塔里木盆地西南缘的岩石组合及其构造演化     

刘生国  郭建华 《海相油气地质》1997,2(4):15-19

塔里木盆地西南缘可划分为喀喇昆仑、西昆仑、塔里木等三个地层区和康西瓦、库地等两个缝合带。自震旦纪以来,该区经历了震旦纪—泥盆纪和石炭纪—第四纪两大构造旋回。对应每一旋回,喀喇昆仑地层区和塔里木地层区发育有被动大陆边缘盆地和碰撞造山两种类型的岩石组合。西昆仑地层区发育了被动大陆边缘盆地、俯冲消减带和碰撞造山等三种类型的岩石组合。康西瓦缝合带是康西瓦洋经历了震旦纪—中泥盆世和早石炭世—晚侏罗世两次开合后的遗迹,它既是喀喇昆仑和西昆仑两个地层区的分界线,又是羌塘和塔里木两个板块的分界线;库地缝合带则是库地洋经历早石炭世—早二叠世一次开合的遗迹,分割了西昆仑和塔里木这两个地层区。  相似文献   

Rock magnetism and paleomagnetic stratigraphy of forearc sediments of the Japan Trench, ODP Sites 1150 and 1151     

Toshiya Kanamatsu  Nobuaki Niitsuma 《Island Arc》2004,13(1):180-190

Abstract Magnetic measurements were carried out to investigate rock magnetic properties and paleomagnetic directions of late and middle Miocene sediments recovered from the land side of the Japan Trench during the Ocean Drilling Program Leg 186. Because the low coercive component in natural remanent magnetization (NRM) normalized by anhysteretic remanent magnetization shows that the drilling‐induced magnetization is severe in the sections obtained by the advanced hydraulic piston coring method, careful analyses of demagnetization of NRM using the ‘demagnetization plane’ were carried out to decompose the direction and intensity. Magnetostratigraphic correlation down to the upper Miocene, supplemented by biostratigraphic data, revealed that the sedimentation rates are characterized by drastic changes, with the early Pliocene having the highest rate. This high sedimentation rate is related to the subsidence of the southern deep‐sea terrace of the Japan Trench.  相似文献   

Mapping the crustal thickness in southwest Japan using Moho-reflected waves     

Mohamed K Salah  Dapeng Zhao 《Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors》2004,141(2):79-94

In this work we have tried to detect and collect later phases associated with the Moho discontinuity and use them to study the lateral variations of the crustal thickness in southwest (SW) Japan. We first compute synthetic seismograms for local earthquakes taking into account the focal mechanism solutions estimated from first motion polarity data. Then we compare the synthetics with the observed waveforms to detect the major later phases in seismograms of shallow crustal earthquakes in SW Japan. Taking the advantage of the high quality and great quantity of Hi-net waveform data now available throughout the entire Japan Islands, we have detected 1659 Moho-reflected phases (PmP and SmS) from shallow events in SW Japan. We estimated the crustal thickness in the study area using travel time differences between these later phases and the first P and S arrivals. Our results show that the Moho is deep in Chubu district and becomes shallower along the coastlines of the Japan Sea and the Pacific Ocean. A thinner crust appears in Osaka Bay and Awajii Island where the 1995 Kobe earthquake (M7.2) occurred.  相似文献   

新疆西南天山木扎尔特一带低压麻粒岩相变质作用P-T轨迹及其地质意义   总被引：11，自引：5，他引：11  

李强  张立飞 《岩石学报》2004,20(3):583-594

本文首次报道在新疆西南天山木扎尔特一带发现了二辉石麻粒岩和麻粒岩相变质的堇青石榴矽线石片麻岩。二辉石麻粒岩的矿物组合为单斜辉石-斜方辉石-黑云母-角闪石-斜长石-石英。堇青石榴矽线石片麻岩矿物组合为堇青石-矽线石-石榴石-黑云母-斜长石-石英。岩石学和矿物学特征表明它们是典型的低压麻粒岩相变质岩石，其变质作用经历了两期演化：a．峰期麻粒岩相变质，T=681～705℃，P=5．4～5．8kbar；b．峰后角闪岩相退变阶段，T：571～637℃．P=4．7～5．3kbar。其变质作用P-T轨迹具有逆时针近等压降温(IBC)的特点，代表该地区可能为塔里木板块向伊犁．中天山板块俯冲过程中，在陆壳一侧所产生的陆源岩浆弧区域，由于受到下部岩浆热源的影响，在拉伸环境下出现低压麻粒岩相变质。通过分析低压麻粒岩相岩石与其南部高压一超高压变质带的大地构造位置和年代关系，我们认为该地区的低压麻粒岩相变质岩石可能与其南部的西天山高压一超高压变质带组成了双变质带。  相似文献   

