Scale Matching with Factorial Kriging for Improved Porosity Estimation from Seismic Data   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Tingting Yao  Tapan Mukerji  Andre Journel  Gary Mavko 《Mathematical Geology》1999,31(1):23-46

When seismic data and porosity well logs contain information at different spatial scales, it is important to do a scale-matching of the datasets. Combining different data types with scale mismatch can lead to suboptimal results. A good correlation between seismic velocity and rock properties provides a basis for integrating seismic data in the estimation of petrophysical properties. Three-dimensional seismic data provides an unique exhaustive coverage of the interwell reservoir region not available from well data. However, because of the limitations of measurement frequency bandwidth and view angles, the seismic image can not capture the true seismic velocity at all spatial scales present in the earth. The small-scale spatial structure of heterogeneities may be absent in the measured seismic data. In order to take best advantage of the seismic data, factorial kriging is applied to separate the small and large-scale structures of both porosity and seismic data. Then the spatial structures in seismic data which are poorly correlated with porosity are filtered out prior to integrating seismic data into porosity estimation.  相似文献   

Prediction of weather parameters on a very short time scale by an Auto Regressive process for aviation flight planning     

R. Suresh  N. Sivagnanam  K. Suresh Chandra 《Journal of Earth System Science》1999,108(4):277-286

Forecasting weather parameters such as temperature and pressure with a reasonable degree of accuracy three hours ahead of the scheduled departure of an aircraft helps economic and efficient planning of aircraft operations. However, these two parameters exhibit a high degree of persistency and have nonstationary mean and variance at sub-periods (i.e. at 0000, 0300, 0600,…, 2100UTC). Hence these series have been standardised (to have mean 0 and variance 1) and thereafter seasonal differenced (lag 8) to achieve almost near stationarity. An attempt has been made to fit the standardised and seasonal differenced series of Chennai (a coastal station) and Trichy (an inland station) airport into an Auto Regressive (AR) process. The model coefficients have been estimated based on adaptive filter algorithm which uses the method of convergence by the steepest descent. The models were tested with an independent data set and diagnostic checks were made on the residual error series. An independent estimation of fractal dimension has also been made in this study to conform the number parameters used in the AR processes. The models contemplated in this study are parsimonious and can be used to forecast surface temperature and pressure.  相似文献   

基于GPS-RTK技术的波浪能发电装置结构动态位移监测及滤波方法          下载免费PDF全文

郭欣然  陶涛  杨毅  刘石 《海洋技术学报》2023,(4):51-59

利用全球定位系统实时差分技术（Global Positioning System Real-Time Kinematic,GPS-RTK）对波浪能发电装置进行结构变形监测得到的信号会存在噪声。针对这个问题,本文提出一种结合巴特沃斯（Butterworth）滤波器和自相关函数经验模态分解（Empirical Mode Decomposition,EMD）的滤波降噪算法,利用动态位移仿真信号进行了实验验证。结果表明：该滤波算法能够有效降低装置动态位移监测数据中噪声的影响,利用滤波算法对仿真信号进行降噪处理之后,可以提取出信号中包含的结构固有频率。  相似文献   

纵向和横向同时约束AVO反演          下载免费PDF全文

霍国栋  杜启振  王秀玲  陈刚  郑笑雪 《地球物理学报》2017,60(1):271-282

为了提高AVO(amplitude versus offset)反演结果的精度和横向连续性,本文提出了一种新的AVO反演约束方法,该方法结合贝叶斯原理和卡尔曼滤波算法实现了对反演参数纵向和横向的同时约束.文章首先结合反演参数的纵向贝叶斯先验概率约束和反演参数的横向连续性假设建立了与卡尔曼滤波算法对应的AVO反演系统的数学模型,然后将该数学模型代入卡尔曼滤波算法框架,利用卡尔曼滤波算法实现了双向约束AVO反演.二维模型测试和实际数据测试结果表明,相对于单纯的纵向贝叶斯先验概率约束,双向约束能更准确地刻画参数的横向变化,得到更准确、横向连续性更好的反演结果.  相似文献   

