嘉黎—迫隆藏布构造混杂岩带的基本特征   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

何来信  王小伟 《甘肃地质》2002,11(1):29-31

嘉黎—迫隆藏布构造混杂岩带实质上是一个多类型、多体制、多级别 ,但有成生联系的构造形迹及构造夹块组成的复杂构造体系 ,露头几何学特征为高角度逆冲断层 ,蛇绿杂岩混杂堆积 ,剖面上为大规模的逆冲岩片和剪切岩块的定向排列 ,具有逆冲推覆—右行走滑的构造运动学演化。  相似文献   

A modern structural regime in the Paleoarchean (3.64 Ga); Isua Greenstone Belt, southern West Greenland     

Simon Hanmer  David C. Greene   《Tectonophysics》2002,346(3-4)

The footwall gneisses beneath the western part of the Paleoarchean (3.8 Ga) Isua Greenstone Belt, southern West Greenland, are interpreted here in terms of a 3.64 Ga stack of mylonitic crystalline thrust-nappes, the oldest example known on Earth. In present coordinates, the kinematic history of the thrust-nappe stack is couched in terms of initial longitudinal (strike-parallel) thrusting towards the southwest, followed by transverse thrusting to the northwest, and subsequent extensional collapse of the thickened crust toward the southeast.Diorite and tonalite that form the western margin of granitoids, structurally overlying the western part of the Isua Greenstone Belt and its footwall, contain 3.5 Ga mafic dykes, some of which are deformed and/or truncated at fault contacts within the granitoids. Accordingly, a component of the deformation structurally above the Isua Greenstone Belt occurred after 3.5 Ga, significantly later than the formation of the underlying mylonitic nappes, probably during the Neoarchean.The structural regime of mylonitic thrust-nappe stacking is very similar to that in modern mountain belts. It would appear that the deformational behaviour, rheological constitution and overall strength of Paleoarchean and modern continental crust were similar.  相似文献   

Tectonics and crustal structures related to Bhuj earthquake of January 26, 2001: based on gravity and magnetic surveys constrained from seismic and seismological studies   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

D.C. Mishra  D.V. Chandrasekhar  B. Singh 《Tectonophysics》2005,396(3-4):195-207

Gravity and magnetic data of the Kachchh basin and surrounding regions have delineated major E–W and NW–SE oriented lineaments and faults, which are even extending up to plate boundaries in the north Arabian Sea and western boundary of the Indian plate, respectively. The epicentral zone of Bhuj earthquake and its aftershocks is located over the junction of Rann of Kachchh and median uplifts viz. Kachchh mainland and Wagad uplifts, which are separated by thrust faults. Gravity data with constraints from the results of the seismic studies along a profile suggest that the basement is uplifted towards the north along thrust faults dipping 40–60° south. Similarly gravity and magnetic modeling along a profile across Wagad uplift suggest south dipping (50–60°) basement contacts separating rocks of high susceptibility and density towards the north. One of these contacts coincides with the fault plane of the Bhuj earthquake as inferred from seismological studies and its projection on the surface coincides with the E–W oriented north Wagad thrust fault. A circular gravity high in contact with the fault in northern part of the Wagad uplift along with high amplitude magnetic anomaly suggests plug type mafic intrusive in this region. Several such gravity anomalies are observed over the island belt in the Rann of Kachchh indicating their association with mafic intrusions. The contact of these intrusives with the country rock demarcates shallow crustal inhomogeneities, which provides excellent sites for the accumulation of regional stress. A regional gravity anomaly map based on the concept of isostasy presents two centers of gravity lows of −11 to −13 mGal (10⁻⁵ m/s²) representing mass deficiency in the epicentral region. Their best-fit model constrained from the receiver function analysis and seismic refraction studies suggest crustal root of 7–8 km (deep crustal inhomogeneity) under them for a standard density contrast of −400 kg/m³. It is, therefore, suggested that significant amount of stress get concentrated in this region due to (a) buoyant crustal root, (b) regional stress due to plate tectonic forces, and (c) mafic intrusives as stress concentrators and the same might be responsible for the frequent and large magnitude earthquakes in this region including the Bhuj earthquake of January 26, 2001.  相似文献   