Exploration Indices and Mineral Potential Map of the Kuroko Deposits in Northeast Japan     

Hiroshi Kubota    Tetsuro Urabe  Ryoichi Yamada  Shojiro Tanimura 《Resource Geology》2004,54(4):387-397

Abstract. Recent discoveries of seafloor hydrothermal mineralization in submarine volcanic centers of felsic magma in western Pacific island arcs are regarded as modern analogues of Kuroko type deposits. Studies of these deposits and their surrounding geology raised question whether the exploration activity for the Kuroko deposits on land which peaked in the 1960's was adequate or not. However, such an evaluation is not easy because the exploration data are about to be lost as a result of the closure of all the Kuroko mines in the area since 1994.
The Metal Mining Agency of Japan (MMAJ), therefore, decided to compile existing data on about 180 Kuroko deposits and related mineral occurrences in northeast Japan as a new Kuroko database.
This study extends a concept called "exploration indices" which was developed based on a case study of the thoroughly surveyed Hokuroku district to draw a potential map of the Kuroko occurrences for the entire northeast Japan quantitatively with a Geographical Information System (GIS). Effective exploration indices include: 1) distribution of dacitic-rhy-olitic submarine volcanic rocks of the Nishikurosawa and Onnagawa stages, 2) distribution of intrusive rocks of pre- and post-Kuroko horizon, 3) low aeromagnetic anomaly caused by hydrothermal alteration of magnetite, 4) low gravity anomaly which suggests depressions in the basement rocks such as a tectonic basin and/or caldera, and 5) nearby existence of vein type deposits. It is concluded that about 33 % of known Kuroko deposits fall within the high potential zone (score=4 and 5) that occupies only 4 % of the entire northeast Japan arc. The Kuroko potential map is, therefore, useful for limiting the target area for Kuroko type deposits in an island arc setting.  相似文献   

Occurrence of Halogen-rich Phlogopite in Late Cenozoic Volcanic Rocks in the Japanese Arcs     

Akira Imai 《Resource Geology》2004,54(2):153-166

Abstract. Halogen-rich phlogopite occurs in the groundmass of andesite and dacite lavas from Late Tertiary to Quaternary volcanoes associated with native sulfur and limonite deposits (Shiretoko-Iwozan, Hachimantai, Adatara, Omeshidake, Masaki) and hydrothermal ore deposits (Harukayama, Muineyama, Hishikari) in Japan. The F contents of the halogen-rich phlogopite range from 3.6 to 5.7 wt%, corresponding to atomic F/(F+C1+OH) ratios ranging from 0.45 to 0.69. On the other hand, the Cl contents of the halogen-rich phlogopite are around 0.2 wt%. The atomic Mg/(Mg+Fe) ratios range from 0.69 to 0.83.
The fluorine intercept value [IV(F)] defined by Munoz (1984) of the phlogopites ranges from 0.79 to 3.17, and the chlorine intercept value [IV(Cl)] ranges from -7.11 to -7.77. The observed IV(F) of the phlogopites broadly overlap the range of the IV(F) for biotites from porphyry copper deposits. On the other hand, the observed IV(Cl) are significantly lower than the IV(Cl) for biotites from porphyry copper deposits. Whereas the F contents of the phlogopite appear more prominent compared to the Cl contents, the calculation of halogen intercept values revealed that the phlogopites are enriched in Cl with respect to the element distribution effect of Mg-Fe substitution. Since the degree of Cl enrichment of the phlogopite is more significant compared to that of biotite in porphyry copper deposits, the phlogopites are considered to have formed under the condition of significantly high activity of halogens. Hydrothermal ore deposits may be formed in magmatic hydrothermal system associated with volcanoes where halogen-rich phlogopite is formed by hypersaline fluid.  相似文献   

