汶川8.0级地震前后四川及邻区构造应力场研究     

阮祥  程万正  杜方  张致伟  刘丽芳  黄世源 《中国地震》2010,26(2)

收集整理了四川、云南、重庆3省市的数字地震波记录资料,反演该区域的中小地震震源机制解,并利用这些结果采用力轴张量法计算给出5个主要构造带(区)在汶川8.0级地震前后的平均应力场.对比汶川地震前后各主要构造带(区)应力场的状态发现,龙门山构造带南段、鲜水河构造带南段在汶川地震前后局部应力扰动明显,即震后平均应力场方位扰动值相对变化较大;鲜水河构造带南段、龙门山构造带南段和华蓥山构造带中段震后逆倾型地震明显减少.分析认为,这是巨大地震前后大范围地壳应力状态变化或调整的一种反映.  相似文献   

Tectonic stress field in the epicentral zone of the Latur earthquake of 1993     

S. V. Srirama Rao  K. B. Chary  T. N. Gowd  F. Rummel 《Journal of Earth System Science》1999,108(2):93-98

In situ stress measurements by hydraulic fracturing were carried out in the 617 m deep borehole specially drilled in the epicentral zone of the 1993 Latur earthquake for the purpose of research. The stress measurements carried out at 592 m depth in this borehole are the deepest of all such measurements made so far in the Indian shield. The maximum and minimum principal horizontal stresses (S _H max andS _h min) have been derived from the hydrofracture data using the classical method. TheS _{H max} andS _h min are found to be 16.5 and 9.6 MPa at 373 m depth, and 25.0 and 14.1 MPa at 592 m depth, indicating that the vertical gradients ofS _hmax andS _hmin in the epicentral zone are 39 MPa/km and 21 MPa/km respectively. The principal horizontal stresses in the epicentral zone are comparable with those at Hyderabad and 30% higher than in most other comparable intra-continental regions. Analysis of the results indicate that the stresses in the focal region of the 1993 Latur earthquake have not undergone any significant change following its occurrence and this is in agreement with a similar inference drawn from the seismic data analysis. It appears that the Latur earthquake was caused due to rupturing of the overpressured fault segment at the base of the seismogenic zone.  相似文献   

地磁场时空变量统一拟合法在判定强震危险区中的应用研究     

陈化然  柴金翼 《华北地震科学》1999,17(3):50-60

用华北地区十二个地磁台资料,用时空变量统一拟合法,得到地磁场理论模型。然后消去时,空两方面的正常背景,利用剩余场来探寻地震的中长期前兆,密集等值线分布与应力方向和构造单元的走向是大体一致的,这说明利用地磁场来监视应力的积累过程也许是可能的,最后,给出了未来１－３年强震危险区初步的预报意见。  相似文献   

由地下水位变化反演大同—阳高6.1级地震前后应力场的动态图像     

张昭栋  王吉易  耿杰  魏焕 《内陆地震》1999,(2)

分析研究了承压含水层应力应变与井水位变化之间的定量关系,得出了井水位变化与含水层应力应变之间的定量关系公式,给出了利用承压井水位变化反演含水层应力变化的两种新方法。利用大同地震前后井水位变化资料,反演了该地震前后大区域应力场的动态调整变化,并形成了时间与空间的演化图像。利用这些图像分析了大同地震前后大区域应力场的动态调整变化特征与可能的机制。  相似文献   

块体系统非连续变形数值方法──DDA及其在地壳应力分析中的应用     

陈兵  江在森  张希  王双绪 《高原地震》1999,(1)

介绍了块体系统非连续变形分析数值方法的基本理论及特点,讨论了DDA解算大地测量资料应解决的问题根据地质构造背景建立大华北块体网络系统,利用华北GPS网3期观测资料进行地壳应力场反演,结果与原地应力测量资料和传统网平差最小二乘配置法吻合,表明DDA具备实际应用前景。最后对研究方向做了探讨。  相似文献   

窗函数对地基阻尼比测试的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

侯兴民  孔令召  陈建立 《地震工程与工程振动》2009,29(3)

根据某块体基础的实测数据,讨论了常见平滑方法对时域对数衰减法和频域点峰法竖向阻尼比测试的影响。结果表明,无论采用时域方法还是频域方法,分别对测试曲线进行相邻三点的滑动平均、汉宁窗、哈明窗平滑,阻尼比计算数值差别很小。平滑次数对时域阻尼比结果有影响,平滑次数越多,时域阻尼比有减少的趋势,而频域阻尼比有增大的趋势。滑动平均方法和平滑次数的合理选取,应通过理论和试验方法的研究进一步确定。  相似文献   

The Lâalam (Béjaïa, North-East Algeria) Moderate Earthquake (Mw = 5.2) on March 20, 2006     

