饱和冻土中弹性体波传播特性影响参数研究     

仇浩淼  夏唐代  郑晴晴  周飞 《岩土力学》2018,39(11):4053-4062

基于Leclaire对饱和双相孔隙弹性介质Biot模型的扩展,研究含有两种不同固相组分的三相多孔弹性介质中体波的传播特性。以饱和冻土为例,分析了各相体积分数、颗粒形状,接触参数等因素对波动方程中惯性参数、黏性参数、刚度参数的影响;对该三相介质模型进行了退化,分析了孔隙中只含液态水或固态冰时体波的特性;以饱和冻土为例,通过数值计算,探讨了饱和冻土中体波的相速度和衰减系数与胶结参数、接触参数、频率、饱和度、孔隙率等参数的关系。结果表明：与一般的饱和土不同,饱和冻土中存在5种体波,即3种纵波和2种横波;5种体波均具有弥散性和衰减性,且P1波、S1波弥散性和衰减性远小于P2、P3、S2波;胶结参数、饱和度、孔隙率对5种体波的传播特性影响显著,接触参数对传播特性影响较小。  相似文献   

任意各向异性介质三维有限元航空电磁响应模拟     

曾昭发  霍祉君  李文奔  李静  赵雪宇  何荣钦 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2018,48(2):433-444

在航空电磁探测方法应用中,地下探测环境复杂,地下介质物性参数存在各向异性特征。如果采用常规各向同性介质模型,在资料解释过程中会产生严重的偏差。本文基于矢量有限元法开展三维任意各向异性频率域航空电磁响应模拟计算研究。首先,将总场分解成一次场和二次场,对空气介质的均匀全空间进行一次场解析计算,同时利用矢量有限元法对二次电场的双旋度方程进行求解。为提高求解速度,采用共享内存直接求解器PARDISO对大规模稀疏矩阵并行计算,大大提高了三维模型的计算速度。之后开展了4种典型目标模型的三维各向异性介质模拟：围岩各向同性-目标体各向异性（绕z轴旋转）模型;围岩各向同性-目标体各向异性（绕x轴旋转）模型;围岩各向异性-目标体各向异性（绕z轴旋转）模型;围岩各向异性-目标体各向异性（绕x轴旋转）模型。对比分析了不同模型在不同旋转角度情况下,磁场实虚分量的变化特征,进而总结了各向异性参数对航空电磁响应的影响规律和识别方法。  相似文献   

非均匀介质地震AVO响应模拟及分析     

刘财  裴思嘉  郭智奇  符伟  张宇生  刘喜武 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2018,48(5):1512-1521

地震AVO （amplitude versus offset）技术是一项利用振幅信息研究岩性、检测油气的地震勘探技术。常规方法基于Zoeppritz方程计算模型界面处的反射系数,而实际地下非均匀介质中地震反射特征不仅与入射角度、物性差异有关,还与入射波频率、地层厚度、薄互层结构等因素有关。为此,应用传播矩阵理论充分考虑与这些因素有关的调谐干涉等传播效应,针对实际数据计算非均匀地下介质的高精度合成地震记录,对比Zoeppritz方程、Shuey二项近似方程、Shuey三项近似方程以及传播矩阵算法的模拟效果。研究发现：在小角度入射时Zoeppritz方程、Shuey二项近似方程和Shuey三项近似方程的反射振幅和波形基本一致,大角度入射时Zoeppritz方程与Shuey三项近似方程接近;Zoeppritz算法的模拟结果在小角度入射和浅层情况下与传播矩阵算法差别较小,而在大角度入射和深层情况下与传播矩阵差别较大,说明层间多次波的调谐干涉等传播效应不可忽略。  相似文献   

Coalbed methane reservoirs’ pore-structure characterization of different macrolithotypes in the southern Junggar Basin of Northwest China     

《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2017

Coalbed methane (CBM) development in the southern Junggar Basin of Northwest China has aroused extensive attention owing to its significant resource potential. The accurate characterization of coal pore structure is important for CBM exploration and production. In order to explore the relationship between coal pore structure and macrolithotype, which has rarely been studied in the southern Junggar Basin, a series of laboratory experiments were performed on eight samples of different macrolithotypes. The results show that the porosity exhibits regularity with macrolithotype in the order bright < semibright < semidull < dull, and also shows an increase with the rise of the inertinite content. The pore-size distribution results show that the dominating pores of bright and semibright coals are usually greater than that of dull and semidull coals in size. The pore-type analysis indicates that the bottleneck pores (Type B) are well developed in dull and semidull coals, while bright and semibright coals mainly host two sides (Type A), namely opened pores and one-side-closed pores (Type C). The pore-type and -size distribution strongly affect pore connectivity refers to the facts that: 1) the proportion of effective porosity increases with an increasing proportion of pores greater than 100 nm in size; and 2) that the mercury withdrawal efficiency is always lower when the pores are mostly of Type B. So the pore connectivity of semibright and bright coals is higher than that of semidull and dull coals. Furthermore, pores are developed mainly in the inertinite, with pore-type being dominated by Type B and C, secondly in the vitrinite, with pore-type being dominated by Type A and C, and less developed in the liptinite with pore-type of B and C. The pore connectivity of each maceral is in the order vitrinite > inertinite > liptinite. Finally, according to the research results, the reservoir fracturing improvement should be more arranged on the dull or semi-dull coals, and the producing layers should be bright or semi-bright coals as much as possible on the premise that the gas contents of coal layers are not much different from each other.  相似文献   

