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941.
以人地关系为视角,引入空间可达性的概念,探讨赣闽粤交界地区客家先民迁移路线的选择与所处的自然环境和社会历史背景之间的关系。利用GIS技术建立地形和古交通通道数据库,分别构建栅格与矢量数据结构最优路径模型,分析了客家民系迁移路径选择与空间可达性的关系。结果表明:可达性分析结果与客家民系的空间分布拟合的较好,受迁移时期的生产力水平限制,高大山脉、隘口等地形因素对迁移路线影响巨大,自然、社会、历史因素共同影响客家民系迁移及分布格局,赣州、长汀、梅州等"客家首府"城市位于所模拟的最优迁移路径上。 相似文献
942.
快速城市化进程中的人口流出地乡村社会变迁研究——对山西省中部地区的实证研究 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
快速城市化进程中,农村劳动力大量涌入城市,乡村地区出现了诸多社会经济问题。在快速城市化的视角下,特别是从城市化对乡村影响的理论角度,对山西省中部地区的3个典型村庄进行实证研究。研究发现,农村劳动力外流现象十分突出,有外出务工人员的农户家庭比例超过60%,但也存在无特殊技能的高龄农民工回流的趋势。此外,研究还发现乡村出现了农村老龄化、留守妇女、留守儿童教育、传统乡土社会瓦解等问题。这些问题是快速城市化进程中不容回避的问题。 相似文献
943.
居民日常出行时空集聚视角下的城市交通拥堵形成机制研究——以广州为例 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
随着大城市的迅速蔓延与扩张,市内交通拥堵日益成为世界大城市在发展过程中面临的重要问题,亦成为众多学科研究的热点话题。运用时间地理学的研究方法,以城市居民日常活动的时空集聚为基本研究视角,选取广州作为案例,探讨城市内部交通拥堵形成的机制。研究结果表明,运动型时空共存是产生交通拥堵的根本原因,而出行路径的时空集聚必然造成运动型时空共存。广州市居民的出行行为由于受到时空约束的作用下,造成出行路径的时空集聚,城市的空间结构和路网结构进一步强化其集聚效应,从而形成出行路径的时空共存,并引发交通拥堵。本文的基本结论是城市居民的日常活动受到时间和空间两种因素的共同约束,当两种约束条件达到一定的程度时将产生时空集聚和运动型时空共存,并最终形成交通拥堵。良好的交通管理手段只能促使交通拥堵的状况趋于好转,本质上难以解决交通拥堵问题。城市空间结构、交通线路、交通管制、交通供需状况在一定程度上通过影响居民日常出行路径的时空共存而加剧或缓解交通拥堵现象。所以,在城市交通供需状况处在一种基本合理的水平下,解决大城市交通拥堵问题的根本出路在于降低居民日常活动的运动型时空共存。 相似文献
944.
Evidence has mounted for some time that planet migration is an important part of the formation of planetary systems, both in the Solar System [Malhotra, R., 1993. Nature 365, 819-821] and in extrasolar systems [Mayor, M., Queloz, D., 1995. Nature 378, 355-359; Lin, D.N.C., Bodenheimer, P., Richardson, D.C., 1996. Nature 380, 606-607]. One mechanism that produces migration (the change in a planet's semi-major axis a over time) is the scattering of comet- and asteroid-size bodies called planetesimals [Fernandez, J.A., Ip, W.-H., 1984. Icarus 58, 109-120]. Significant angular momentum exchange can occur between the planets and the planetesimals during local scattering, enough to cause a rapid, self-sustained migration of the planet [Ida, S., Bryden, G., Lin, D.N.C., Tanaka, H., 2000. Astrophys. J. 534, 428-445]. This migration has been studied for the particular case of the four outer planets of the Solar System (as in Gomes et al. [Gomes, R.S., Morbidelli, A., Levison, H.F., 2004. Icarus 170, 492-507]), but is not well understood in general. We have used the Miranda [McNeil, D., Duncan, M., Levison, H.F., 2005. Astron. J. 130, 2884-2899] computer simulation code to perform a broad parameter-space survey of the physical variables that determine the migration of a single planet in a planetesimal disk. Migration is found to be predominantly inwards, and the migration rate is found to be independent of planet mass for low-mass planets in relatively high-mass disks. Indeed, a simple scaling relation from Ida et al. [Ida, S., Bryden, G., Lin, D.N.C., Tanaka, H., 2000. Astrophys. J. 534, 428-445] matches well with the dependencies of the migration rate:
(1) 相似文献
945.
江南春雨和南海副热带高压的时间演变及其与东亚夏季风环流和降水的关系 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
使用国家气象信息中心整理的逐日降水资料和NCEP/NCAR逐日再分析资料,创建了江南春雨建立时间指数和南海副热带高压(副高)减弱时间指数,研究了江南春雨各要素的相互关系及其与东亚夏季风环流和降水的关系.分析表明,当江南春雨建立较晚时,夏季江南地区的降水也较少,这是由于东亚夏季风加强,高原近侧气旋性环流加强,使江南地区出现异常反气旋性环流(气旋性辐合环流减弱)所致;当南海副高减弱较晚时,长江中下游至江南地区降水偏多,易发洪涝,这主要是由于东亚夏季风减弱,南海副高偏强,华南的异常西南风与围绕高原的异常反气旋环流的偏北风在长江中下游流域形成异常气旋性环流所致.江南春雨的建立时间和南海副高减弱时间之间又具有线性无关性,可以为东亚夏季风环流和降水异常的预报提供重要线索.两指数与3月ENSO综合指数MEI关系密切,表明东亚的气候异常与ENSO 全球气候异常紧密联系,因此在分析预测东亚气候异常时必须同时关注全球气候异常背景. 相似文献
946.
