天津市及邻区地震烈度衰减关系研究   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

谷国梁  邱虎  王晓蕾  李雅静  赵颖  张晖 《震灾防御技术》2016,11(1):35-43

本研究立足于地震应急领域,选用天津市及邻区34个震例的72条烈度等震线数据,利用最小二乘法拟合得到该地区的地震烈度衰减关系。依据椭圆模型的适用性,将震级上限定为6.5级。考虑到地震应急工作需求和邻区地震对天津辖区造成破坏的可能性,以及辖区内有感地震对社会生产、群众情绪产生的影响,研究将数据限定为天津市周边400km范围内的烈度外包线,震级下限为3.6级。通过与已有衰减关系对比,本研究结果对于5级以下地震应酌情降低烈度值,对于5级以上地震结果更合理。  相似文献   

Identification of dynamic soil properties through shaking table tests on a large saturated sand specimen in a laminar shear box     

《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2016

Many laminar shear boxes have recently been developed into sliding-frame containers that can reproduce 1D ground-response boundary conditions. The measured responses of such large specimens can be utilized to back-calculate soil properties. This study investigates how the boundary effect in large specimens affects the identified soil properties through shaking table tests on a soil-filled large laminar box conducted at the National Center for Research on Earthquake Engineering in Taiwan. The tested soil-box system is unique because only 80% of the container is filled with soil. This system can be regarded as a two-layer system: an empty top and soil-filled bottom. The dynamic properties of this two-layer system are identified through various approaches, including theoretical solutions of wave propagation, free vibration, and nonparametric stress–strain analyzes. Therefore, the coupling effect of the box and soil can be evaluated. Results show that, compared with the two-layer system considering the influence of the box, the conventional approach with a single-layer system slightly underestimates shear wave velocity but obtains the same damping ratio of the soil layer. In addition, the identified modulus reduction and damping curves in the two-layer system are consistent with those obtained in a laboratory test on a small specimen. Furthermore, based on detailed acceleration measurements along different depths of soil, a piecewise profile of shear wave velocity is built. The identified shear wave velocity increases with depth, which is not uniform and differs from the constant velocity typically assumed for the specimen.  相似文献   

新疆尼勒克、巩留交界MS6．0地震烈度划分与震害现象     

吴国栋  谭明  唐丽华 《内陆地震》2012,26(3):203-208

2011年11月1日新疆尼勒克县、巩留县交界MS6．0地震发生在由阿吾拉勒山南缘断裂和巩留南断裂控制的巩乃斯谷地内部,地震造成了巩留县、尼勒克县的部分民居及生命线工程出现了不同程度的损坏。根据灾害调查结果,圈定了地震烈度分布图,极震区烈度为Ⅶ度,宏观震中位于巩留县牛场以北。  相似文献   

Impact and cyclic shaking on loose sand properties in laminar box using gap sensors     

《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2014

This paper focuses on using high-frequency GAP-SENSORs (GSs), accelerometers, and load cells in a laminar shear box (LSB) filled with loose Toyoura sand to understand the effects of impact loads and cyclic shaking at 1-G on soil properties. The shear wave velocity at small strain (V_s) was calculated directly from first arrival reference using displacement time-history of two GSs under impact loading. Moreover, from first peak using the reduced deformation amplitude technique, damping ratio was calculated. In addition, shaking table tests were performed under harmonic loading with amplitude of acceleration inside the model ground varying from 0.02 g to 1 g. The frequencies of excitation varied from 1 Hz to 10 Hz. GSs and inside accelerometers were used to directly measure the outside lateral deformation and shear stress at different elevations of LSB, respectively. Results show that the shear modulus (G) and the damping ratio (D) behavior of model sand are generally consistent with the behavior presented by similar tests using only accelerometers. In addition, damping ratio increases as frequency loading increases. Characteristic changes in two shear stress components in shaking loading conditions were also investigated using high precision inside load cells.  相似文献   

九江-瑞昌5.7级地震烈度调查研究     

曾新福  汤兰荣  卢福水  江春亮  毛华 《华南地震》2014,(1):52-57

九江-瑞昌5.7级地震作为一个中强地震,其造成的损失和极震区面积之大确实罕见,为一典型的小震大灾现象。本文利用大量现场第一手资料,并从场地条件、地形地貌与地震烈度分布特征之间的关系进行分析,为这次等震线的划分提供了科学合理的依据。  相似文献   