Application of Ultra-shallow Seismic Survey to the Wanggezhuang Fault in Qingdao     

Yang Qiyan  You Huichuan  Di Long 《中国地震研究》2018,32(4):574-583

At present, there is less theoretical research and practical experience in the aspect of ultra-shallow seismic exploration to the target layers at depths of only tens of meters both at home and abroad. Seismic exploration plays an important role in the location of faults and active structures, but the depth dozens of meters below the ground surface is the blind area of any kind of deep and shallow seismic exploration. Starting from the point of view of detecting urban active faults, and using related theories and methods of geology, geophysics and mathematics, the paper discusses the preconditions for acquiring efficient ultra-shallow seismic survey results in complicated geological backgrounds in Qingdao. Taking the Qingdao area as an example in this paper, we study the depth condition of Quaternary deposits, and apply 4-8 stacking folds to satisfy the requirement to get the exploration results with high-resolution and high-SNR. Preliminary results reveal that selecting a proper surveillance layout is one of the keys to acquire authentic exploration results in ultra-shallow P-wave reflection exploration. Our results also show that ultra-shallow seismic reflection method in detecting faults in the Qingdao area has good application prospects.  相似文献   

风浪背景下舰船水压场信号的自适应AR模型预测滤波   总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14  

林春生  邓大新  任德奎 《海洋学报》2004,26(4):133-138

为了有效地从风浪背景中检测舰船水压信号,首先根据舰船水压信号和波浪噪声的特点以时间序列的AR模型理论为依据,导出一种便于实现的自适应滤波器结构,并用NFTF自适应算法实现对舰船水压信号的预测滤波,取得了明显的效果.计算机仿真实验结果表明,给出的方法对抗波浪干扰具有良好的性能.  相似文献   

VRS动态随机模型建模方法的综合比较     

徐锐  黄丁发  廖华  陈维锋 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2010,(3)

阐述了4种传统虚拟参考站(virtual reference station,VRS)随机模型建模方法及VENUS随机模型建模方法的作业原理,从验后单位权方差、模糊度精度因子ADOP、F-ratio、滤波残差等多个角度综合分析了各方法作业水平的有效性及优劣程度。研究表明,传统的标准随机模型建模方法、信噪比建模方法及高度角建模方法在VRS中的应用有效性最弱,传统的自适应随机模型方法和VENUS建模方法在不同层面体现出各自的优势,有互相借鉴的科研价值。  相似文献   

中国大地测量数据处理60年重要进展 第二部分:大地测量参数估计理论与方法的主要进展   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

杨元喜  张丽萍 《地理空间信息》2010,8(1):1-6

大地测量参数估计原理是大地测量数据处理的重要基础。中国学者经过60年不懈努力,在自由网平差、拟稳平差、半参数估计、不适定问题解算方法、抗差估计、自适应滤波等领域做出了重要贡献,建立了许多新的理论、模型和方法,推进了大地测量数据处理理论的进展。这一部分重点介绍建国60年来中国学者在大地测量数据处理原理、方法方面取得的成就。  相似文献   

基于卫星加速度恢复地球重力场的去相关滤波法   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

宁津生  钟波  LUO Zhicai  罗志才  汪海洪 《测绘学报》2010,39(4):331-337,343

基于加速度法恢复地球重力场时,卫星加速度是由卫星轨道数值微分得到,而数值微分会放大高频误差,进而降低了重力场解算结果的精度.针对数值微分导出的加速度误差具有有色噪声的特性,提出利用去相关算法构造白化滤波器对加速度有色噪声进行滤波处理,并根据去相关的基本原理分别构造了基于三点差分和ARMA模型的白化滤波器.采用不同噪声背景的CHAMP卫星模拟轨道数据进行解算,结果表明:基于去相关滤波解算的重力场模型精度均要比等权解算的重力场模型精度高,初步验证了去相关滤波方法的有效性.  相似文献   

一种卫星重力梯度数据的ARMA最优滤波模型构建方法          下载免费PDF全文

朱广彬  常晓涛  付兴科  瞿庆亮 《地球物理学报》2018,61(12):4729-4736

由于卫星重力梯度观测的有色噪声特性和海量观测特征,在利用直接法进行重力场模型的最小二乘求解时,观测值的协方差阵为超大型的非对角阵,这给数值求解带来了极大困难.本文提出了一种基于先验误差功率谱密度的最优ARMA滤波模型构建方法,结合法方程的分块求解策略,可实现对卫星重力梯度观测值的高效滤波处理.数值仿真结果表明,利用最优ARMA滤波器进行时域滤波后,法方程的态性得到了明显改善,重力梯度观测值中的有色噪声得到了有效的"白化"处理,大地水准面精度得到了显著提升.  相似文献