Formation and shortening deformation of a back-arc rift basin revealed by deep seismic profiling, central Japan   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Hiroshi Sato  Takaya Iwasaki  Shinji Kawasaki  Yasutaka Ikeda  Nobuhisa Matsuta  Tetsuya Takeda  Naoshi Hirata  Taku Kawanaka   《Tectonophysics》2004,388(1-4):47

The northern Fossa Magna (NFM) basin is a Miocene rift system produced in the final stages of the opening of the Sea of Japan. It divides the major structure of Japan into two regions, with north-trending geological structures to the NE of the basin and EW trending structures to the west of the basin. The Itoigawa-Shizuoka Tectonic Line (ISTL) bounds the western part of the northern Fossa Magna and forms an active fault system that displays one of the largest slip rates (4–9 mm/year) in the Japanese islands. Deep seismic reflection and refraction/wide-angle reflection profiling were undertaken in 2002 across the northern part of ISTL in order to delineate structures in the crust, and the deep geometry of the active fault systems. The seismic images are interpreted based on the pattern of reflectors, the surface geology and velocities derived from refraction analysis. The 68-km-long seismic section suggests that the Miocene NFM basin was formed by an east dipping normal fault with a shallow flat segment to 6 km depth and a deeper ramp penetrating to 15 km depth. This low-angle normal fault originated as a comparatively shallow brittle/ductile detachment in a high thermal regime present in the Miocene. The NFM basin was filled by a thick (>6 km) accumulation of sediments. Shortening since the late Neogene is accommodated along NS to NE–SE trending thrust faults that previously accommodated extension and produce fault-related folds on their hanging wall. Based on our balanced geologic cross-section, the total amount of Miocene extension is ca. 42 km and the total amount of late Neogene to Quaternary shortening is ca. 23 km.  相似文献   

Seafloor spreading, obduction and triple junction tectonics of the Mineoka Ophiolite, Central Japan     

Yujiro Ogawa  Akiko Takahashi 《Tectonophysics》2004,392(1-4):131

The Tertiary Mineoka ophiolite occurs in a fault zone at the intersection of the Honshu and Izu forearcs in central Japan and displays structural evidence for three major phases of deformation: normal and oblique-slip faults and hydrothermal veins formed during the seafloor spreading evolution of the ophiolite at a ridge-transform fault intersection. These structures may represent repeated changes in differential stress and pore-fluid pressures during their formation. The second series of deformation is characterized by oblique thrust faults with Riedel shears and no significant mineral veining, and is interpreted to have resulted from transpressional dextral faulting during the obduction of the ophiolite through oblique convergence and tectonic accretion. This deformation occurred at the NW corner of a TTT-type (trench–trench–trench) triple junction in the NW Pacific rim before the middle Miocene. The third series of deformation of the ophiolite is marked by contractional and oblique shear zones, Riedel shears, and thrust faults that crosscut and offset earlier structures, and that give the Mineoka fault zone its lenticular (phacoidal) fabric at all scales. This deformation phase was associated with the establishment and the southward migration of the TTT Boso triple junction and with the kinematics of oblique subduction and forearc sliver fault development. The composite Mineoka ophiolite hence displays rocks and structures that evolved during its complex geodynamic history involving seafloor spreading, tectonic accretion, and triple junction evolution in the NW Pacific Rim.  相似文献   

日本国内旅游业的发展及其地域特征   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

徐皎 《世界地理研究》2004,13(3):72-78

日本旅游业已成为国民经济的重要部门，据2002年日本交通省的统计表明，观光产业GDP已占国内生产总值的2．2％，这一数字与美国相近。但与西方国家显著不同的是，在美、英、法、意等旅游业发达国家中，国际旅游业占据举足轻重地位，而日本的旅游业却以国内旅游为主体。据日本最大旅行社JTB的统计，2002年日本旅游出行人数为34013万人次(其中出国旅游1664万人次)，而同年日本接待的外国入境游客刚刚超过500万人次。本文旨在介绍和分析日本国内旅游业的发生、发展的变化特征，以及国民不同的旅游方式和旅游地域差异。  相似文献   

Difference information criterion for the analysis of a seismotectonic influence on a radon time-series at the KSM site, Japan   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Jens Hartmann 《Geophysical Journal International》2005,160(3):891-900

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