西藏左贡、芒康交界6.1级地震烈度与发震构造分析     

文升梁  张彦琪  尼玛  非明伦  高锦瑞 《震灾防御技术》2014,9(4):950-959

2013年8月12日,西藏自治区左贡、芒康交界发生Ms6.1级地震.本文在对此次地震灾区所有房屋建筑进行现场实地调查的基础上,重点分析了本次地震烈度等震线的分布情况,如形状、面积和范围等.同时,在介绍区域地震构造背景的基础上,根据震区活动构造、地震烈度等震线、地震序列、震源机制解结果等综合分析判定,澜沧江断裂带是左贡、芒康交界Ms6.1级地震的主要发震构造.本文的初步研究成果不仅可以提高认识当地的发震构造条件,而且还有利于指导当地的抗震设防、防灾减灾等工作.  相似文献   

基于照明补偿的单程波最小二乘偏移   总被引：7，自引：6，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

周华敏  陈生昌  任浩然  王汉闯  陈国新 《地球物理学报》2014,57(8):2644-2655

最小二乘偏移是一种基于反射地震数据与地下反射率间线性关系而建立起来的地震数据线性反演方法,相比常规偏移成像具有更好的保幅性能.本文提出了一种基于照明补偿的单程波最小二乘偏移方法,首先利用单程波方程的稳定Born近似广义屏波场传播算子构建反射地震数据与地下反射率间的线性算子,然后再应用线性最优化方法求解最小二乘偏移所对应的线性反问题.在迭代求解最优化问题的过程中,以地震波场的地下照明强度作为迭代反演的预条件算子加快迭代的收敛速度.单程波传播过程中考虑了速度分界面产生的透射效应,并用单极震源代替常规偏移中的偶极震源.把本文提出的方法应用于层状理论模型和Marmosi模型地震数据的数值试验中均取得了理想的结果.  相似文献   

主分量分析在热带气旋强度客观预报中的试用   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

王耀领  胡邦辉  杨玉震  王学忠  徐志春 《气象科学》2010,30(2):179-184

为了解主分量因子分析在热带气旋强度客观预报中的应用效能,在NCEP再分析资料、T106L19模式产品和热带气旋历史观测资料基础上,采用主分量因子分析技术,结合多元线性回归和BP型人工神经网络,开展了西北太平洋热带气旋的强度客观预报技术研究试验。试验包含完全预报法原理下的预报因子有无主分量分析、线性与非线性预报方法建模等方面的比较。结果表明,预报因子的主分量分析通过降低线性回归和BP人工神经网络模型的维数,提高因子间独立性,可减小模型强度预报平均绝对误差,提高模型实际预报能力。  相似文献   

1951—2008年辽宁冰雹的时空分布特征     

刘晓梅  李晶  戴萍  刘明  魏楠  刘凤辉  黄晓萍  郭玉娟 《辽宁气象》2009,(5):24-26

选取1951—2008年辽宁省56个站气象资料和中国气象灾害大典等资料,对冰雹时空分布进行统计分析。结果表明：辽宁冰雹日数以山地为最多,丘陵次之,平原和沿海最少。移动路径基本与山脉、河流、海岸线等地形走向一致。冰雹具有明显的季节变化,主要出现在4—10月。5—6月为冰雹多发期,6月为最多,5月次之。近30 a（1979—2008年）辽宁省年冰雹日数呈减少趋势。冰雹发生主要集中在中午至傍晚。辽西走廊、辽宁中部平原及辽东半岛南部大连地区为冰雹灾害重点防御区。产生冰雹的高空天气系统主要有4种：冷涡、冷涡后部横槽、高空槽和槽后西北气流,对应地面形势多为低压冷锋。  相似文献   

Micro- and macro-observations of liquefaction of saturated sand around buried structures in centrifuge shaking table tests     

《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2015

A novel experimental method was designed to study the micro-behavior of saturated sand around a buried structure in centrifuge shaking table tests under strong simulated earthquake loading, in addition to the traditional macro-measurements. One free field test was first carried out as a reference, followed by one test with a deep buried structure and one with a shallowly buried structure. During the tests with the buried structure, high quality pictures of moving sand around the structure were recorded by a newly developed image acquisition system. By analyzing the interesting pictures at reasonable intervals using an image analysis software, the evolutions of microstructural features were obtained such as the orientations of the long axes of particles, the orientations of contact normals between particles and the average contact number of the interesting group of particles. The results showed that the evolutions of the micro-features were consistent with those of the macro-measurements such as excess pore pressures and accelerations, which help illuminate the mechanism of sand liquefaction.  相似文献