On Reynolds Averaging of Turbulence Time Series 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
We show that validity of Reynolds averaging for estimating the (ensemble) mean of a turbulence time series requires that the
series values be both stationary and uncorrelated. In strict statistical terminology, these two conditions are jointly designated as independent identically distributed (i.i.d.). Moreover, we show that when the series values are correlated, knowledge of the correlation between the values is needed
to obtain a reliable estimate of the mean. Last, we contend that a viable averaging algorithm must be Reynolds number (Re) dependent, requiring one version for low Re (Gaussian) turbulence and another for high Re (non-Gaussian) turbulence. Alternatively the median (as opposed to the mean) is recommended as a measure of the central tendency of the turbulence probability density function. 相似文献
947.
Jytte Agergaard Ditte Broegger 《Geografisk tidskrift / udgivet af Bestyrelsen for Det Kongelige danske geografiske selskab》2016,116(1):71-81
Migration to domestic and international destinations has become an emblematic feature of Nepal’s societal changes. Part of this development is education migration from rural to urban areas within the borders of Nepal, an often overlooked but increasingly important aspect of contemporary migration flows. By focusing on these educational migrants, this paper explores how they connect to their rural homes. Guided by a critical reading of the migration-development scholarship, the paper examines how migrants and their relatives make sense of educational migrants’ remitting and returning practices, and by comparing three groups of educational migrants, the migrants’ reasons for staying connected and sending remittances are scrutinized. The paper finds that although educational migrants do not generate extensive economic remittances for local development in Nepal, they stay connected to their rural homes and partake in important social remittance practices that represent a vision for impacting local development. 相似文献
948.
琼东南盆地深水区古近系陵水组输导体系特征 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
以Vail经典的层序地层学理论为指导,采用深水区地震资料与浅水区钻井资料结合,相互印证对比的方法,将琼东南盆地深水区古近系陵水组自下而上划分出SⅠ、SⅡ、SⅢ和SⅣ4个三级层序,建立了研究区目的层三维等时层序地层格架。在此基础上采用单要素综合分析的方法,对陵水组输导体系进行研究,将该区目的层输导体划分为储集体、不整合面和断裂等3种。根据输导要素和空间形态,总结出9种输导模式类型。结合盆地温度场、压力场、流体势及烃源岩发育特征,指出盆地深水区陵水组主要发育地堑型和半地堑型两种成藏模式,并在优势输导体系评价的基础上对陵水组各层序有利勘探区域进行了预测。 相似文献
949.
The thermomechanical responses of a porous elastic medium subjected to time harmonic loads (normal force and thermal source) are investigated analytically in the context of generalised thermoelastic theory with one relaxation time. The material of the foundation, obeying Biot’s dynamic poroelastic theory, is idealised as a uniform, fully saturated poroelastic half-space stratum. The coupled governing equations are established based on Biot’s dynamic poroelastic theory and on generalised thermoelastic theory. Assuming the disturbances to be harmonically time dependent, the general solutions of stress, displacement, temperature distribution and excess pore water pressure are deduced using the Fourier transform, and the transformed solutions are numerically inverted. The differences among the coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical dynamic model (THMD), the hydro-mechanical dynamic model (HMD) and the thermo-elastic dynamic model (TMD) are discussed. In addition, the effects of the thermal loading frequency on the displacement, stress, temperature distribution and excess pore water pressure components are analysed in the numerical results. 相似文献
950.
Bushfire and everyday life: Examining the awareness-action ‘gap’ in changing rural landscapes 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
In this paper we use the notion of ‘everyday life’ to critically examine an apparent ‘gap’ between bushfire risk awareness and preparedness amongst diverse landholders in rural landscapes affected by amenity-led in-migration in southeast Australia. Landholders were found to bring their own agency to bushfire preparedness in the relationships between everyday procedures, dilemmas, and tradeoffs. Consequently, regardless of landholders’ awareness levels, attitudes towards bushfire and natural resource management influence if, how, and to what extent landowners prepare for bushfires. We argue that not only is the ‘gap’ complex but also paradoxical in that it is both evident in, and constituted by, landholder attitudes and action and simultaneously dissolved in their practices and decision-making in everyday life. Three dilemmas of everyday life in particular were found to underpin these attitudes: costs (in terms of monetary and time values), gender roles, and priorities. Using a mixed-methods research approach, this simultaneous cultural construction and material nature of bushfire in everyday life is mapped out through landholders’ narratives and actions that embody living with fire on the land. The place of bushfire in landholders’ everyday life has direct relevance to recent international discussions of the vulnerability of the growing number of people living in bushfire-prone rural-urban interface areas. 相似文献