Large-scale shaking table model tests on seismically induced failure of Concrete-Faced Rockfill Dams     

《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2016

An increasing number of high Concrete-Faced Rockfill Dams (CFRDs) have been and are being built in highly seismic hazardous regions. Because there are few examples, the failure mechanisms for each damaged CFRD still remain unclear, which prevents a rational evaluation of aseismic performance of a CFRD. In this paper, a series of large-scale shaking table tests are conducted to determine the dynamic failure modes of CFRDs, especially the failure mechanism of the face slab. A type of model slab material is developed according to similitude rules. Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) is used and improved to track the motion of each grain and subsequently measure the entire velocity field of the deforming cross-sections of dam models. The failure processes of the dams, the failure mechanisms of the slab fractures and the slab dislocations are discussed based on the experimental results. The experiments indicate that large deformations of the uppermost part of the dam caused the face slab to curve upward and crack. Another important fracture morphology of the face slab is the dislocation of its joint. The change in the granular fabric caused the granular slope to slide down and thrust outward, eventually dragging the upper half of the face slab down against its lower half; this motion is accompanied by the formation of a joint dislocation. Therefore, the stability and anti-deformation ability of both the downstream slope and the crest region of the upstream slope should be improved to withstand earthquake. The results of the shaking table model tests are consistent with the numerical simulation, and both results support the prototype dam׳s seismically induced failure characteristics.  相似文献   

辽宁地区震群序列统计特征及预测意义研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

曹凤娟  翟丽娜  殷轶娜  杨牧萍  张慧  张博 《中国地震》2015,31(1):45-55

系统研究了1970年以来辽宁及邻区发生的25次震群活动,总结了辽宁地区震群活动的参数特征,探讨了该地区震群活动与未来中强震的关系。结果表明:1研究区的25次震群中,最大地震优势发生时段在震群出现后3天内的占68%,84%的震群中最大地震与次大地震的震级差≤0.5级,平均为0.35。80%的震群持续活动时间约2个月;2震群中最大地震的震级越大,相应地2、3级地震频次也越多,通常1个4级左右的震群,2级地震频次平均约为28,3级地震平均约为6;3当震群中3、4级地震频次分别≥10和4,同时序列的b值为0.6~0.9,此时可判定震群为前兆震群。未来中强震3要素的判定依据为:发震时间为震群开始后1年内,平均6个月;震中距离震群所在地约0~400km,平均为180km;最大强度为G-R预测的最大地震震级加2.0级。当b0.5时,震群有可能为前震序列,即震群开始后1~20天内原地有发生M≥5地震的危险;425次震群中的80%在震群出现1年后对应了M≥4.6地震,空间上辽宁内陆的震群对辽南和唐山地区的M≥4.6地震有较好的指示,长岛和黑山岛附近海域的震群对渤海海峡及其附近地区的M≥4.6地震有较好的指示。  相似文献   

循环荷载下液化对土层水平往返变形的影响   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

孙锐  袁晓铭  李雨润  曹振中  陈龙伟 《地震工程学报》2009,31(1):8-14

采用多工况振动台实验研究液化对土层水平往返变形的影响.以干砂实验为参照,分析孔压增长与土层加速度和土层往返变形之间的关系.结果表明:液化将引起土表加速度显著降低,减小惯性力传递,但同时会引起土层往返剪应变明显增大.对往返变形而言,液化土层往返剪应变就可达到1%～5%的大变形状态,且液化土层往返剪应变沿深度呈下大上小分布.土层中孔压比0.4～0.8是往返变形出现放大的敏感段,在孔压比0.8左右而不是在1.0达到最大.作为其结果,土层液化将对刚性上部结构振动起减震作用,但同时增大的往返剪应变也易导致基础和地下结构破坏,特别是对液化层与下部非液化层交界处的构件更敏感.  相似文献   

昆明烈度速报台网子台场地分类     

王赟赟  崔建文  黄建华 《地震研究》2009,32(3)

依据昆明烈度速报台网子台场地钻孔资料、等效剪切波速以及地脉动测试结果,对不同强震动台站的场地划分标准作了对比.结合昆明盆地的地质构造特征,对昆明强震动烈度台站的场地类别作了判定.同时指出,对个别判定指标临近划分标准分界线的台站的分类工作还需进一步研究.  相似文献   