知识不确定条件下的海外保障基地自然风险情景模拟评估     

姜德良  张韧  葛珊珊 《海洋通报》2017,36(5):504-537

针对海外保障基地面临的自然风险,在风险辨识基础上,构建了风险评价指标体系和海外保障基地自然风险的贝叶斯网络评估模型,并进行了情景模拟下的量化实验评估。针对目前贝叶斯网络评估过程中的群决策和决策偏好问题,引入了犹豫层次分析思想来优化计算指标风险隶属度,改进了评估过程中的客观性和适用性。  相似文献   

东太平洋CC区西区表层沉积物黏土矿物和地球化学特征          下载免费PDF全文

付锋  郑洋  姚旭莹  倪建宇 《海洋学研究》2017,35(1):55-65

本文以太平洋CC区西区12个表层沉积物样品作为研究对象,对其粒度、化学组分和矿物成分进行分析,讨论其沉积环境和物质来源。研究区地处深海,主要以深海黏土和硅钙质黏土为主,含有少量的硅质黏土、黏土质硅质软泥和黏土质钙质软泥。黏土矿物成分主要是蒙皂石和伊利石,含有部分的高岭石和绿泥石。黏土矿物组成表明,区内沉积物主要是陆源,由高空气流携带而来,南极底流和热液活动对其物源的来源有一定影响。沉积物地球化学特征也表明,物源以陆源为主,稀土元素分布曲线和北太平洋表层海水稀土曲线类似,且表现出强的Ce亏损,表明生物活动导致的生物沉降对表层沉积物也有一定的影响。  相似文献   

King Canute muses in the South Seas: Why aren’t Pacific Islands transitioning to low carbon sea transport futures?     

《Marine Policy》2017

Transition to low carbon sea transport is a logical response to the extreme dependency of the Pacific Islands region on imported fossil fuel, its significant vulnerability to the effects of climate change and the critical shipping needs of Pacific Island countries (PICs). Building on previous work in low carbon sea transport in the Pacific, this paper further considers the barriers to achieving such transition by assessing, through a ‘post-Paris Agreement’ lens, the Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs) submitted by PICs and contrasting these to the near total lack of investment and planning for low carbon transition in the transport sector with the parallel occurrence in the electricity sector where ~USD 2 billion of donor investment is deployed or queued despite electricity using only ~20% of fossil fuel across the region. Consistent with recent international studies, inadequate and inappropriate financing and policy have been identified as dominant transition barriers for low carbon sea transport development in PICs. This paper further examines the regional level barriers to policy development, and finds them inhibited by the silo nature of the major regional actors. The implications that the Paris Agreement has for climate financing to support the essential research and capacity development needed to underpin a successful low carbon sea transport transition strategy at any useful scale and speed are also considered in this paper.  相似文献   

南极洲纳尔逊冰帽的某些动力学特征^*   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

王文悌  秦大河 《地理研究》1995,14(1):1-7

纳尔逊冰帽是南设得兰群岛的一个小冰帽,受海洋性气候影响冰帽上降水丰富,冰温较高。冰帽表面运动速度完全由冰帽表面形态和冰帽底床形态所控制,其中E剖面更为复杂。冰帽驱动应力基本小于100kPa.由V/Z～Za曲线得到在V/7为0.6～3×10^-9范围内的流动参数:n约为1;B≈4.3×10¹⁰dynescm^-2sec.这表明在低应力区,冰体流动更接近牛顿流体。  相似文献   

龙门山和相邻地域航磁场特征与汶川大地震   总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

闫亚芬  滕吉文  阮小敏  胡国泽 《地球物理学报》2016,59(1):197-214

本文应用化极、水平及垂向导数、向上延拓、视磁化强度填图及磁性界面反演等方法处理了龙门山及相邻地域最新的航空磁测数据,分析了龙门山及相邻地域的航磁异常展布特征.研究结果表明:1)龙门山造山带与其东、西两侧可划分为三个磁异常区:松潘—甘孜磁异常区、龙门山负磁异常带、四川盆地磁异常区;三个区、带的地壳介质磁性结构存在明显差异.2)根据该区航空磁异常场的分布特征分别研究了,松潘—甘孜地块、龙门山造山带和四川地块的磁场特征.3)除识别前人识别的断层外,还推断鲜水河ES延伸甘洛—雷波北断裂作为四川盆地与滇西的界带.4)航空磁异常,磁性体上、下界面及磁源体深度的空间分布特征与汶川MS8.0大地震及芦山地震发生相关.  相似文献   

南海海底地震仪异常数据的分析和处理   总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

王强  丘学林  赵明辉  黄海波  敖威 《地球物理学报》2016,59(3):1102-1112

海底地震仪(Ocean Bottom Seismometer,OBS)数据处理至关重要,是获取深部地壳结构的基础与前提.2006年实施OBS2006-2测线时,有2台OBS(OBS03,OBS06)数据出现异常,无法使用.由于海上航次花费巨大,采集到的数据弥足珍贵.本文采用数据格式检查、邻近台站对比分析、重采样等方法,成功地对这2台OBS数据进行了解编处理,得到了这两个台站的综合地震记录剖面;利用上述方法对2011年实施的OBS973-3测线中的异常台站OBS03进行了分析处理,同样得到了OBS03台站的综合地震剖面;通过查看两次海上实验班报发现,OBS2006-2测线之OBS06与OBS973-3测线之OBS03内部Sedis编号相同,为同一台记录仪器,再一次验证上述处理方法正确可行;然后对OBS2006-2测线2个台站进行震相识别与走时拾取后,利用前人纵波速度模型开展了射线追踪与走时模拟.此次对异常OBS数据的重新处理工作,不仅为OBS探测提供了宝贵的数据处理经验,而且将提高OBS2006-2测线地壳结构的可靠性和约束性,具有重要的研究意义.  相似文献