H. Beldjoudi  M. A. Guemache  A. Kherroubi  F. Semmane  A. K. Yelles-Chaouche  H. Djellit  A. Amrani  A. Haned 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2009,166(4):623-640

On March 20, 2006, a moderate-magnitude earthquake of M_w 5.2 hit the region of the Babors mountains, a region located two hundred km east of Algiers (capital of Algeria). More precisely, the epicentre occurred 40 km south-east of Béjaïa, the second most important city in the Kabylian region. The earthquake impacted an area with a radius of about 70 km and caused the death of four persons and injured 68. Damage was mainly observed in Lâalam village (district of Kherrata) where some buildings and old houses were affected. Damage was mainly due to a moderate landslide triggered by the earthquake. Rock falls were also observed near the main cliffs. The maximum observed intensity I₀ was estimated to VII (EMS-98 scale). According to the main shock focal mechanism solution and the spatial distribution of aftershocks, the main shock was reliably found to have been generated by an NS sinistral strike-slip fault. The compressive stress axis σ₁, oriented N325, is in agreement with the direction of convergence between Eurasia and Africa.  相似文献   

CT图像重建预处理滤波器设计     

文斌  吴胜利  潘瑞谊 《CT理论与应用研究》2008,17(3):57-64

本文分析并设计了用于CT图像重建的几种预处理滤波器。通过分析不同滤波函数对断层图像重建质量的影响,从几种经典的滤波函数出发,进行改进并与窗函数结合得到了可用于CT图像重建的几种滤波器。有关投影数据的图像重建结果表明,所设计的几种滤波器较好地满足了实际图像重建的要求。  相似文献   

山东地区尾波衰减特性（Qc）研究     

季爱东刘希强  赵英萍赵金花　 周彦文 《华北地震科学》2008,26(1):8-12

基于单次散射模型,利用山东数字地震台网数字地震波形资料,计算了山东地区13个频段的Qc值。结果表明,在1．0—20Hz（短周期）或0．05—20HIz（宽频带）频率范围内,Qc随频率的变化近似服从幂函数关系Qc^mQ0f^q,拟合得到山东地区尾波Qc值随频率的变化关系为Qc（f）=118．7±26．8f^0.94±0.14,并且选取的流逝时间越长,即时间窗越靠后,Q值一般也越大。  相似文献   

The April–June 2007 Trichonis Lake earthquake swarm (W. Greece): New implications toward the causative fault zone     

《Journal of Geodynamics》2014

On 10 April 2007, three moderate earthquakes with M_w = 4.9–5.1 occurred in the vicinity of Trichonis Lake (W. Greece). A local network composed of 12 three-component digital seismographs was installed in the epicentral area and recorded more than 1600 events. The double-difference algorithm HYPODD, incorporating both catalog and waveform cross-correlation differential travel-time data, was applied for the successful relocation of 1490 earthquakes. The latter led to the distinction of a main NW-SE trending and NE-dipping zone, as well as of three neighboring faults; a conjugate NW-SE striking and SW-dipping marginal fault mapped along the northeastern flanks of the lake; a E-W trending and south-dipping low-angle normal fault, possibly related to the major Agrinio Fault Zone (AFZ), parallel to the northern bank of the lake; a NE-SW striking and NW-dipping normal fault, likely related to a segment of the active Evinos fault, located south of the lake. Calculation of the Coulomb stress induced by the combination of the 1975 M_w = 6.0 event and the three largest events of 10 April 2007 on the inferred structures, reveals that most of the seismicity lies within the “stress-loaded” region, except for the westernmost activity, which probably belongs to the deep part of the AFZ. A total of 178 reliable focal mechanisms were determined by regional and local body-wave modeling (5 largest events) and P-wave first motion polarity data. The types of the obtained focal mechanisms are predominantly normal and strike-slip, however, numerous earthquakes were found to exhibit reverse faulting. Inversion of focal mechanism data showed that the prevailing principal horizontal component σ₃ is quite homogeneous throughout the activated area with a roughly NW-SE trend, parallel to the strike of the Hellenides. On the contrary, the compressional field σ₁ appears in two patterns: NE-SW trending onshore and NW-SE trending beneath the lake. This apparent rotation of σ₁ by 90° reveals a complex system enclosed by the suggested NW-SE trending antithetic faults in depths between 7 and 9 km. The calculated stress ratios beneath the lake imply that vertical forces are close to the overburden pressure. The overall inferred stress pattern is rather linked to topographic variations, locally imposing increase or decrease of the vertical forces. The presence of the water in the lake possibly plays an additional important role, penetrating through the bedrock, reducing the friction coefficient, while the pore pressure and, consequently, the effective stress increase. Thus, shearing along mature fractures is enhanced, likely yielding the observed diversity.  相似文献