;给出了此方程的球谐表达式及其离散计算公式 .以 T42 L9谱模式为动力核 ,建立了一个全球自忆 T42谱模式 (SMT42 ) .用实际资料进行了逐日至 1 5天积分试验计算 ,表明对于 50 0 h Pa中期数值天气预报 ,SMT42比 T42的均方根误差小得多 ,同时 SMT42对距平相关系数也有所提高 ,这为中期数值天气预报提供了一种有潜力的新途径 相似文献
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Wen‐Tzu Lin 《International journal of geographical information science》2013,27(9):995-1012
Monitoring and assessment of landslide hazard is an important task for decision making and policy planning in the landslide area. Massive landslides, caused by the catastrophic Chi‐Chi earthquake in 1999, occurred in Central Taiwan, especially at Chiufenershan area in Nantou county. This study proposed two useful indicators coupled with the Self‐organizing map (SOM) neural network and the Preference Ranking Organization METHod for Enrichment Evaluations (PROMETHEE) technique to quickly extract accurate post‐quake landslides from multi‐temporal Système Probatoire de l'Observation de la Terre (SPOT) images. A GIS‐based system was developed to simplify and integrate the procedures such as image pre‐processing, the SOM training, the PROMETHEE calculation, landslide extraction and accuracy assessment. The evaluated result shows that the landslide area soon after the earthquake is 209.50 ha (Kappa coefficient 96.88%). Over seven years of vegetation recovery, the denudation area has declined to 112.64 ha (Kappa coefficient 90.64%). Most earthquake‐induced landslides could be restored by natural vegetation succession. The developed system is a useful decision‐making tool for landslide area planning. 相似文献
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Quantifying fluvial non linearity and finding self organized criticality? Insights from simulations of river basin evolution 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
A numerical study was undertaken to investigate non linearity and the potential for self-organized criticality (SOC) in the evolution of river basins. Twenty-three simulations were carried out, using the authors' CAESAR landscape evolution model, in which the magnitude of storm events, variability of storm events, sediment heterogeneity, sources of sediment supply, and catchment morphology are systematically varied to evaluate their importance as possible drivers for non linear behavior and SOC.Temporal fluctuations in simulated sediment yield show notable non linear behavior. Storm magnitude and occurrence of landslides appear to have little impact on variability of the sediment yield, when compared to the impacts of sediment heterogeneity, rainfall variability and catchment morphology. Particularly, it appears that the non linearity of sediment yields results from the manner in which the catchment processes the variable rainfall, rather than just the rainfall variability itself.The variations in sediment yield show a power law magnitude–frequency distribution, which is a possible, but inconclusive, indicator of SOC. However, several other, more qualitative arguments can be made to support the case for SOC in these simulations. Specifically, we identify the nature of the critical state and suggest two cascade mechanisms by which the system can organize itself around this critical state. Combined, these arguments indicate that simulated evolution of river basins indeed exhibits SOC, at least with respect to sediment yield. The critical state appears to be an indicator of the connectivity of the drainage network. Thus, the simulations indicate that, unlike traditional SOC systems, the critical state of the system can vary in time, as sudden changes in drainage network connectivity may result in sudden changes in the SOC behavior of the system. 相似文献
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In this paper, we use the standard deviation method and the fixed mass method to study the self-affine fractal and multi-fractal features along two topographic profiles across different tectonic-geomorphic elements in the Tianshan area of Xinjiang region, China. The results show that in the studied scaling range, the two profiles display different scaling fractal features, and the form and value range of multi-fractal spectra Dq also show different characteristics. The study suggests that the landforms are not completely random, but are deterministically random. The fractal dimension values in different scaling ranges express the mode, intensity and spatial dimension of the endogenic and exogenic processes. Meanwhile, a boundary point between the macroscopic and microscopic scales of geomorphic process is suggested to be about 5km. These results are of significance in quantitative study of geomorphic dynamics. 相似文献