T_max of asphaltenes: a parameter for oil maturity assessment     

M. Nali  G. Caccialanza  C. Ghiselli  M. A. Chiaramonte 《Organic Geochemistry》2000,31(12):431

A new maturity parameter determined on both oil and bitumen samples, the asphaltene T_max, is proposed and discussed. This parameter could be very useful to address the maturity of the source rock. The asphaltene T_max is measured by programmed Rock-Eval pyrolysis, using a modified temperature program. Some phases of the experimental procedure, such as the asphaltene preparation and the Rock-Eval measurement substratum choice, are crucial in order to achieve reliable data. Laboratory simulations were carried out in order to assess the possible effects of both primary and secondary migration on asphaltene T_maxin the expelled oil: the original value of the asphaltene T_max in the bitumen is not substantially modified and it is very close to that measured on kerogen. Examples of the determination of asphaltene T_max on many samples, collected from different areas and with different organic matter composition, are given. Results show that T_max values from oil asphaltenes are reasonable indicators of source rock maturity.  相似文献   

Assessment of generation temperatures of crude oils     

Cs. Sajg 《Organic Geochemistry》2000,31(12)

Biological marker maturity parameters were used to estimate the minimum HC generation temperatures of crude oils from Eastern Hungary. More than 50 oils and oil shows were analysed. Molecular- and homologous-ratios of biological marker compounds (triterpanes, steranes, mono- and triaromatic steroid hydrocarbons) were used as maturation parameters. The oils have at least five maturity stages, i.e. they have been generated under different thermal conditions. The highest reservoir temperature in each group was chosen as the best estimate of the groups' temperature just below the generation temperature, i.e. reservoirs of the group might be expected to be at shallower depths (lower temperatures) than those of the generation zone due to vertical migration into pools. For each maturation level, a threshold temperature range for genesis was inferred from reservoir temperatures; they are from 130–135°C for the least mature oils to 210–215°C for the most mature oils. In the least mature oils cracking was not observed, hence carbon–carbon cracking reactions had not taken place during their genesis. The most mature oils are intensively cracked oils; they are almost condensates. Two major genetic groups (families) of oils were found in the area. Both are present in each maturation level. The effects of migration were checked, and no influence on maturation was found. A number of the oils are in overpressured reservoirs within, or just above, the zone of the present-day active oil generation, hence the present-day temperatures of the pools must have been maximum temperatures. Contrary to the traditionally accepted temperature range for petroleum generation–maturation reactions (50–150°C), there is strong evidence from this study that the onset of oil generation requires temperatures higher than 130°C and is still proceeding above 215°C.  相似文献   

WGMD—1型高密度电阻率测量系统比值参数软件的开发与应用     

汤洪志  易峰 《华东地质学院学报》2000,23(3):242-247

高密度电阻率法测量中的比值视参数是近几年发展起来的高密度电阻率处理与解释参数,它们具有更好的横向、纵向分辨率以及抑制干扰等作用,介绍了适合于ＷＧＭＤ－１型高密度电阻率法测量系统的幽会参数软件的编制及其在工程勘测中的应用实例,实践证明,这是一组质量高,误差小,方便实用的组合参数,可广泛的用于工程勘测中。  相似文献   

Simulation of near source ground motion and its characteristics     

S. Suzuki  K. Asano 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2000,20(1-4)

It is fact that the severe ground motions of shear waves have a strong effect on the dynamic behavior of buildings and civil structures. We simulate near source strong motions of a pure shear wave and synthesize small motions, using the parameters based on the recorded accelerograms at the site that is regarded as a base rock in the Osaka basin, Japan. By making use of a stochastic technique, we can easily introduce higher frequency contents in the motions and apply the technique to the synthesis of small waves regarding as a green function. We also introduce to the analysis the useful relationships among the time duration T_d, the seismic moment M₀, the corner frequency f_c and the high cutoff frequency f_max which were regressed by a simple representation scheme. Considering two active faults that may affect severe damage on buildings and civil structures, we try to predict strong ground motions in Osaka basin and show the characteristics of them.  相似文献   

采油生产设备动力特性试验研究     

刘合  袁国英 《地震工程与工程振动》2000,20(4):154-158

本文通过脉动试验识别了采油生产设备的模态参数。  相似文献   

调质阻尼器地震反应控制应用研究   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

胡晓锋  胡世德 《地震工程与工程振动》2000,20(2):112-116

本文在结构地震反应时程分析基础上,研究调质阻尼器控制地震反应的最优参数设计方法,分析了多自由度体系的阻尼器设计以及调质阻尼器控制的失调效应．并用算例验证了该设计方法用于地震反应控制的可行性。  相似文献   

震源硬化模型的理论、实验及观测事实依据   总被引：9，自引：2，他引：7  

陈立德 《地震》2000,20(1):1-9

从前兆异常共性特征、有关理论分析及岩石实验结果等方面,论证了震源硬化模型的科学性和合理性。  相似文献   

软土地基深开挖对场地设计地震动的影响   总被引：16，自引：3，他引：13  

杨伟林  陈国兴  严新育  高志兵 《地震工程与工程振动》2000,20(3):93-99

本文根据南京河西地区所处的地震地质环境、地震活动环境及基岩地震动衰减规律,在场址区地震危险性分析基础上确定该地区的基岩地震动参数,并选取河西地区某个典型工程场地,根据场地上的静、动力性能参数的测试结果,进行场地上层地震反应分析,研究软土地基条件下地基深开挖场地的地震动效应及其对场地设计地震动参数的影响．文中给出了设计基准期为５０年及１００年时对应不同抗震设防水准的设计地震动参数,该结果对河西地区其它高层建筑的抗震设计也有一定的参考价值．  相似文献   

Study of elastic wave propagation in two-phase anisotropic media by numerical modeling of pseudospectral method     

YANG LIU 《地震学报(英文版)》2000,13(2):143-150

When there exists anisotropy in underground media, elastic parameters of the observed coordinate possibly do not coincide with that of the natural coordinate. According to the theory that the density of potential energy, dissipating energy is independent of the coordinate, the relationship of elastic parameters between two coordinates is derived for two-phase anisotropic media. Then, pseudospectral method to solve wave equations of two-phase anisotropic media is derived. At last, we use this method to simulate wave propagation in two-phase anisotropic media, four types of waves are observed in the snapshots, i.e., fast P wave and slow P wave, fast S wave and slow S wave. Shear wave splitting, SV wave cusps and elastic wave reflection and transmission are also observed.  相似文献   

塔里木盆地熟化有机质成烃动力学模型原始参数的恢复及意义   总被引：12，自引：2，他引：10  

卢双舫  李启明 《地质论评》2000,46(5):556-560

针对塔里木盆地主力源岩层大多埋深较大、成熟度较高,对这些源岩所进行的模拟实验不能反映或描述样品在达到现今埋深这前所经历的成烃演化过程的难题,本文先由模拟实验数据出发,建立和标定各样品的化学动力模型,在此基础上,推导和建立了恢复化学动力的始参数的方法并利用塔里木盆地的样品进行了应用。结果表明,深埋样品有机质中有相当部分的低活化能组分已在其前期演化过程中被成烃反应所消耗。因此,要客观描述样品的全部成烃  相似文献