造山带断片型地层层序恢复实例剖析   总被引：11，自引：2，他引：11       下载免费PDF全文

冯庆来  方念乔 《地质科学》1997,32(3):318-326

南皮河组和怕拍组分布于昌宁一孟连带西缘的耿马、沧源、澜沧地区,前人将其分别划归晚二叠世和早三叠世。新的研究表明,它们不是连续地层,而是由多个地层断片组成。通过逐个地层断片研究,恢复了该区被动陆缘的地层序列。在此基础上,重新进行地层划分,厘定了弄巴组、南皮河组和怕拍组。进而探讨了该被动陆缘的演化历史。  相似文献   

Thrust tectonics in crystalline domains: The origin of a gneiss dome     

R. O. Greiling 《Journal of Earth System Science》1997,106(4):209-220

Structural geological field work, microscopic and magnetic fabric studies have been applied in order to assess the structural origin of a gneiss dome, based on a regional example from the Neoproterozoic Pan-African Belt of NE Africa, the Wadi Hafafit Culmination (WHC). The culmination is dominated by a number of major shear zones, which form both the boundaries between the gneissic core and surrounding low grade successions as well as those of minor structural units within the gneisses. These shear zones form a linked fault system, which, based on shear criteria, fault-bend fold and overall geometric interrelationships, can be classified as an antiformal stack. The relative age sequence of the shear zones/thrusts with the highest thrust oldest and the lowermost youngest points to a forward-propagating thrust system. This, together with the shear criteria, exclude an origin of the WHC as a metamorphic core complex, where the highest shear zone should be youngest. The geometry of the WHC antiformal stack is documented by maps and sections as well as section balancing and restoration. Microscopic work showed brittle deformation in feldspar and dynamic recrystallization in quartz ribbons. The asymmetry of the fabric confirmed the macroscopically determined shear sense. However, there is one example of an earlier, perhaps extensional shear movement. Mylonitic foliation and transport-parallel lineation have also been determined by magnetic fabric studies. The observations suggest that thrusts may cut across both previously folded crystalline rocks as well as homogeneous granitoid plutonic bodies. According to the regional tectonic picture the large-scale structure of the gneiss dome originated after a phase of (late-orogenic) extensional collapse. It is speculated that during late-orogenic cooling the upper part of the lithosphere was sufficiently strong to allow brittle thrusting whilst the lithosphere as a whole was still weak enough to allow large-scale compressional deformation, perhaps in a transitional stage from lateorogenic to intra-cratonic deformation.  相似文献   

Normal faults in Panjal Thrust Zone in Lesser Himalaya and between the Higher Himalaya Crystallines and Chamba sequence in Kashmir Himalaya,India     

V. C. Thakur  Piyoosh Rautela  M. Jafaruddin 《Journal of Earth System Science》1995,104(3):499-508

Normal faults on mesoscopic scale are observed in the Panjal Thrust Zone in the Dalhousie area of western Htmachal. The boundary between the southern margin of the Higher Himalaya Crystalline (HHC) of Zanskar and the Chamba syncline sequence is also described as a normal fault, referred to as Bhadarwah Normal Fault in the Bhadarwah area of Doda district on the basis of field mapping and shear sense criteria using S-C fabric and porphyroblast rotation. The occurrence of these normal faults suggests that the extensional tectonic regime was not restricted only to the Zanskar shear zone area but that it also occurs south of the Higher Himalayan range. This suggests NE-directed subhorizontal extension and exhumation of deeper level rocks of Higher Himalaya Crystallines.  相似文献   

Deformation, metamorphism and imbrication of the Indian plate, south of the Main Mantle Thrust, north Pakistan   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

P. J. TRELOAR  R. D. BROUGHTON  M. P. WILLIAMS  M. P. COWARD  B. F. WINDLEY 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》1989,7(1):111-125

ABSTRACT South of the Main Mantle Thrust in north Pakistan, rocks of the northern edge of the Indian plate were deformed and metamorphosed during the main southward thrusting phase of the Himalayan orogeny. In the Hazara region, between the Indus and Kaghan Valleys, metamorphic grade increases northwards from chlorite zone to sillimanite zone rocks in a typically Barrovian sequence. Metamorphism was largely synchronous with early phases of the deformation. The metamorphic rocks were subsequently imbricated by late north-dipping thrusts, each with higher grade rocks in the hanging wall than in the footwall, such that the metamorphic profile shows an overall tectonic inversion. The rocks of the Hazara region form one of a number of internally imbricated metamorphic blocks stacked, after the metamorphic peak, on top of each other during the late thrusting. This imbrication and stacking represents an early period of post-Himalayan uplift.  相似文献   