A Preliminary Discussion on the Mechanism of Abnormal Intensity Zones of the M5.1 Wen＇an Earthquake in 2006     

Zhang Suling  Zhao Jingyi  Lin Jie 《中国地震研究》2009,23(4):448-457

An earthquake measuring 5.1 on the Richter scale struck Wen'an county,Hebei Province on July 4,2006. No casualties have been reported,with only slight damage. The disaster level of this event is the slightest on the M4.9～5.1 events record tally since the CCDSN (China Center of Digital Seismic Network) was built in 1999. The epicenter intensity of this earthquake was low,while in areas like Beijing,which is 100km far away,abnormal high intensity zones appeared. This article discusses the reasons behind this abnormal phenomenon,with the diagrams of intensity isolines drawn by the intense seismic stations and networks in the capital circle area as references,as well as the seismogenic mechanism in the source,the seismic histories,the geological structures and the ray pathways of seismic waves in areas within 150km around the epicenter. It was concluded that the special dynamic and geological situations were the main causes for the lower intensity degree and slight damage in the epicenter area,but higher intensity in the surrounding areas.  相似文献   

“5·12”汶川8.0级地震汉源烈度异常机理的初步探讨   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

高孟潭  陈学良  俞言祥  雷建成 《震灾防御技术》2008,3(3):216-223

本文通过总结分析汉源烈度异常主要特征,初步分析了导致烈度异常的可能原因。初步研究结果表明,“5·12”汶川8．0级地震震源过程及其能量释放空间分布和场地条件是导致汉源烈度异常的主要因素,同时莫霍界面反射波S11断层破裂带的阻震及激震效应等,也可能是汉源烈度的影响因素。探索汉源烈度异常对总结特大地震烈度分布、震害特征和成灾机理具有重要意义。为此作者提出,应在震害特征总结提炼的基础上,考虑震源机制、地壳介质、场地非线性等因素,对汉源烈度异常区进行全面的数值模拟,进一步确定汉源地震烈度异常的机理。  相似文献   

相邻偏心高层建筑物间的振动台碰撞试验     

王立新  周锦添 《华南地震》2008,28(2):36-46

地震引起的相邻建筑物间的碰撞过去多次强烈地震中出现,并造成了较为严重的结构破坏。为研究此问题,设计建造了两座缩尺钢质模型来模拟香港两座相邻的21层建筑,对其进行了一系列振动台碰撞试验,试验结果表明复杂结构间的碰撞可能是周期性的、群周期性的或混沌的,这主要取决于间距、结构参数以及地震动参数。碰撞引起的能量传递可能对较柔较轻的邻近建筑造成较严重的地震反应和破坏。  相似文献   

1999年山西大同-阳高5.6级地震宏观烈度考察报告     

丁学文  丁有礼  郭星全  郭俊杰  王跃杰 《山西地震》2000,(1):2-6

叙述了对１９９９年１１月１日山西大同－阳高Ｍｓ５．６地震的宏观考察情况,确定了宏观震中的烈度,圈定了Ⅶ度、Ⅵ度、Ⅴ度烈度区的范围。指出极震区呈椭圆形,长轴北西向,长９．６ｋｍ,短轴北东向,长４．２ｋｍ,面积约３２．０ｋｍ＾２。阐述了震前宏观异常现象及震区的地质构造环境,得出了本次地震的发震构造为团保断裂的结论。  相似文献   

岫岩—海城5.1级地震宏观考察及震灾损失评估     

钟以章  廖旭 《东北地震研究》2000,16(2):33-37

继海震５．６级地震以后,于２０００年元月１２日灾海城、岫岩交界处发生了５．１级地震,震中烈度为ＶＩＩ度。本文就这次地震的特点和震灾损失作了阐述,这次地震所造成的损失为２６５１．８４万元。  相似文献   

2000年4月15日青海省杂多县5．3级地震     

张瑞斌  达杰 《高原地震》2000,12(3):50-56

在杂多5．3级地震宏观烈度考察、划分的基础上,分析讨论了区域地震构造背景及发震构造,并对地震序列类型进行了划分。  相似文献