南天山山前冲断带的构造样式及成因探讨   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

温声明  王贵重  程明华  王志勇 《新疆地质》2006,24(1):24-29

塔里木盆地南天山山前冲断带东西分段、南北分带.受走滑断裂控制,自西向东分为喀什北缘、西克尔区段、柯坪断隆主体、温宿凸起和库车坳陷.受南天山逆掩推覆作用影响,发育多排NE向构造带,喀什北缘主要发育乌恰、阿图什、喀什3排构造带,柯坪断隆主体发育3排古生界逆冲褶皱带,库车坳陷主要由北部单斜带、克拉苏—依奇克里克、秋里塔格构造带组成.由于山前带基底结构和构造运动的差异,造成了各区段地层分布的不均衡,普遍发育的逆冲断裂和走滑断裂,使得地质结构和构造样式更为复杂,多套塑性地层对区带展布和构造变形起到了重要作用.  相似文献   

苏鲁高压-超高压变质带折返抬升过程中构造界面和应力场的变化   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

崔军文王连捷  张晓卫唐哲民 史金松 《岩石学报》2006,22(7):1817-1826

作为地质历史时期深俯冲作用产物的超高压变质岩，尽管有不同的形成演化历史，但其最终的折返作用无不是在逆冲扩展过程中完成的。因此，逆冲扩展作用及其数值模拟的研究对完整认识苏鲁高压-超高压变质带的折返机制和折返过程具有重要意义。逆冲扩展作用最显观的构造效应是不同层次构造界面和应力场的变化，对于地壳尺度的逆冲扩展作用而言，陆表面和Moho是最重要的活动性构造界面，陆表面的变化导致山体抬升和滞后伸展盆地的形成，出现盆-山相间的构造格局。初步的模拟计算表明，山体的抬升量、滞后伸展盆地的坳陷量和Moho的上拱量与逆冲地块的平移速度和逆冲扩展速度成正相关关系，而且随着时间的推移，山体的抬升速度、滞后伸展盆地的坳陷速度和Moho的上拱速度都有逐渐增大趋势。逆冲扩展过程中，构造应力场的变化总的表现为随着平移速度和逆冲扩展速度的增大和逆冲扩展作用的持续进行，逆冲块体内部由挤压应力状态逐渐向拉张应力状态转化。地块的平移速度是构造强度的一个重要标量，当高压-超高压变质带以仰冲块体为运动载体，沿断裂带向陆壳浅部折返时，构造界面的移动规律基本反映了高压-超高压变质带的折返过程，可见，构造作用的强度和性质应该是制约高压-超高压变质带折返的重要因素之一，在岩石密度差相同的条件下，拉张构造应力场更有利于折返作用的进行。苏鲁高压-超高压变质带的折返是通过多期构造作用完成的，根据数值模拟结果可以推测，每期构造作用都伴随有折返速度由慢到快的变化，在整个折返过程中，构造运动性质和强度的差异导致了折返速度的不均一，总体上，折返速度将随着逆冲地块由挤压向拉张状态的转化和拉张强度（构造作用强度）的不断增强而逐渐增大，最终在以拉张为主导的构造应力场中完成了高压-超高压变质带折返的全过程。  相似文献   

Landslide studies along the national highway (NH 39) in Manipur     

Arun Kumar  Manichandra Sanoujam 《Natural Hazards》2007,40(3):603-614

The present study investigates the factors associated with the occurrence of landslides along with the National Highway (NH 39) connecting Assam-Manipur (India) to Myanmar. Kinematics and slope stability analyses were used to gain an understanding of the causes of slope failure despite the terrain comprising material with a high safety factor. The study area falls within a high seismic zone along the regional Churachandpur-Mao Thrust (CMT) situated west of the Indo-Myanmar subduction zone. Based on these studies of seismicity, slip rates, creeping, among others, it was inferred that CMT is a creeping regional fault running parallel to the subduction zone boundary creeping segment of CMT and that the CMT requires further monitoring to assess the landslide hazard in the region.  相似文献